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Affiner la recherche Interroger des sources externesAtlas of INSPIRE - evaluating SDI development through an inventory of INSPIRE experiences of European national mapping agencies / Wim de Vries in International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research, vol 6 (Year 2011)
Titre : Atlas of INSPIRE - evaluating SDI development through an inventory of INSPIRE experiences of European national mapping agencies Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Wim de Vries, Auteur ; Joep Crompvoets, Auteur ; Jantien E. Stoter, Auteur ; I. Vandenberghe, Auteur Année de publication : 2011 Article en page(s) : pp 126 - 144 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] cultures
[Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique)
[Termes IGN] infrastructure européenne de données localisées
[Termes IGN] INSPIRE
[Termes IGN] organisme cartographique national
[Termes IGN] théorie de l'information
[Termes IGN] Union EuropéenneRésumé : (Auteur)The paper describes how practice of INSPIRE implementation are affecting Spatial Data Infrastructure (SDI) development. It contains the results of a EuroSDR (European Spatial Data Research) project Atlas of INSPIRE implementation methods'. Aim of the project was to make an inventory of experiences when implementing INSPIRE, in order to share exemplary practices and solutions among national mapping agencies and national INSPIRE contact points. This inventory formed the basis for the generation of the prototype Atlas for all national mapping agencies, policy makers and other stakeholders who have to implement INSPIRE. For SDI research the Atlas provides empirical base material for the conceptualization of SDI implementation approaches. The analytical framework to look at INSPIRE implementation drew on two theoretical notions of how implementation actions can lead to information infrastructure development: a cultivation approach and a design approach. A qualitative data collection process, through a survey and two workshops, tested the extent to which either of the two approaches were prevalent for the INSPIRE implementation. The survey and the workshops provided primary data on INSPIRE implementation experiences of representatives from twelve European countries (Belgium, Bulgaria, Croatia, Cyprus, France, Germany, Netherlands, Poland Slovakia, Sweden, Switzerland, United Kingdom). Comparing the national experiences showed that both types of approaches of INSPIRE implementation are present the EU countries. The cultivation approach is more prevalent in countries which established SDI organizational structures outside the NMAs, and the design approach is more prevalent in countries relying solely on NMAs for INSPIRE implementation. Embedding INSPIRE implementation in national SDI activities seems furthermore to relate to cultivation approaches, consisting of a gradually flatter inter-organizational working relations, and a scaling up strategy which iteratively links the (supra)national implementation plans of INSPIRE to the local implementation plans in national and sub national organizations, and vice versa. The variety in approaches imply that a uniform, best practice, INSPIRE implementation approach for all countries does exist, but that the choices for certain practices strongly relate to the local contextual conditions and windows of opportunities. The implication of these findings for research in SDI development is that more emphasis should be placed on the mechanism of interaction between the slowly changing socio-organizational context and rapidly technologies. Numéro de notice : A2011-625 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : sans En ligne : https://ijsdir.sadl.kuleuven.be/index.php/ijsdir/article/view/208 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=33593
in International Journal of Spatial Data Infrastructures Research > vol 6 (Year 2011) . - pp 126 - 144[article]
Titre : Intensive monitoring of forest ecosystems in Europe : Technical report 2003 Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : Wim de Vries, Auteur ; G.J. Reinds, Auteur ; M. Posch, Auteur ; et al., Auteur ; Forest intensive monitoring coordinating institute, Auteur Editeur : Genève [Suisse] : United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNECE Année de publication : 2003 Importance : 162 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] azote
[Termes IGN] composition floristique
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] étalonnage des données
[Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique)
[Termes IGN] forêt
[Termes IGN] indice de diversité
[Termes IGN] ozone
[Termes IGN] placette d'échantillonnage
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] surveillance forestière
