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Engineering web maps with gradual content zoom based on streaming vector data / Lina Huang in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 114 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Engineering web maps with gradual content zoom based on streaming vector data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Lina Huang, Auteur ; Martijn Meijers, Auteur ; Radan Šuba, Auteur ; Peter J. M. Van Oosterom, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 274 – 293 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] données vectorielles
[Termes IGN] échelle cartographique
[Termes IGN] web mapping
[Termes IGN] zoom
[Vedettes matières IGN] GéovisualisationRésumé : (auteur) Vario-scale data structures have been designed to support gradual content zoom and the progressive transfer of vector data, for use with arbitrary map scales. The focus to date has been on the server side, especially on how to convert geographic data into the proposed vario-scale structures by means of automated generalisation. This paper contributes to the ongoing vario-scale research by focusing on the client side and communication, particularly on how this works in a web-services setting. It is claimed that these functionalities are urgently needed, as many web-based applications, both desktop and mobile, require gradual content zoom, progressive transfer and a high performance level. The web-client prototypes developed in this paper make it possible to assess the behaviour of vario-scale data and to determine how users will actually see the interactions. Several different options of web-services communication architectures are possible in a vario-scale setting. These options are analysed and tested with various web-client prototypes, with respect to functionality, ease of implementation and performance (amount of transmitted data and response times). We show that the vario-scale data structure can fit in with current web-based architectures and efforts to standardise map distribution on the internet. However, to maximise the benefits of vario-scale data, a client needs to be aware of this structure. When a client needs a map to be refined (by means of a gradual content zoom operation), only the ‘missing’ data will be requested. This data will be sent incrementally to the client from a server. In this way, the amount of data transferred at one time is reduced, shortening the transmission time. In addition to these conceptual architecture aspects, there are many implementation and tooling design decisions at play. These will also be elaborated on in this paper. Based on the experiments conducted, we conclude that the vario-scale approach indeed supports gradual content zoom and the progressive web transfer of vector data. This is a big step forward in making vector data at arbitrary map scales available to larger user groups. Numéro de notice : A2016-538 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.11.011 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.11.011 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81682
in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 114 (April 2016) . - pp 274 – 293[article]Joint analysis of GOCE gravity gradients data of gravitational potential and of gravity with seismological and geodynamic observations to infer mantle properties / Marianne Greff-Lefftz in Geophysical journal international, vol 205 n° 1 (April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Joint analysis of GOCE gravity gradients data of gravitational potential and of gravity with seismological and geodynamic observations to infer mantle properties Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marianne Greff-Lefftz, Auteur ; Laurent Métivier , Auteur ; Isabelle Panet , Auteur ; Lambert Caron, Auteur ; Gwendoline Pajot-Métivier , Auteur ; Johannes Bouman, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Projets : TOSCA / Article en page(s) : pp 257 - 283 Note générale : bibliographie
This study was supported by CNES (Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales) through the TOSCA committee and is IPGP contribution number 3701.Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes IGN] données GOCE
[Termes IGN] facteur d'échelle
[Termes IGN] gradient de gravitation
[Termes IGN] manteau terrestre
[Termes IGN] méthode de Monte-Carlo
[Termes IGN] potentiel de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes IGN] viscositéRésumé : (auteur) Joint analysis of the seismic velocities and geoid, gravity and gravity gradients are used to constrain the viscosity profile within the mantle as well as the lateral density variations. Recent ESA's Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer measurements of the second-order derivatives of the Earth's gravity potential give new possibilities to determine these mantle properties. Using a simple mantle model and seismic tomography results, we investigate how the gravitational potential, the three components of the gravity vector and the gravity gradients can bring information on the radial viscosity profile and on the mantle mass anomalies. We start with lateral density variations in the Earth's mantle based either on slab history or deduced from seismic tomography. The main uncertainties are: for the latter case, the relationship between seismic velocity and density—the so-called density/velocity scaling factor—and for the former case, the variation with depth of the density contrast between the cold slabs and the surrounding mantle. We perform a Monte Carlo search for the viscosity and the density/velocity scaling factor profiles within the mantle, which allows to fit the observed geoid, gravity and gradients of gravity. We compute the posterior probability distribution of the unknown parameters, and find that the gravity gradients improve