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Expert systems and Geographic Information Systems for impact assessment / A. Rodriguez-Bachiller (2004)
Titre : Expert systems and Geographic Information Systems for impact assessment Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : A. Rodriguez-Bachiller, Auteur Editeur : Londres : Taylor & Francis Année de publication : 2004 Importance : 399 p. Format : 15 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-0-415-30725-3 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] atmosphère terrestre
[Termes IGN] bruit (audition)
[Termes IGN] eau
[Termes IGN] écologie
[Termes IGN] environnement
[Termes IGN] étude d'impact
[Termes IGN] impact sur l'environnement
[Termes IGN] pollution
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] système expertRésumé : (Editeur) This book is becoming part of an increasing number of development proposals in the UK and Europe. As the practice of Impact Assessment develops, it is becoming more standardised and good practice is starting to be defined. However, its quality is still far from satisfactory. Expert Systems and Geographic information Systems for Impact Assessment discusses the potential for integrating these two well known computer technologies to help with the process of Impact Assessment. The proposition behind the work is that all three areas are potentially complementary and that mutual benefits can be gained from bringing them together in the field of planning. Following an introduction to each area, the various ways in which GIS and Expert Systems can be applied are discussed. Note de contenu : PART I - GIS AND EXPERT SYSTEMS FOR IMPACT ASSESSMENT
1 The potential of expert systems and GIS for impact assessment
2 Expert systems and decision support
3 GIS and impact assessment
4 GIS and environmental management
5 GIS and expert systems for impact assessment
PART II - BUILDING EXPERT SYSTEMS (WITH AND WITHOUT GIS) FOR IMPACT ASSESSMENT
6 Project screening and scoping
7 Hard-modelled impacts: air and noise
8 Soft-modelled impacts: terrestrial ecology and landscape
9 Socio-economic and traffic impacts
10 Water impacts
11 Reviewing environmental impact statements
12 Conclusions: the limits of GIS and expert systems for impact assessmentNuméro de notice : 18848 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=55489 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 18848-01 37.30 Livre Centre de documentation Géomatique Disponible
Titre : Exploration et utilisation d'ArcSDE Type de document : Mémoire Auteurs : V. Bonnetain, Auteur Editeur : Paris : Université de Paris 6 Pierre et Marie Curie Année de publication : 2004 Importance : 51 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie
[Mémoire de stage], DESS AIST Application de l'informatique aux sciences de la TerreLangues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] arbre quadratique
[Termes IGN] arbre-R
[Termes IGN] ArcSDE
[Termes IGN] ArcView
[Termes IGN] avalanche
[Termes IGN] base de données localisées
[Termes IGN] cartographie thématique
[Termes IGN] indexation spatiale
[Termes IGN] modèle orienté objet
[Termes IGN] Oracle spatial
[Termes IGN] structure de données localisées
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueIndex. décimale : MIASIG DESS AIST et du master Informatique appliquée aux SIG jusqu'en 2014 Résumé : (Documentaliste) Le CEMAGREF au sein duquel le stage est effectué est brièvement présenté. En France, coexistent deux bases de données sur les avalanches. Pour en tirer un meilleur parti, l'organisme veut voir créer un lien permanent entre ces deux bases, au sein d'une base unique. Le rapport explique le choix du type de lien, l'utilisation d'ArcSDE dans la structuration des données, la préparation des données avant migration et la validation de la nouvelle structure. Note de contenu : I. INTRODUCTION
II. Le CEMAGREF
1. Présentation
2. Quelques chiffres
3. Le Cemagref de Grenoble
4. Unité de recherche ETNA
III. LES AVALANCHES
1. L'avalanche de neige pulvérulente
2. L'avalanche de neige humide
3. L'avalanche de plaques
IV. MISE EN SITUATION
V. LES BASES CLPA ET EPA
1. Les données CLPA
2.Les données EPA
VI ORACLE SPATIAL
1. Présentation
2. Apports du modèle objet
3. Les composants d'Oracle Spatial
4. Le stockage des données spatiales
5. L'indexation des données
- Principes des deux types d'indexation - Vues permettant de visualiser les informations des index - Comparaison du R-tree et du Quad-tree
VI ARCSDE: LE SERVEUR DE DONNEES SPATIALES
1. Présentation
2. Stockage des données avec AreSDE
3. Organisation des " objets " géographiques
4. Le stockage des géométries
VIII. TRAVAIL EFFECTUE
1. Introduction
2. La structuration sous AreSDE
3. La préparation des données
- Mise sous forme de régions - Les routes
4. Accès et modification des données
- Accès aux moches SDE avec ArcView 8.2 - Accès am couches SDE avec ArcPlot - La relation avec les données textuelles
5. Modification des couches
IX CONCLUSIONNuméro de notice : 18867 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Mémoire masters divers Organisme de stage : CEMAGREF Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=50973 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 18867-01 MIASIG Livre Centre de documentation En réserve Mezzanine Disponible GPS based determination of the integrated and spatially distributed water vapor in the troposphere / Marc Troller (2004)
