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14 years of GPS tropospheric delays in the French–Italian border region : comparisons and first application in a case study / Domenico Sguerso in Applied geomatics, vol 8 n° 1 (March 2016)
[article]
Titre : 14 years of GPS tropospheric delays in the French–Italian border region : comparisons and first application in a case study Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Domenico Sguerso, Auteur ; Laurent Labbouz, Auteur ; Andrea Walpersdorf, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 13 - 25 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Alpes
[Termes IGN] coordonnées GNSS
[Termes IGN] données météorologiques
[Termes IGN] France (administrative)
[Termes IGN] GAMIT
[Termes IGN] Italie
[Termes IGN] RENAG
[Termes IGN] réseau géodésique permanent
[Termes IGN] retard troposphérique
[Termes IGN] retard troposphérique zénithal
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] teneur intégrée en vapeur d'eau
[Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement de données GNSSRésumé : (Auteur) Global Positioning System (GPS) data from 181 permanent stations extracted from different networks covering France and the Italian part of the Alps are used to estimate a homogeneous set of tropospheric parameters over 14 years (from January 1998 to May 2012). The tropospheric Zenith Total Delay (ZTD) quantified in the GPS data analysis is closely related to the value of integrated water vapor above each GPS station. GPS ZTD is already successfully used for operational weather prediction and meteorological analyses, providing valuable data to improve our comprehension of the tropospheric water cycle and in particular to improve the prediction of precipitations. Moreover, GPS tropospheric measurements are intrinsically stable, so that long-term observations represent a signi``ficant contribution to climatological studies. The results of a homogeneous reanalysis of up to 14 years of data with MIT’s GAMIT/GLOBK software are presented. The estimated tropospheric parameters are one ZTD every 2 h and one couple of horizontal tropospheric gradients, seven times a day for each station, simultaneously with a daily positioning solution. A quality check of the tropospheric parameter time series identifies offsets, for example, due to instrument changes at individual sites. Our analysis strategy using the empirical GMF is validated by a comparison with the new GPT2 model. Moreover, a comparison with the IGS analysis of 1 year is provided for common stations. The resulting verified time series can be used for meteorological and climatological studies. As first examples, we present a convergence test for the ZTD change in time and a regional climatological approach that could permit identifying specific patterns of ZTD variation that are related to severe weather events. The 181 ZTD and gradient time series are made available in the Reseau National GPS permanent (RENAG) database. Numéro de notice : A2016--056 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s12518-015-0158-z En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s12518-015-0158-z Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=84204
in Applied geomatics > vol 8 n° 1 (March 2016) . - pp 13 - 25[article]Correction of terrestrial LiDAR intensity channel using Oren–Nayar reflectance model: An application to lithological differentiation / Dario Carrea in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 113 (March 2016)
[article]
Titre : Correction of terrestrial LiDAR intensity channel using Oren–Nayar reflectance model: An application to lithological differentiation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Dario Carrea, Auteur ; Antonio Abellan, Auteur ; Florian Humair, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 17 - 29 Note générale : bibliothèque Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] angle d'incidence
[Termes IGN] correction d'image
[Termes IGN] distance euclidienne
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] réflectance du sol
[Termes IGN] semis de points
[Termes IGN] télémétrie laser terrestre
[Termes IGN] test de performanceRésumé : (auteur) Ground-based LiDAR has been traditionally used for surveying purposes via 3D point clouds. In addition to XYZ coordinates, an intensity value is also recorded by LiDAR devices. The intensity of the backscattered signal can be a significant source of information for various applications in geosciences.
Previous attempts to account for the scattering of the laser signal are usually modelled using a perfect diffuse reflection. Nevertheless, experience on natural outcrops shows that rock surfaces do not behave as perfect diffuse reflectors. The geometry (or relief) of the scanned surfaces plays a major role in the recorded intensity values.
Our study proposes a new terrestrial LiDAR intensity correction, which takes into consideration the range, the incidence angle and the geometry of the scanned surfaces. The proposed correction equation combines the classical radar equation for LiDAR with the bidirectional reflectance distribution function of the Oren–Nayar model. It is based on the idea that the surface geometry can be modelled by a relief of multiple micro-facets. This model is constrained by only one tuning parameter: the standard deviation of the slope angle distribution (σslope) of micro-facets.
Firstly, a series of tests have been carried out in laboratory conditions on a 2 m2 board covered by black/white matte paper (perfect diffuse reflector) and scanned at different ranges and incidence angles. Secondly, other tests were carried out on rock blocks of different lithologies and surface conditions. Those tests demonstrated that the non-perfect diffuse reflectance of rock surfaces can be practically handled by the proposed correction method.