the estimate of the scaling factor within the upper mantle, because of their sensitivity to the masses within the upper mantle, whereas the geoid and the gravity better constrain the scaling factor in the lower mantle. In the upper mantle, it is less than 0.02 in the upper part and about 0.08–0.14 in the lower part, and it is significantly larger for depths greater than 1200 km (about 0.32–0.34). In any case, the density/velocity scaling factor between 670 and 1150 km depth is not well constrained. We show that the viscosity of the upper part of the mantle is strongly correlated with the viscosity of the lower part of the mantle and that the viscosity profile is characterized by a decrease in the lower part of the upper mantle (about 1020–2 × 1020 Pa s) and by an increase (about 1023–2 × 1023 Pa s) at the top of the lower mantle (between 670 and 1150 km). The viscosity of the mantle below 1150 km depth is well estimated in our Monte Carlo search and is about 1022–4 × 1022 Pa s. Numéro de notice : A2016--192 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG LAREG+Ext (2012-mi2018) Autre URL associée : vers HAL Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1093/gji/ggw002 Date de publication en ligne : 16/02/2016 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw002 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91843
in Geophysical journal international > vol 205 n° 1 (April 2016) . - pp 257 - 283[article]Modelling the spatial evolution of map objects by map agents / Shen Ying in Geocarto international, vol 31 n° 3 - 4 (March - April 2016)
[article]
Titre : Modelling the spatial evolution of map objects by map agents Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Shen Ying, Auteur ; Wan Wen, Auteur ; Yuan Wan, Auteur ; XinQiao Duan, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 408 - 427 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] agent (intelligence artificielle)
[Termes IGN] connexité (topologie)
[Termes IGN] échelle cartographique
[Termes IGN] modèle orienté agent
[Termes IGN] objet cartographique
[Termes IGN] représentation multiple
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationRésumé : (Auteur) To overcome the weakness of modelling the relationships between map objects that represent the same geographic entities or phenomena at different times and scales, an agent-based approach is presented to modelling of the spatial evolution of map objects for better understanding of the evolutional process of different maps. Map agents are used to establish and manage the many-to-many corresponding relationships between map objects, and they render map objects active rather than traditionally passive. The evolutions of map objects are modelled by map agents using association and generation relationships to model the connectivity between map objects. This effort reduces the workload of multi-scale map updating by avoiding update of the entire map; instead, it simply allows map agents to detect, perceive and choose suitable behaviours on which to operate and update a spatially evolving object. Experiments of specific examples are presented to demonstrate the feasibility and the effectiveness of our approach. Numéro de notice : A2016-156 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106049.2015.1054440 Date de publication en ligne : 25/06/2015 En ligne : http://www.tandfonline.com/doi/full/10.1080/10106049.2015.1054440 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80398
in Geocarto international > vol 31 n° 3 - 4 (March - April 2016) . - pp 408 - 427[article]Réservation
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Titre : Crowd-sourced reconstruction of building interiors Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Michael Peter, Auteur ; Dieter Fritsch, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften Année de publication : 2016 Collection : DGK - C, ISSN 0065-5325 num. 768 Importance : 147 p. ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-7696-5180-5 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Allemand (ger) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques
[Termes IGN] carte d'intérieur
[Termes IGN] cartographie collaborative
[Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles
[Termes IGN] échelle cartographique
[Termes IGN] image binaire
[Termes IGN] modélisation 2D
[Termes IGN] modélisation 3D du bâti BIM
[Termes IGN] navigation à l'estime
[Termes IGN] numérisation de carte
[Termes IGN] plan incendie
[Termes IGN] positionnement en intérieur
[Termes IGN] segmentation binaire
[Termes IGN] squelettisation
[Termes IGN] trace GPSRésumé : (auteur) Location-based services (LBS) have gained huge commercial and scientific interest in recent years, due to the ubiquitous and free availability of maps, global positioning systems, and smartphones. To date, maps and positioning solutions are mostly only available for outdoor use. However, humans spend most of their time indoors, rendering indoor LBS interesting for applications such as location-based advertisement, customer tracking and customer flow analysis. Neither of the two prerequisites for indoor LBS - a map of the user's environment and a positioning system - is currently generally available: Most positioning methods currently under scientific investigation are based either on fingerprint maps of electro-magnetic signals (e.g. WiFi) or inertial measurement units. To overcome the flaws of these methods, they are often supported by models for the human movement which in turn rely on indoor maps. Ready-made maps, on the other hand, are generally unavailable due to indoor mapping being mostly manual, expensive and tedious. The vast amount of unmapped indoor space therefore calls for the transfer of methods used by Volunteered Geographic Information (VGI) communities like OpenStreetMap to indoor mapping. These methods comprise