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Titre : GPS based determination of the integrated and spatially distributed water vapor in the troposphere Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Marc Troller, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Schweizerischen Geodatischen Kommission / Commission Géodésique Suisse Année de publication : 2004 Collection : Geodätisch-Geophysikalische Arbeiten in der Schweiz, ISSN 0257-1722 num. 67 Importance : 172 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-908440-10-9 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] correction troposphérique
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] modèle atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS
[Termes IGN] propagation troposphérique
[Termes IGN] Suisse
[Termes IGN] teneur en vapeur d'eau
[Termes IGN] tomographie
[Termes IGN] traitement du signal
[Termes IGN] troposphère
[Termes IGN] vapeur d'eauIndex. décimale : 30.84 Applications de géodésie spatiale à l'atmosphère Résumé : (Auteur) Climate change and global warming have become a major challenge for the sustainable development of our Earth and its environment. Intensive research is carried out to understand atmospheric processes and their implications. In this content, water vapor plays a key role. It is an important component of the global energy balance and is involved in many chemical reactions. In microwave measurements, the tropospheric refractivity causes a delay in the arrival of the signal propagating through the atmosphere. This refraction effect is one of the limiting factors in accurate GPS positioning. The tropospheric path delay can be decomposed into a dry and wet part, where the latter part is coupled with the integrated precipitable water vapor above the GPS receiver.
On the one hand, the refraction effect has to be corrected for GPS measurements, on the other hand, it is a valuable signal to determine the spatial distribution of the water vapor. This study investigates both aspects. For the first part, two basic approaches are looked into: One method is based on meteorological measurements. Thereby, the integrated amount of water vapor and its temporal variation are the prime target. The other concept makes use of long-term GPS measurements. The arrival delay of the GPS signals are used, to estimate the integrated amount of water vapor. This result can then be the basis to determine its spatial distribution and temporal behavior. The investigation is based on a tomographic approach and forms the main content of part 2 of this work.
In part 1, an extension of the software package COMEDIE is developed and applied to determine tropospheric path delays. COMEDIE allows a four-dimensional modeling (in space and time) of the meteorological parameters air pressure, temperature and water vapor pressure using a collocation approach. Integrating the meteorological parameters, tropospheric path delays are obtained. Evaluations and comparisons in Switzerland show the performance of this method. An overall good agreement was achieved compared to GPS-estimated path delays. The accuracy depends on the season, and is in the range of 1-2 cm for the tropospheric path delay.
Continuous GPS measurements allow to estimate tropospheric path delays in the GPS processing. In a second approach of part 1, a method based on such GPS-estimated path delays is developed. It uses - like COMEDIE - a four-dimensional model and a collocation adjustment to estimate tropospheric path delays at desired locations. Evaluations are carried out in the area of Switzerland using the permanent GPS network AGNES. Long-term time series of cross-correlations are analyzed. An accuracy of 0.5 - 1.5 cm is obtained.
To resolve the GPS-estimated water vapor in the vertical, a tomographic approach is investigated in part 2 of this study. It is based on the assimilation of GPS double-difference observations. The wet refractivity field is determined applying a least-squares adjustment. To test the performance of the software, different weather conditions are simulated. Various stochastically constrained models are applied and discussed in terms of inversion stability. Results from real data gathered during a dedicated measurement campaign in the high density GPS network of the Big Island of Hawaii are analyzed. Compared to radiosondes, an accuracy of about 10 ppm (refractivity units) is achieved.
To compare the potential and limits of the investigated methods, independent data must be available. An extensive study is performed in the area of Switzerland to evaluate and compare all presented methods with each other. For the validation, data of the numerical weather model aLMo are used. Seven days of data in a high spatial distribution and on an hourly basis are investigated. The tropospheric path delays resulting from the various methods are compared and analyzed. An overall good agreement with the aLMo data was observed. To evaluate the spatial distribution of water vapor, 7680 refractivity profiles are determined with the tomographic method and compared with the numerical weather data. The analysis contains four tomographic approaches including different types of constraints. The results are statistically evaluated and compared. A correlation between the accuracy and the weather situation was found. Overall, an agreement of 5-7 ppm (refractivity units) was achieved compared to aLMo.
