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Termes IGN > aménagement > urbanisme
urbanisme
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Aménagement urbain, Développement urbain, Habitat (urbanisme), Planification urbaine, Ville modèle. Synonyme(s)aménagement urbainVoir aussi |
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Urban growth simulations in order to represent the impacts of constructions and environmental constraints on urban sprawl / Mojtaba Eslahi (2019)
Titre : Urban growth simulations in order to represent the impacts of constructions and environmental constraints on urban sprawl Titre original : Simulations de croissance urbaine pour représenter les impacts possibles des constructions et des contraintes environnementales sur l’étalement urbain Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Mojtaba Eslahi, Auteur ; Anne Ruas , Directeur de thèse Editeur : Champs/Marne : Université Paris-Est Année de publication : 2019 Importance : 254 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse Université Paris-Est, discipline Sciences et Technologies de l’Information Géographique en Informatique à l'IFSTTARLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] automate cellulaire
[Termes IGN] bâtiment
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] démographie
[Termes IGN] dynamique spatiale
[Termes IGN] étalement urbain
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] politique publique
[Termes IGN] politique territoriale
[Termes IGN] simulation spatiale
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] urbanisation
[Termes IGN] utilisation du solIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) The process of urbanization occurs mainly due to population growth, rural exodus to cities and life style that often induces the nearly irreversible changes. It increases the artificial lands, which affect the biodiversity, ecosystems, urban climate, and reduces land for agriculture and natural areas. The focus of this thesis is to simulate diverse urbanization scenarios in order to improve public policies decision making. To do this, the SLEUTH model is used in order to investigate the impacts of building types and environmental rules on urban sprawl. In the method used, the SLEUTH model integrates more topographic data, urban tissue and demographic data, including geographical features and the environmental constraints. The main challenge in this research is to propose different urban sprawl scenarios for different kind of environmental rules while taking into account the population demand or at least population growth estimation. The SLEUTH model is one of the well-known cellular automata simulation models, which matches the dynamic simulation of urban expansion and adapts to morphological model of the urban configuration. SLEUTH, like many other urban growth simulation methods, considers only the historical data. Although, the impacts of population growth and urban tissue are implicitly considered during the calibration phase on the historical urban maps, changes in population growth rate or in building types cannot be included in its simulations. Moreover, the SLEUTH results are limited to raster data that are difficult to interpret for decision makers. The results are some pixels on which urbanization is supposed to occur, which do not make much sense from urbanism point of view. Therefore, our research aims to diversify the simulation possibilities integrating explicitly factors of building types according to population growth and providing visual methods to view urban growth scenario results in 2D and even 3D. In order to improve the SLEUTH results, different 2D urban growth simulation scenarios have been defined based on the SLEUTH model by adding buildings type and the estimation of the population growth as urban fabric factors. Each simulation corresponds to policies that are more or less restrictive of spaces considering what these territories can accommodate as a type of building and as a global population. In addition, the simulations can help the user to protect the desired lands such as the environmental spaces from urbanization. These scenarios show the simulation capabilities of the model and make it possible to improve our understanding of an urban sprawl simulation. Three different case studies with various sizes and populations are used including Toulouse metropolitan, Saint Sulpice la Pointe and Rieucros to provide a view of the effectiveness of the proposed method on several scales. The results evaluation indicates that the proposed method makes different simulations that correspond to different land priorities and constraints. It helps to see which land can be protected (where) and how building type can be used to constrain urban sprawl (how much). A 3D representation for each prospective urban growth simulations is provided in order to facilitate the interpretation of the SLEUTH simulation and differentiate the scenarios. The findings allow having different images of the city of tomorrow for applying it to urban policies. Note de contenu : Introduction
1- Urbanization and Urban Modeling
2- Methodology and Fundamentals for Model Construction
3- Application of the Model to Diversify the Simulations of Urban Sprawl
4- Creation of Fictive 3D Buildings to Facilitate the Interpretation of Simulation Results and Differentiate Scenarios