the digitization of features of interest such as building outlines from aerial images released to the community and the use of position traces. In this thesis, approaches are illustrated which can serve to enable this transfer. On the one hand, the thesis shows how photographs of evacuation plans - which are a compulsory part of the safety equipment of publicly used buildings in many countries - can substitute for the aerial images in the indoor domain. Due to the standardised nature of such plans, the manual digitization employed by VGI mappers in the outdoor domain can be replaced by an automatic reverse-engineering pipeline. To this end, the image is pre-processed and symbols, which depict evacuation routes or emergency equipment, are detected. Subsequently, foreground objects (i.e. walls) are distinguished from the background using an adequate binarisation operation. Based on the binary image, the sought-after vector information can be extracted by skeletonisation and skeleton tracing. The model is finalised by a bridging operation of the previously detected symbols which occlude parts of walls or stairs. As the model resulting from these operations is only available in a coordinate system defined by the original image, the transformation to a world-coordinate system or, at least, the unknown scale has to be determined. To this end, the indoor model is matched to an available model of the building's external shell. By detection of stairs, an approximate floor height can be computed and the 2D model is extruded to a 3D model. On the other hand, geometric features and semantic annotations may be added to existing models using pedestrian traces recorded by an indoor positioning system. As suitable generally available and low-cost systems do not exist yet, their existence is simulated in this work by a dead-reckoning system basing on a foot-mounted inertial measurement system. Methods for the derivation of the initial position and orientation necessary for the application of such a system are shown, as well as methods enabling the correction of remaining errors. The latter comprise an alignment approach using the external building shell and a map-matching method which employs the existing coarse model derived from the evacuation plan. Building on the collected pedestrian traces, semi-automatic and automatic approaches for the existing models' semantic and geometric refinement are presented which range from semantic annotation using the analysis of photographed doorplates to automatic door reconstruction. Furthermore, a geometric update of single rooms by conjoint analysis of the coarse model, pedestrian traces and a hand-held low-cost range camera is described. Lastly, works of indoor mapping are presented which are based on pedestrian traces and higher-level knowledge about the interior structure of the building modelled in an indoor grammar. Due to the differing characteristics of the two central elements of building interiors, corridors and rooms, the grammar is composed of a Lindenmayer system modelling the floor's corridor system and a split grammar describing the room layout which is found in the non-corridor spaces. The grammar is put to the test by applying it to distributedly collected noisy trace data. Numéro de notice : 19790 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : PhD Dissertation : Photogrammetry : Stuttgart : 2016 nature-HAL : Thèse DOI : 10.18419/opus-8729 En ligne : http://doi.org/10.18419/opus-8729 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=85009
Titre : Réalisation d'une carte au 1:100.000 de l'Île Maurice : Acquisition, mise en forme, qualifications des données, rédaction et édition de la carte Type de document : Mémoire Auteurs : Romain Hébert, Auteur Editeur : Paris : Université de Paris 1 Panthéon Sorbonne Année de publication : 2016 Importance : 36 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Rédaction cartographique
[Termes IGN] 1:100.000
[Termes IGN] ArcGIS
[Termes IGN] carte topographique
[Termes IGN] Illustrator
[Termes IGN] logiciel de dessin
[Termes IGN] Maurice
[Termes IGN] Photoshop
[Termes IGN] placement des écritures
[Termes IGN] produit forestier
[Termes IGN] qualité des donnéesIndex. décimale : LPGE Mémoires de Licence professionnelle géomatique et environnement Résumé : (Auteur) J'ai effectué mon stage de License professionnelle « Géomatique et environnement » au sein de l’équipe produit du Service de la Cartographie de l'Institut National de l'Information Géographique et Forestière (IGN) à Saint-Mandé (94). L'objectif de ce stage a été de réaliser la carte au 1:100.000ème de l'île Maurice car la dernière carte éditée par l’IGN date de 2001. Cette carte a été commanditée par le Service des études et du marketing de l’IGN et l’île Maurice. Durant ce stage, qui fait suite à un projet tutoré, j'ai eu à traiter des données déjà existantes, fournies par un interlocuteur mauricien, ainsi qu'à en créer de nouvelles pour concevoir cette carte. Lors de ce stage, il a fallu faire face à des problèmes de qualité de données ainsi que faire des choix cartographiques. Tout ce travail a été effectué avec le logiciel de SIG ArcGIS ainsi que les logiciels de DAO Photoshop et Illustrator de la suite Adobe. Note de contenu : Introduction
1. Traitement des données existantes
1.2. Entités surfaciques
1.3. Entités linéaires
1.4. Entités ponctuelles
2. Création de données
2.1. Toponymie
2.2. Entités surfaciques
2.3. Entités ponctuelles
2.4. Courbes de niveaux & ombrages
2.5. Kilométrage du réseau routier
3. Placement des écritures
4. Travail restant à effectuer
ConclusionNuméro de notice : 22571 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Mémoire licence Organisme de stage : Service de la Cartographie (IGN) Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82358 Réservation
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