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Effects of drought and heat on forest insect populations in relation to the 2003 drought in Western Europe / Gaëlle Rouault in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)
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Titre : Effects of drought and heat on forest insect populations in relation to the 2003 drought in Western Europe Titre original : Effet de la sécheresse et de la canicule de 2003 sur les populations d'insectes ravageurs forestiers en Europe centrale et occidentale Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Gaëlle Rouault, Auteur ; Jean-Noël Candau, Auteur ; François Lieutier, Auteur ; Louis-Michel Nageleisen, Auteur ; Jean-Claude Martin, Auteur ; Nathalie Warzée, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 613 - 624 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation
[Termes IGN] Europe centrale
[Termes IGN] Europe occidentale
[Termes IGN] insecte nuisible
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] stress hydrique
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (Auteur) Although drought affects directly tree physiology and growth, the impact of secondary factors (insect pests, pathogens and fire) is often greater than the impact of the original stress and can lead to important tree mortality. In 2003, Western and Central Europe experienced a drought and heat waves that led to extensive forest damage. This paper reports on the impacts of drought and high temperatures on forest insect populations in the context of this exceptional event. Observations of changes in population levels of the main European forest insect pests during and after the drought are presented and discussed in the light of current knowledge and theories of interactions between drought and insects. We investigated the direct effects of drought on life history traits and indirect effects through physiological changes experienced by host trees. Forest pest insects were separated in 4 feeding guilds: woodborers, leaf-chewers, leaf-miners and leaf-suckers. The impact of water stress varied according to feeding guilds. Woodborers were positively influenced by prolonged water stress and the decline of host resistance. In contrast, defoliators profited better from the increased nitrogen in plant tissues linked to moderate or intermittent water stress. Field observations showed the importance of the soil water status in tree resistance against pest attacks. Thus, the 2003 drought confirmed observations from earlier droughts that, is case of bad choice of tree species in some plantations, site matching becomes a prominent and primary cause of the development of pest outbreaks. This exceptional drought may give us some indication of the impacts of extreme climatic events. However, observations of the performance at the individual level were not sufficient for predicting long-term insect population dynamics, which depends on complex interactions between biotic and abiotic factors. Numéro de notice : A2006-668 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006044 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006044 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72725
in Annals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 613 - 624[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité IFN-001-P000644 PER Revue Nogent-sur-Vernisson Archives périodiques Exclu du prêt Elaboration d'un modèle prédictif des risques de transmission paludique / Roland Ngom in Géomatique expert, n° 52 (01/09/2006)
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Titre : Elaboration d'un modèle prédictif des risques de transmission paludique Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Roland Ngom, Auteur ; Alexander Siegmund, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 54 - 65 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] Afrique occidentale
[Termes IGN] Burkina Faso
[Termes IGN] carte d'occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] carte pédologique
[Termes IGN] données de terrain
[Termes IGN] données GPS
[Termes IGN] données météorologiques
[Termes IGN] épidémie
[Termes IGN] flore locale
[Termes IGN] image Landsat-ETM+
[Termes IGN] maladie parasitaire
[Termes IGN] maladie tropicale
[Termes IGN] modèle statistique
[Termes IGN] risque sanitaire
[Termes IGN] surveillance écologiqueRésumé : (Auteur) La prédiction des maladies vectorielles est une préoc-cupation qui prend de plus en plus de l'importance dans la réflexion générale entrant dans le cadre des méthodes de lutte contre les endémies dans le tiers monde et particulièrement en Afrique subsaharienne. L'un des freins à une étude fondamentale efficace dédiée à une application terrain est souvent l'absence d'outils scientifiques adéquats. Le projet GeoMedIS (GeoMedical Information System) Burkina a la particularité de bénéficier à la fois d'outils et de ressources humai-nes adaptés. La problématique se résume à construire un modèle statistique et spatial basé sur des facteurs environnementaux et capable de prédire le risque de transmission du paludisme. De traduire ensuite ce modèle sous la forme d'un module SIC dédié à la zone étudiée. De la télédétection aux mesures de terrain, les outils utilisés illustrent la variété de la nature des variables introduites dans le modèle. En effet l'un des enjeux scientifiques de l'étude consiste à tester l'hypothèse de l'effet de facteurs écologiques multivariés sur les risques de transmission. Sortant ainsi du schéma classique habituel de la prédiction au travers des seuls facteurs météorologiques. Copyright CiMax Numéro de notice : A2006-400 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=28124
in Géomatique expert > n° 52 (01/09/2006) . - pp 54 - 65[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 265-06051 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Heat and drought 2003 in Europe: a climate synthesis / Martine Rebetez in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)
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Titre : Heat and drought 2003 in Europe: a climate synthesis Titre original : La chaleur et la sécheresse 2003 : une synthèse climatique Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Martine Rebetez, Auteur ; Helmut Mayer, Auteur ; Olivier Dupont, Auteur ; Dirk Schindler, Auteur ; Karl Gartner, Auteur ; Jürgen P. Kropp, Auteur ; Anette Menzel, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp. 569 - 577 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] évapotranspiration
[Termes IGN] précipitation
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] surveillance météorologique
[Termes IGN] température