5- Conclusion and PerspectivesNuméro de notice : 25910 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Informatique/Modélisation et simulation : Paris-Est : 2019 Organisme de stage : Institut de Recherche en Constructibilité IRC (IFSTTAR) nature-HAL : Thèse DOI : sans En ligne : https://hal.science/tel-02493929 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95906 Urban morpho-types classification from SPOT-6/7 imagery and Sentinel-2 time series / Arnaud Le Bris (2019)
Titre : Urban morpho-types classification from SPOT-6/7 imagery and Sentinel-2 time series Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Arnaud Le Bris , Auteur ; Nesrine Chehata , Auteur Editeur : New York : Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers IEEE Année de publication : 2019 Projets : GeoSud / Conférence : JURSE 2019, Joint Urban Remote Sensing Event 22/05/2019 24/05/2019 Vannes France Proceedings IEEE Importance : 4 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] classification par forêts d'arbres décisionnels
[Termes IGN] image Sentinel-MSI
[Termes IGN] image SPOT 6
[Termes IGN] image SPOT 7
[Termes IGN] morphologie urbaine
[Termes IGN] série temporelle
[Termes IGN] zone urbaineRésumé : (auteur) This paper aims at detecting several urban morpho-type classes out of SPOT-6/7 imagery and Sentinel-2 time series. Urban classes of Urban Atlas are considered. The proposed strategy is a bottom-up one. It first detects basic urban objects (buildings, roads, vegetation), and use them to calculate multi-scale morphological features. These features are then fed to a Random Forest classifier trained from samples out of Urban Atlas urban classes. Obtained results is optionally merged with a Random Forest classification based on Sentinel-2 time series. Obtained results are promising. Numéro de notice : C2019-004 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG MATIS+Ext (2012-2019) Autre URL associée : vers HAL Thématique : IMAGERIE/URBANISME Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl DOI : 10.1109/JURSE.2019.8808988 Date de publication en ligne : 22/08/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1109/JURSE.2019.8808988 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92209 Designing an integrated urban growth prediction model: a scenario-based approach for preserving scenic landscapes / Sepideh Saeidi in Geocarto international, vol 33 n° 12 (December 2018)
[article]
Titre : Designing an integrated urban growth prediction model: a scenario-based approach for preserving scenic landscapes Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Sepideh Saeidi, Auteur ; Seyed Hamed Mirkarimi, Auteur ; Marjan Mohammadzadeh, Auteur ; Abdolrassoul Salmanmahiny, Auteur ; Colin Arrowsmith, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 1381 - 1397 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] automate cellulaire
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] Iran
[Termes IGN] méthode d'étalonnage basée sur le modèle
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] paysage urbain
[Termes IGN] Perceptron multicouche
[Termes IGN] réseau neuronal artificielRésumé : (auteur) This study demonstrates the integration of landscape aesthetic quality and probable urban growth patterns in urban landscape modelling. This was performed using SLEUTH as a scenario-based urban growth model in Gorgan City of Iran. Future urbanization was predicted under developing three different scenarios including historical, managed and aesthetically sound urban growth up to the year 2030. Multi-Layer Perceptron neural network model was conducted for mapping the aesthetic suitability of the study area. The aesthetic suitability layer was used in the third scenario of SLEUTH model as the excluded layer to protect the scenic patches in future. The results showed that by correct implementation of urban growth policies, 323 ha in the second scenario and 650 ha in the third scenario would be saved. This integrated model would help the planners for a better management of urban landscapes as a Spatial Decision Support System. Numéro de notice : A2019-050 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106049.2017.1353647 Date de publication en ligne : 24/07/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2017.1353647 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92071
in Geocarto international > vol 33 n° 12 (December 2018) . - pp 1381 - 1397[article]Detection of individual trees in urban alignment from airborne data and contextual information: A marked point process approach / Josselin Aval in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 146 (December 2018)
[article]
Titre : Detection of individual trees in urban alignment from airborne data and contextual information: A marked point process approach Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Josselin Aval, Auteur ; Jean Demuynck, Auteur ; Emmanuel Zenou, Auteur ; Sophie Fabre, Auteur ; David Sheeren , Auteur ; Mathieu Fauvel, Auteur ; Karine R.M. Adeline, Auteur ; Xavier Briottet , Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 197 - 210 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques
[Termes IGN] arbre urbain
[Termes IGN] canopée
[Termes IGN] détection d'arbres
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] houppier
[Termes IGN] image hyperspectrale
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface
[Termes IGN] prise en compte du contexte
[Termes IGN] processus ponctuel marqué
