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The co-evolution of residential segregation and the built environment at the turn of the 20th century: A Schelling model / Seth Spielman in Transactions in GIS, vol 18 n° 1 (February 2014)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 18 n° 1 (February 2014) . - pp 25 - 45 Titre : The co-evolution of residential segregation and the built environment at the turn of the 20th century: A Schelling model Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Seth Spielman, Auteur ; Patrick Harrison, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 25 - 45 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications SIG [Termes IGN] changement d'occupation du sol [Termes IGN] environnement [Termes IGN] Etats-Unis [Termes IGN] habitat urbain [Termes IGN] histoire [Termes IGN] modélisation [Termes IGN] New Jersey (Etats-Unis) [Termes IGN] population urbaine [Termes IGN] répartition géographique [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique [Termes IGN] ville Résumé : (Auteur) To what degree does the built environment of cities shape the social environment? In this article we use a Schelling-like agent-based model to consider how changes to the built environment of cities relate to changes in residential segregation by income and ethnicity. To develop this model we exploit insights from a high resolution historical GIS which maps 100% of the population of Newark, NJ in 1880. Newark in 1880 had a complex social landscape characterized by areas of significant social and economic segregation and areas of relative integration. We develop a Schelling model capable of reproducing these residential patterns. We use this model to explore the decentralization of housing, a specific phenomenon associated with the demise of the walking city in the late 19th century. Holding agent preferences constant, but allowing the landscape of the Schelling model to evolve in ways that reflect historical changes to the built environment, produces changes to the social landscape that are also consistent with history. Our work suggests that changes in residential segregation do not necessarily imply changes to individual attitudes and preferences. Changes in residential segregation can be generated by changes to the built environment, specifically the geographic distribution of housing. Numéro de notice : A2014-064 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/tgis.12014 Date de publication en ligne : 05/02/2013 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12014 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32969 [article]