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (Auteur) Apart from an overview of the implementation of the Pan-European Intensive Monitoring Programme of Forest Ecosystems up to 2000, this year’s report focuses on (i) ozone concentration data and ozone injury symptoms assessed in a test phase, (ii) ground vegetation species composition in view of environmental factors, (iii) carbon pool changes in trees and soil in relation to nitrogen deposition and (iv) long-term impacts of atmospheric deposition on soil and soil solution chemistry by means of dynamic modelling. Major conclusions are: Ozone measurements and ozone injury impacts - Measurements of ozone concentration derived by passive sampling, used at the Intensive Monitoring plots, compare very well to those derived by active monitoring. - Validated ozone injury symptoms could be presented due to the further development of a sensitive species list, photo gallery, flow chart for injury discrimination and microscopic tools. Ground vegetation species composition in view of environmental factors - The various methods used in the first assessment, affect the possibility of integrated analyses, but most aspects have been taken up by the Expert Panel on ground vegetation. - Mean Ellenberg indicator values reflect fairly well plot environmental conditions, thus being interesting indicators of long-term changes. - The species composition at the European scale is mainly driven by climate, soils and forest types, but atmospheric (N and S) deposition has a significant impact on the variation. Carbon pools and carbon pool changes in tree stem wood and soil - On average, the estimated carbon pools in tree stem wood are approximately twice as low as in soil, but carbon pool changes in tree stem wood are generally 5-10 times as high as in soil. - Net increases in the carbon pool by forests in Europe (both trees and soil) are in the range of 0.1-0.15 Gton.yr-1, being about 50% of the estimated terrestrial carbon sink in Europe. - The contribution of N deposition to the increase in carbon in standing biomass is approximately 10-20 Mton.yr-1, being 3.5 to 7% of the annual estimated forest growth. Long-term impacts of atmospheric deposition on soil and soil solution chemistry - Application of a dynamic soil acidification model lead generally to a reasonable to good agreement between measured and simulated data for most of the Intensive Monitoring plots. Sometimes the intra-annual variation in especially nitrate and aluminium concentrations could not be reproduced. - Evaluations of emission reduction scenarios during 1970-2030 show that strong reductions in dissolved sulphate concentrations have already taken place between 1980 and 2000, due to the high reductions in sulphur emissions in that period. - Implementation of the Gothenburg protocol is predicted to lead to a significant reduction in nitrate and aluminium concentration by the year 2010, but concentrations of aluminium and their ratio to base cations do remain above critical values at several plots throughout the whole simulation period. - Changes in the soil chemistry, such as the base saturation and soil C-N ratio, are much slower than in the soil solution chemistry and for a number of plots where acid inputs remains relatively high, base saturation will still decrease in the future. Note de contenu : 1. Introduction
1.1 Background and current status of the Intensive Monitoring Programme
1.2 Aim of the report
1.3 Contents of the report
2. The Intensive Monitoring Programme
2.1 Selected plots in the various surveys
2.2 Submitted data and information until 2000
3. Ozone exposure and ozone injury symptoms at intensive monitoring plots: results from the test phase 2001
3.1 Introduction
3.2 Assessment of ambient ozone concentration by Passive Sampling
3.2.1 Materials and methods
3.2.2 Preliminary results
3.3 Assessment of visible ozone injury
3.3.1 Material and Methods
3.3.2 Preliminary Results
3.4 Possibilities for combining information on ozone exposure and ozone injury
3.5 Conclusions and recommendations
4. Ground vegetation species composition
4.1 Introduction
4.2 Sites and methods
4.2.1 Plot description and environmental parameters
4.2.2 Survey methods
4.2.3 Subplot identification
4.2.4 Species diversity indices
4.2.5 Ellenberg indicator values
4.2.6 Relationships with environmental parameters
4.3 Results and discussion
4.3.1 Methodological bias
4.3.2 Correlation between environmental variables
4.3.3 Diversity indices and Ellenberg indicators
4.3.4 Impact of environmental factors on species composition
4.4 Conclusions
5. Carbon pools and carbon pool changes at intensive monitoring plots
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Methods
5.2.1 Locations
5.2.2 Data assessment methods
5.2.3 Data evaluation methods
5.3 Results
5.3.1 Carbon pools in soils and trees in the beginning of the monitoring period
5.3.2 Carbon pool changes in trees
5.4 Discussion and conclusions
6. Impacts of nitrogen deposition on carbon sequestration by forests in Europe
6.1 Introduction
6.2 Methods
6.2.1 Methods and results related to the assessment of the terrestrial carbon sink
6.2.2 Calculation of carbon sequestration in soils at Intensive Monitoring plots
6.2.3 Extrapolation of carbon sequestration to the European forested area
6.2.4 Assessing nitrogen deposition effects on carbon sequestration by European forests
6.3 Results
6.3.1 Carbon pool changes in trees and soils at Intensive Monitoring plots
6.3.2 Carbon sequestration in soils and trees on the European scale
6.3.3 The impact of nitrogen deposition on carbon sequestration in European forests
6.4 Discussion and conclusions
7. Modelling the long-term impact of deposition scenario’s for nitrogen and acidity at intensively monitored forest plots
7.1 Introduction
7.2 Methods