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] Toulouse
[Termes IGN] zone urbaineRésumé : (Auteur) With the current expansion of cities, urban trees have an important role for preserving the health of its inhabitants. With their evapotranspiration, they reduce the urban heat island phenomenon, by trapping CO2 emission, improve air quality. In particular, street trees or alignment trees, create shade on the road network, are structuring elements of the cities and decorate the roads. Street trees are also subject to specific conditions as they have little space for growth, are pruned and can be affected by the spread of diseases in single-species plantations. Thus, their detection, identification and monitoring are necessary. In this study, an approach is proposed for mapping these trees that are characteristic of the urban environment. Three areas of the city of Toulouse in the south of France are studied. Airborne hyperspectral data and a Digital Surface Model (DSM) for high vegetation detection are used. Then, contextual information is used to identify the street trees. Indeed, Geographic Information System (GIS) data are considered to detect the vegetation canopies close to the streets. Afterwards, individual street tree crown delineation is carried out by modeling the discriminative contextual features of individual street trees (hypotheses of small angle between the trees and similar heights) based on Marked Point Process (MPP). Compared to a baseline individual tree crown delineation method based on region growing, our method logically provides the best results with F-score values of 91%, 75% and 85% against 70%, 41% and 20% for the three studied areas respectively. Our approach mainly succeeds in identifying the street trees. In addition, the contribution of the angle, the height and the GIS data in the street tree mapping has been studied. The results encourage the use of the angle, the height and the GIS data together. However, with only the angle and the height, the results are similar to those obtained with the inclusion of the GIS data for the first and the second study cases with F-score values of 88%, 79% and 62% against 91%, 75% and 85% for the three study cases respectively. Finally, it is shown that the GIS data only is not sufficient. Numéro de notice : A2018-538 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.09.016 Date de publication en ligne : 21/10/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.09.016 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91552
in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 146 (December 2018) . - pp 197 - 210[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 081-2018131 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible 081-2018133 DEP-EXM Revue LASTIG Dépôt en unité Exclu du prêt 081-2018132 DEP-EAF Revue Nancy Dépôt en unité Exclu du prêt Urban impervious surface estimation from remote sensing and social data / Yan Yu in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 84 n° 12 (December 2018)
[article]
Titre : Urban impervious surface estimation from remote sensing and social data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Yan Yu, Auteur ; Jun Li, Auteur ; Changyu Zhu, Auteur ; Antonio J. Plaza, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 771 - 780 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques
[Termes IGN] analyse des mélanges spectraux
[Termes IGN] base de données routières
[Termes IGN] Canton (Kouangtoung)
[Termes IGN] contenu généré par les utilisateurs
[Termes IGN] données issues des réseaux sociaux
[Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles
[Termes IGN] données vectorielles
[Termes IGN] Google Maps
[Termes IGN] image Landsat-8
[Termes IGN] image Landsat-OLI
[Termes IGN] OpenStreetMap
[Termes IGN] point d'intérêt
[Termes IGN] régression multiple
[Termes IGN] réseau routier
[Termes IGN] surface imperméable
[Termes IGN] zone urbaineRésumé : (auteur) We propose an inspiring approach for accurate impervious surface estimation based on the integration of remote sensing and social data. The proposed approach exploits the strengths of two kind of heterogeneous features, i.e., physical features and social features, where the former ones are derived by a morphological attribute profiles-guided spectral mixture analysis model using remote sensing imagery, and the latter ones are obtained from the normalized kernel density of point of interest and vector road datasets. These two features are then integrated using a multivariable linear regression model to estimate impervious surfaces. The proposed method has been tested in the main urban area of Guangzhou, China, in pixel level and parcel level, respectively. The obtained results, with the overall RMSE of 10.98% and 10.90% for pixel level and parcel level, respectively, demonstrate the good performance of integrating remote sensing imagery and social data for mapping of urban impervious surface. Numéro de notice : A2018-549 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.14358/PERS.84.12.771 Date de publication en ligne : 01/12/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.14358/PERS.84.12.771 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91622
in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS > vol 84 n° 12 (December 2018) . - pp 771 - 780[article]Réservation
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