In conclusion, it can be stated that the determination of the integrated amount of water vapor in the troposphere was successfully performed. For the main geodetic application, the correction of GPS measurements, the estimation of path delays in the GPS processing is recommended, provided long-terrn GPS phase observations are available. For the determination of the spatial distribution and the temporal variation of the integrated amount of water vapor, modeling of the GPS-estimated path delays is a successful method. Moreover, the principal feasibility to resolve the vertical distribution of the water vapor applying the tomographic approach was demonstrated. However, further investigations concerning constraints or the introduction of additional information are required.Numéro de notice : 13264 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Autre URL associée : http://dx.doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-004796376 Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Thèse étrangère DOI : 10.3929/ethz-a-004796376 En ligne : https://www.sgc.ethz.ch/sgc-volumes/sgk-67.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=54945 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 13264-01 30.84 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible 13264-02 30.84 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible GPS Tomography and Remote Sensing Techniques for Water Vapor Determination in the ESCOMPTE Campaign / Beat Bürki (2004)
contenu dans Celebrating a decade of the International GPS Service, Workshop & Symposium 2004 / Michael Meindl (2004)
Titre : GPS Tomography and Remote Sensing Techniques for Water Vapor Determination in the ESCOMPTE Campaign Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Beat Bürki, Auteur ; Simon Lutz, Auteur ; Marc Troller, Auteur ; Alexander Somieski, Auteur ; Andrea Walpersdorf, Auteur ; Erik Doerflinger, Auteur ; Alain Geiger, Auteur ; Olivier Bock , Auteur ; et al., Auteur
Editeur : Berne : Université de Berne Année de publication : 2004 Conférence : IGS 2004, international symposium, Celebrating a decade of the International GPS Service Symposium 01/03/2004 05/03/2004 Berne Suisse Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS
[Termes IGN] teneur en vapeur d'eau
[Termes IGN] tomographieRésumé : (Auteur) The hierarchy of reference frames used in the IGS and the procedures and rationale for realizing them are reviewed. The Conventions of the IERS lag developments in the IGS in a number of important respects. Recommendations are offered for changes in the IERS Conventions to recognize geocenter motion (as already implemented by the IGS) and to enforce greater model consistency in order to achieve higher precision for combined reference frame products. Despite large improvements in the internal consistency of IGS product sets, defects remain which should be addressed in future developments. If the IGS is to remain a leader in this area, then a comprehensive, long-range strategy should be formulated and pursued to maintain and enhance the IGS reference frame, as well as to improve its delivery to users. Actions should include the official designation of a high-performance reference tracking network whose stations are expected to meet the highest standards possible. Numéro de notice : C2004-016 Affiliation des auteurs : LAREG+Ext (1991-2011) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=65027
Titre : Ground penetrating radar, 2nd edition Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : D.J. Daniels, Éditeur scientifique Mention d'édition : 2 Editeur : London : The Institution of Engineering and Technology IET Année de publication : 2004 Collection : IET Radar, Sonar, Navigation and Avionics Series num. 15 Importance : 726 p. Format : 16 x 24 cm + 1 cédérom ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-0-86341-360-5 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image radar et applications
[Termes IGN] antenne radar
[Termes IGN] archéométrie
[Termes IGN] déconvolution
[Termes IGN] écho radar
[Termes IGN] érosion
[Termes IGN] filtrage du bruit
[Termes IGN] génie civil
[Termes IGN] glace
[Termes IGN] glacier
[Termes IGN] mine antipersonnel
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique
[Termes IGN] neige
[Termes IGN] pédologie
[Termes IGN] pollution des sols
[Termes IGN] prospection minérale
[Termes IGN] radar à antenne synthétique
[Termes IGN] radar pénétrant GPR
[Termes IGN] radargrammétrie
[Termes IGN] rugosité du sol
[Termes IGN] télédétection en hyperfréquence
[Termes IGN] tomographie
[Termes IGN] traitement du signalIndex. décimale : 35.22 Télédétection en hyperfréquence - Traitement d'image radar Résumé : (Editeur) Ground penetrating radar has come to public attention in recent criminal investigations, but has been a developing and maturing remote sensing field for some time. In the light of recent expansion of the technique to a wide range of applications, the need for an up-to-date reference has become urgent. This fully revised and expanded edition of the best-selling Surface-Penetrating Radar (IEE, 1996) presents, for the non-specialist user or engineer, all the key elements of this technique, which span several disciplines including electromagnetics, geophysics and signal processing. The book will help users to assess the potential of the technique and currently available technology and to apply them effectively. Numéro de notice : 20106 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=62915 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 20106-01 35.22 Livre Centre de documentation Télédétection Disponible Intégrer une nouvelle génération [de satellites météorologiques] / E. Legrand in Atmosphériques, n° 21 (01/01/2004)
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