7.2.1 Locations
7.2.2 Modelling approach
7.2.3 Model parameterisation and model calibration
7.2.4 Deposition scenarios used in model predictions
7.3 Results
7.3.1 Model calibration
7.3.2 Model application for the period 1970-2030
7.4 Discussion and conclusionsNuméro de notice : 22448 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Rapport Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79940 Exemplaires(1)
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22448-Intensive_monitoring_of_forest_ecosystems_in_Europe-2003.pdfAdobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Intensive monitoring of forest ecosystems in Europe : Technical report 2001 Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : Wim de Vries, Auteur ; G.J. Reinds, Auteur ; H.D. Deelstra, Auteur ; et al., Auteur ; Forest intensive monitoring coordinating institute, Auteur Editeur : Genève [Suisse] : United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNECE Année de publication : 2001 Collection : Intensive Monitoring of Forest Ecosystems in Europe, ISSN 1020-6078 Importance : 177 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] surveillance forestière
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Apart from an overview of the implementation of the Pan-European Intensive Monitoring Programme of Forest Ecosystems up to 1998, this year's report focuses on water and element fluxes through the forest ecosystem. Furthermore, first results on the assessment of species composition of the ground vegetation are presented. This year's report forms part of a series of thematic reports. Major conclusions with respect to the ground vegetation assessment are:
- Species numbers show a slight North-South gradient with increasing species numbers in the Mediterranean areas compared to the boreal forests, except for some plots in Norway and Finland. This finding is in accordance with common knowledge.
- The species diversity based on abundance weighting according to the Simpson index varied strongly within countries and there were no clear gradients over countries. High Simpson indices (high diversity) are generally associated to plots with a high number of species and very low Simpson indices (low diversity) to plots with only a few species.
Major conclusions with respect to the water and element budgets are:
- Mean yearly interception ranged from approximately 160 mm for Pine and Oak to approximately 250 mm for Beech and 300 mm for Spruce, reflecting the increasing interception capacity of those tree species. Median transpiration fluxes were rather constant among the tree species and ranged from 325 mm.yr1 for Pine to 385 mm.yr"1 for Spruce stands. This is consistent with literature data. Leaching fluxes mainly reflected the difference in precipitation on tree species. Median values increased from approximately 80 mm under Pine stands to 240 mm under Spruce stands.
- At most plots, the leaching flux of SO4 is higher than that of NO3, despite the generally lower input of S than of N, indicating that SO4 is still the dominant source of actual soil acidification. The median sulphur budget is close to zero, but at a considerable number of those sites, sulphur is released by the soil, indicating that these systems are recovering from previous episodes of high sulphate input.
- The leaching of N is generally negligible below throughfall inputs of 10 kg.ha^.yr"1. There is a significant relationship between N leaching and N deposition but no significant relationship was found with the soil C/N ratio. Nitrogen budgets show that at most sites (90%) the N input is higher then the N leaching.
- Variations in BC leaching were significantly related to the S input and the pH and base saturation. The median base cation balance is close to zero, implying a net adsorption and a net release of base cation at approximately 50% of the plots.
- The Al leaching flux was significantly related to the SO4 input, reflected by the fact that sites with a high Al leaching coincide with sites with a high input of SO4. The geographic patterns of both elements, however, did not coincide very well since soil base saturation was also significantly related to the Al leaching flux.Numéro de notice : 17103 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Rapport Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79859 Documents numériques
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Intensive monitoring of forest ecosystems in Europe : Technical report 2001Adobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Intensive monitoring of forest ecosystems in Europe : Technical report 1997 Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : Wim de Vries, Auteur ; E.M. Vel, Auteur ; G.J. Reinds, Auteur ; H.D. Deelstra, Auteur ; United Nations Economic Commission for Europe, Auteur Editeur : Genève [Suisse] : United Nations Economic Commission for Europe UNECE Année de publication : 1997 Collection : Intensive Monitoring of Forest Ecosystems in Europe, ISSN 1020-6078 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] surveillance forestièreNuméro de notice : IFN_4254 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Rapport Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=78045 Exemplaires(1)
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