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Spatial, temporal, and socioeconomic patterns in the use of Twitter and Flickr / Linna Li in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013) . - pp 61 - 77 Titre : Spatial, temporal, and socioeconomic patterns in the use of Twitter and Flickr Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Linna Li, Auteur ; Michael F. Goodchild, Auteur ; Bo Xu, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 61 - 77 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] analyse de données [Termes IGN] analyse socio-économique [Termes IGN] analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] Californie (Etats-Unis) [Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles [Termes IGN] Etats-Unis [Termes IGN] partage de données localisées [Termes IGN] réseau social [Termes IGN] Twitter Résumé : (Auteur) Online social networking and information sharing services have generated large volumes of spatio-temporal footprints, which are potentially a valuable source of knowledge about the physical environment and social phenomena. However, it is critical to take into consideration the uneven distribution of the data generated in social media in order to understand the nature of such data and to use them appropriately. The distribution of footprints and the characteristics of contributors indicate the quantity, quality, and type of the data. Using georeferenced tweets and photos collected from Twitter and Flickr, this research presents the spatial and temporal patterns of such crowd-sourced geographic data in the contiguous United States and explores the socioeconomic characteristics of geographic data creators by investigating the relationships between tweet and photo densities and the characteristics of local people using California as a case study. Correlations between dependent and independent variables in partial least squares regression suggest that well-educated people in the occupations of management, business, science, and arts are more likely to be involved in the generation of georeferenced tweets and photos. Further research is required to explain why some people tend to produce and spread information over the Internet using social media from the perspectives of psychology and sociology. This study would be informative to sociologists who study the behaviors of social media users, geographers who are interested in the spatial and temporal distribution of social media users, marketing agencies who intend to understand the influence of social media, and other scientists who use social media data in their research. Numéro de notice : A2013-743 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/SOCIETE NUMERIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2013.777139 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2013.777139 Format de la ressource électronique : url Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32879 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

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Spatial patterns and demographic indicators of effective social media content during the Horsethief Canyon fire of 2012 / Joshua Kent in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013) . - pp 78 - 89 Titre : Spatial patterns and demographic indicators of effective social media content during the Horsethief Canyon fire of 2012 Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Joshua Kent, Auteur ; Henry T. Cappello Jr, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 78 - 89 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] autocorrélation spatiale [Termes IGN] données localisées [Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles [Termes IGN] fiabilité des données [Termes IGN] gestion de crise [Termes IGN] incendie [Termes IGN] indicateur démographique [Termes IGN] réseau social [Termes IGN] risque majeur Résumé : (Auteur) A significant challenge during any emergency response scenario is the timely compilation of actionable data from disparate sources. Although numerous strategies exist, crisis mapping techniques have emerged as effective tools for synthesizing and visualizing event specific data when establishing situational awareness. User generated content (UGC) voluntarily submitted through social networking outlets (e.g., Twitter, Instagram, Flickr, and others) are increasingly being consumed and mined for actionable data (e.g., Goodchild 2007; Elwood, Goodchild, and Sui 2012). Despite its apparent value as a rich and instantaneous source of actionable content, little research has emerged examining the underlying demographic characteristics that are likely to produce effective crowdsourced content during a crisis. Accordingly, this study collected and synthesized user generated data extracted from multiple social networks during the Horsethief Canyon Fire that occurred near Jackson, Wyoming, in September 2012. The spatial distribution of wildfire and non-wildfire specific UGC were compared to confirm the presence of a social networking user base that contributed to situational awareness. Regression analysis was used to identify relevant demographic characteristics that reflect the portion of the impacted community that will voluntarily contribute meaningful data about the fire. The preliminary findings suggest that emergency responders can use these techniques to quickly and efficiently assess the efficacy of mining actionable data from social media in a given community. Recommendations for additional research are discussed and provided. Numéro de notice : A2013-744 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/SOCIETE NUMERIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2013.776727 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2013.776727 Format de la ressource électronique : url Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32880 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