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Heat and drought were extreme in summer 2003 in Europe. Climatic data show that most extreme were maximum air temperatures in June and August; maps of these two months show a striking similarity in geographical range. Over wide regions, monthly mean temperatures were more than 4 °C above the long term mean values. The heat lasted from May to September in large parts of western and central Europe. The lack of precipitation was most severe in summer 2003 but precipitation was generally below normal from February 2003 until June 2004 (with the exception of two months). Sunshine duration was above normal, particularly in regions which usually have rainy and cloudy episodes in summer, and relative air humidity was below normal during the whole year of 2003. The drought experienced by the vegetation in summer 2003 was exacerbated by the length of the period with scarce precipitation and humidity, by the heat during the summer and by long sunshine duration. Numéro de notice : A2006-666 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006043 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006043 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72706
in Annals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - pp. 569 - 577[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité IFN-001-P000644 PER Revue Nogent-sur-Vernisson Archives périodiques Exclu du prêt Impact of summer drought on forest biodiversity: what do we know? / Frédéric Archaux in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)
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Titre : Impact of summer drought on forest biodiversity: what do we know? Titre original : Impact de la sécheresse estivale sur la biodiversité forestière : que savons-nous ? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Frédéric Archaux, Auteur ; Volkmar Wolters, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 645 - 652 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] biodiversité
[Termes IGN] écologie forestière
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (Auteur) To date, very few studies have assessed the impact of summer droughts on forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Decreased ecosystem productivity and increased mortality are general consequences of drought on biodiversity. Competitive species, species adapted to cold and wet conditions as well as species with low reproduction rates and/or limited mobility seem the more affected. However, species-specific effects are regulated by mechanisms allowing for resistance to drought. The short-term consequences of drought on biodiversity depend on species abilities to resist, and to recover after, drought, and on competitive interactions between species. Although the abundance of many species generally decreases during drought, some taxa may increase in number during drought or shortly after. The effects of recurrent droughts must be evaluated in the wider context of global climate and habitat change. Considering the predicted increase in drought frequency and intensity, interdisciplinary research initiatives on this issue are needed urgently. Numéro de notice : A2006-670 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006041 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006041 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72727
in Annals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 645 - 652[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité IFN-001-P000644 PER Revue Nogent-sur-Vernisson Archives périodiques Exclu du prêt Interactive effects of drought and pathogens in forest trees / Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)
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Titre : Interactive effects of drought and pathogens in forest trees Titre original : Interactions entre sécheresse et agents pathogènes chez les arbres forestiers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Auteur ; Benoît Marçais, Auteur ; Louis-Michel Nageleisen, Auteur ; Dominique Piou, Auteur ; Andrea Vannini, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 597 - 612 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dépérissement
[Termes IGN] forêt
[Termes IGN] maladie phytosanitaire
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] stress hydrique
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (Auteur) This review synthesizes the available knowledge on drought-disease interactions in forest trees with a focus on (1) evidence and patterns of drought-disease interactions, (2) current understanding of processes and mechanisms, and (3) three well documented cases studies. The first part is based on the analysis of a database of slightly more than one hundred studies, obtained by keyword searches combining drought, diseases or pathogens, and forest trees. A large majority of published studies referred to a positive association between drought and disease, i.e. disease favoured by drought or drought and disease acting synergistically on tree health status, with a predominance of canker/dieback diseases, caused by pathogens like Botryosphaeria, Sphaeropsis, Cytospora and Biscognauxia (Hypoxylon). The type of disease-related variables (incidence vs. severity) and the intensity and timing of water stress were shown to be significant factors affecting the drought- infection interaction. Interactions with other abiotic stresses and species-specific and genetic effects, related to host or pathogen, have also been reported. Direct effects of drought on pathogens are generally negative, although most fungal pathogens exhibit an important plasticity and can grow at water potentials well below the minimum for growth of their host plants. Studies on indirect effects of drought on pathogens through other community interactions are still relatively scarce. Positive drought-infection effects can mostly be explained by indirect effects of drought on host physiology. The predisposition and the multiple stress hypotheses are presented, as well as recent developments in the study of the molecular basis of abiotic and biotic stress, and their interactions. Sphaeropsis sapinea on pines, Biscognauxia mediterranea on oaks and root pathogens in declines associated with drought provide illustrative examples, treated as case studies, of pathogens of current significance associated with drought. The conclusion highlights some knowledge gaps, e.g. the role of latent parasites and the shift to a pathogenic stage, or the genetics of some fungal groups. The need for prevention of pathogen dispersal, especially crucial in the case of latent pathogens, is emphasized. Numéro de notice : A2006-667 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006040 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006040 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72724
in Annals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 597 - 612[article]Exemplaires(1)
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