Finally, the intensity correction method was applied to a real case study, with two scans of the carbonate rock outcrop of the Dents-du-Midi (Swiss Alps), to improve the lithological identification for geological mapping purposes. After correction, the intensity values are proportional to the intrinsic material reflectance and are independent from range, incidence angle and scanned surface geometry. The corrected intensity values significantly improve the material differentiation.Numéro de notice : A2016-532 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.12.004 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2015.12.004 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81616
in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 113 (March 2016) . - pp 17 - 29[article]Determination of differential code biases with multi-GNSS observations / Ningbo Wang in Journal of geodesy, vol 90 n° 3 (March 2016)
[article]
Titre : Determination of differential code biases with multi-GNSS observations Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ningbo Wang, Auteur ; Yunbin Yuan, Auteur ; Zishen Li, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 209 - 228 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] code GNSS
[Termes IGN] erreur systématique
[Termes IGN] estimation de précision
[Termes IGN] retard ionosphèrique
[Termes IGN] teneur totale en électrons
[Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement de données GNSSRésumé : (auteur) In order to better understand the differential code biases (DCBs) of global navigation satellite system, the IGGDCB method is extended to estimate the intra- and inter-frequency biases of the global positioning system (GPS), GLONASS, BeiDou navigation satellite system (BDS), and Galileo based on observations collected by the multi-GNSS experiment (MGEX) of the international GNSS service (IGS). In the approach of IGGDCB, the local ionospheric total electronic content is modeled with generalized triangular series (GTS) function rather than using a global ionosphere model or a priori ionospheric information. The DCB estimated by the IGGDCB method is compared with the DCB products from the Center for Orbit Determination in Europe (CODE) and German Aerospace Center (DLR), as well as the broadcast timing group delay (TGD) parameters over a 2-year span (2013 and 2014). The results indicate that GPS and GLONASS intra-frequency biases obtained in this work show the same precision levels as those estimated by DLR (about 0.1 and 0.2–0.4 ns for the two constellations, respectively, with respect to the products of CODE). The precision levels of IGGDCB-based inter-frequency biases estimated over the 24-month period are about 0.29 ns for GPS, 0.56 ns for GLONASS, 0.36 ns for BDS, and 0.24 ns for Galileo, respectively. Here, the accuracies of GPS and GLONASS biases are assessed relative to the products of CODE, while those of BDS and Galileo are compared with the estimates of DLR. In addition, the monthly stability indices of IGGDCB-based DCBs are 0.11 (GPS), 0.18 (GLONASS), 0.17 (BDS), and 0.14 (Galileo) ns for the individual constellation. Numéro de notice : A2016-246 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-015-0867-4 Date de publication en ligne : 11/11/2015 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-015-0867-4 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80752
in Journal of geodesy > vol 90 n° 3 (March 2016) . - pp 209 - 228[article]Effect of tree location on mitigating parking lot insolation / Ivana Bajsanski in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 56 (March 2016)
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Titre : Effect of tree location on mitigating parking lot insolation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ivana Bajsanski, Auteur ; Vesna Stojakovic, Auteur ; Marko Jovanovic, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 59 - 67 Note générale : bibloiographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] effet d'ombre
[Termes IGN] ensoleillement
[Termes IGN] optimisation (mathématiques)
[Termes IGN] parking
[Termes IGN] urbanisme
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Urban land used for parking lots can contribute to the effect of overheating, whereas vegetation, especially high growth vegetation (trees), can mitigate this effect. Accordingly, in this paper we propose an algorithm, the inputs to which consist of predetermined parameters of a parking lot's geometry, trees and surrounding buildings, where the shadows help to mitigate the heat. The algorithm optimizes tree locations, aiming to provide maximum overshadowing of the parking lots, while leaving the useable parking area and the parking lot shape intact. The paper focuses on parameterization of elements that are important for this analysis process as well as combinatory calculations. These combinatory calculations are based on solar simulations, which are carried out, and take into account climate and geographical data. The algorithm is applied to several cases, depicting real world examples, as well as those based on design and greening instruction manuals. The results indicate that the tree locations estimated by the algorithm increase parking lot overshadowing, indicating that the algorithm efficiently decreases the negative influence of urban overheating. Numéro de notice : A2016-393 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2015.11.006 Date de publication en ligne : 01/12/2015 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2015.11.006 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81210
in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 56 (March 2016) . - pp 59 - 67[article]Noise simulation and correction in synthetic airborne TIR Data for mineral quantification / Christoph Hecker in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 54 n° 3 (March 2016)
[article]
Titre : Noise simulation and correction in synthetic airborne TIR Data for mineral quantification Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Christoph Hecker, Auteur ; Dean Riley, Auteur ; Mark Van Der Meijde, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 1545 - 1553 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] erreur systématique
[Termes IGN] image aérienne
[Termes IGN] image hyperspectrale
[Termes IGN] image thermique
[Termes IGN] prospection minérale
[Termes IGN] quartz
[Termes IGN] rapport signal sur bruit
[Termes IGN] rayonnement infrarouge thermique
[Termes IGN] régression
[Termes IGN] simulationRésumé : (Auteur) Rock-forming minerals (such as feldspar and quartz) can be identified and quantified from thermal infrared (TIR) laboratory spectroscopy using spectral models. This paper uses synthetic airborne TIR spectra to test whether the hyperspectral Spatially Enhanced Broadband Array Spectrograph System (SEBASS) would theoretically be able to detect quartz and feldspar minerals and quantitatively predict mineral modes in felsic igneous rocks. Data from a previous laboratory study were used to simulate TIR spectra with band locations and noise levels of the SEBASS sensor. The quantitative partial least squares regression (PLSR) models from that study were applied to newly created synthetic SEBASS data, and results were compared with the predictions from the previous study. Predicted compositions based on SEBASS band positions are nearly identical (ρ = 0.995) to those based on laboratory resolution. Results are still reliable [prediction errors within 0.4% (absolute)] to the original laboratory PLSR predictions when adding up to 1% noise (about five times the SEBASS noise level) to the synthetic data. Prediction errors rapidly increase when noise levels beyond 1% are used. These results show that SEBASS' spectral resolution, spectral coverage, and signal-to-noise levels are sufficient to quantitatively predict quartz and feldspar amounts, and feldspar compositions with models based on PLSR. Spectral distortions, such as reduced spectral contrast, tilts, and vertical shifts, must be compensated for before these quantitative models are applied. A mean and standard deviation (MASD) normalization is proposed using a set of ground data for compensating systematic errors that are common to all image pixels. Numéro de notice : A2016-124 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1109/TGRS.2015.2482386 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2015.2482386 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80005
in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing > vol 54 n° 3 (March 2016) . - pp 1545 - 1553[article]Réservation
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