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Evaluating the “geographical awareness” of individuals: an exploratory analysis of Twitter data / Chen Xu in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013) . - pp 103 - 115 Titre : Evaluating the “geographical awareness” of individuals: an exploratory analysis of Twitter data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Chen Xu, Auteur ; David W. Wong, Auteur ; Chaowei Yang, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 103 - 115 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] données issues des réseaux sociaux [Termes IGN] échantillonnage [Termes IGN] exploration de données géographiques [Termes IGN] extraction de données [Termes IGN] fiabilité des données [Termes IGN] géopositionnement [Termes IGN] langage naturel (informatique) [Termes IGN] qualité des données Résumé : (Auteur) A major theme in the geographical studies of social media content such as tweets from Twitter is to extract the locations of content providers (e.g., Twitter users) in order to track their movements or activity patterns. This framework also has been used to detect the dispersion of ideas over space and time. Another theme is to assess how the interaction of these providers may vary between the physical and virtual spaces. However, few geographical studies have explored if social media content can be used to examine the relationship between the characteristics of content providers and their geographical knowledge at different spatial scales. We expected that in general, one's awareness of the local geography should be higher than that of places farther away. In this paper, we explored if such pattern of geographical awareness in the physical space is reflected in the social media content. We reported our detailed examinations of tweets from a set of individuals who have provided substantial information in their profiles. Using text-mining methods, including natural language processing (NLP) techniques, we identified place names mentioned in the tweets and geocoded them. These locations were analyzed in a geographical-hierarchical manner to build a geographical awareness profile for each individual. While these geographical awareness profiles vary quite dramatically, their variations can be explained by the users’ characteristics, which were interpreted from their tweet content. This study demonstrates how social media content may be used to assess the geographical awareness characteristics of a biased sample population. Numéro de notice : A2013-745 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2013.776212 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2013.776212 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32881 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
032-2013021	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Demarcating new boundaries: mapping virtual polycentric communities through social media content / Anthony Stefanidis in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013) . - pp 116 - 129 Titre : Demarcating new boundaries: mapping virtual polycentric communities through social media content Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Anthony Stefanidis, Auteur ; Amy Cotnoir, Auteur ; Arie Croitoru, Auteur ; Andrew Crooks, Auteur ; Matthew Rice, Auteur ; Jacek Radzikowski, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 116 - 129 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] analyse de données [Termes IGN] communauté virtuelle [Termes IGN] détection de cible [Termes IGN] données issues des réseaux sociaux [Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles [Termes IGN] identification automatique [Termes IGN] Syrie [Termes IGN] visualisation cartographique Résumé : (Auteur) The proliferation of social media has led to the emergence of a new type of geospatial information that defies the conventions of authoritative or volunteered geographic information, yet can be harvested to reveal unique and dynamic information about people and their activities. In this paper we address the identification and mapping of global virtual communities formed around issues of specific national interest. We refer to these connected virtual communities formed around issues related to a specific state as the polycentric virtual equivalent of that state. Identifying, mapping, and analyzing these virtual communities is a novel challenge for our community, and this is the subject we pursue in this paper. We present these communities relative to established conventions of statehood, address the harvesting of relevant geographical information from social media feeds, and discuss the challenge of visualizing such information. In order to do so we use the current geopolitical situation in Syria as a demonstrative example. Numéro de notice : A2013-746 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/SOCIETE NUMERIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2013.776211 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2013.776211 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32882 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
032-2013021	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Beyond the geotag: situating ‘big data’ and leveraging the potential of the geoweb / Jeremy W. Crampton in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013) . - pp 130 - 139 Titre : Beyond the geotag: situating ‘big data’ and leveraging the potential of the geoweb Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jeremy W. Crampton, Auteur ; Mark Graham, Auteur ; Ate Poorthuis, Auteur ; Taylor Shelton, Auteur ; Monica Stephens, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 130 - 139 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles [Termes IGN] données massives [Termes IGN] géobalise [Termes IGN] géoréférencement [Termes IGN] GeoWeb [Termes IGN] visualisation cartographique Résumé : (Auteur) This article presents an overview and initial results of a geoweb analysis designed to provide the foundation for a continued discussion of the potential impacts of ‘big data’ for the practice of critical human geography. While Haklay's (2012) observation that social media content is generated by a small number of ‘outliers’ is correct, we explore alternative methods and conceptual frameworks that might allow for one to overcome the limitations of previous analyses of user-generated geographic information. Though more illustrative than explanatory, the results of our analysis suggest a cautious approach toward the use of the geoweb and big data that are as mindful of their shortcomings as their potential. More specifically, we propose five extensions to the typical practice of mapping georeferenced data that we call going ‘beyond the geotag’: (1) going beyond social media that is explicitly geographic; (2) going beyond spatialities of the ‘here and now’; (3) going beyond the proximate; (4) going beyond the human to data produced by bots and automated systems, and (5) going beyond the geoweb itself, by leveraging these sources against ancillary data, such as news reports and census data. We see these extensions of existing methodologies as providing the potential for overcoming existing limitations on the analysis of the geoweb. The principal case study focuses on the widely reported riots following the University of Kentucky men's basketball team's victory in the 2012 NCAA championship and its manifestation within the geoweb. Drawing upon a database of archived Twitter activity – including all geotagged tweets since December 2011–we analyze the geography of tweets that used a specific hashtag (#LexingtonPoliceScanner) in order to demonstrate the potential application of our methodological and conceptual program. By tracking the social, spatial, and temporal diffusion of this hashtag, we show how large databases of such spatially referenced internet content can be used in a more systematic way for critical social and spatial analysis. Numéro de notice : A2013-747 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/SOCIETE NUMERIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2013.777137 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2013.777137 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32883 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
032-2013021	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Accuracy and privacy aspects in free online reverse geocoding services / Ourania Kounadi in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 40 n° 2 (March 2013) . - pp 140 - 153 Titre : Accuracy and privacy aspects in free online reverse geocoding services Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ourania Kounadi, Auteur ; Thomas Lampoltshammer, Auteur ; Michael Leitner, Auteur ; Thomas Heistracher, Auteur Année de publication : 2013 Article en page(s) : pp 140 - 153 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique web [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] corpus [Termes IGN] extraction de données [Termes IGN] géocodage inverse [Termes IGN] protection de la vie privée [Termes IGN] Web Map Service Résumé : (Auteur) Reverse geocoding is defined as the extraction of textual information, such as a name or an address, from geographic coordinates. This technique is common in many geo-application scenarios, e.g., in freely available online-based mapping services. However, if personal data are mapped, confidentiality issues may arise, such as if the data are derived from a crime-incidents database. This research provides an evaluation of seven freely available Web mapping services in regard to reverse geocoding accuracy and privacy aspects. The services' textual accuracy is measured using crime data from Vienna, Austria. The accuracy associated with reverse geocoding is derived for districts with different residential densities to determine whether any error variation is associated with the underlying residential structure. Furthermore, this research investigates the reidentification risk when compromising personal information. Using a free online telephone database and addresses in a crime-incidents dataset, the probable names that are linked to crime victims are identified. The results showed that the accuracy ranges from 0% to 23% depending on the predefined precision level. Comparing seven online reverse geocoding services (TravelGIS, Google Maps, nominatim, ArcGIS, Yahoo, Bing, and Geonames), TravelGIS performs better at the highest precision level, whereas Geonames performs better at a lower precision level. However, the results showed no difference among the districts with different residential densities. As for the reidentification risk, 68% probable victims were identified from the database. This work discusses the specific tasks that users have to complete when retrieving addresses associated with crime-incident locations. The article concludes with an evaluation of the reverse geocoding process and a discussion of the privacy risk associated with it. Numéro de notice : A2013-748 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2013.777138 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2013.777138 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32884 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
032-2013021	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible