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Termes IGN > aménagement > urbanisme
urbanisme
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Aménagement urbain, Développement urbain, Habitat (urbanisme), Planification urbaine, Ville modèle. Synonyme(s)aménagement urbainVoir aussi |
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Comparison of spatial modelling approaches to simulate urban growth: a case study on Udaipur city, India / Biswajit Mondal in Geocarto international, vol 35 n° 4 ([15/03/2020])
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Titre : Comparison of spatial modelling approaches to simulate urban growth: a case study on Udaipur city, India Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Biswajit Mondal, Auteur ; Suman Chakraborti, Auteur ; Dipendra Nath Das, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 411 - 433 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] analyse diachronique
[Termes IGN] analyse multicritère
[Termes IGN] automate cellulaire
[Termes IGN] chaîne de Markov
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] étalement urbain
[Termes IGN] Inde
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] modélisation spatiale
[Termes IGN] pente
[Termes IGN] Perceptron multicouche
[Termes IGN] utilisation du solRésumé : (auteur) Assessment of past and future urban growth processes helps the decision makers to evaluate and formulate the policy documents. In an attempt to make such assessments, this study compares three commonly used urban growth models: Multicriteria Cellular Automata-Markov Chain (MCCA-MC), Multi-Layer Perception Markov Chain (MLP-MC), and the Slope, Land use, Exclusion, Urban Extent, Transportation and Hillshade (SLEUTH). This study has taken into account the land use and land cover data for the years, 1977, 1992, 2000, 2008, 2016 and prepared driving variables for urban growth. The KAPPA index of agreement indicates that the MCCA-MC, MLP-MC and SLEUTH models avoid errors by 94%, 93%, and 92% respectively. Models forecast that about 156.96 km2, 157.43 km2 and 142.43 km2 built-up areas will emerge through the process of urbanization by 2031 in the city of Udaipur. However, this assessment identified that all the models are embodied with their own advantages and disadvantages while serving specific purposes. While the MCCA-MC and MLP-MC provides a good account of the urban spread, the SLEUTH identifies the new isolated growth centres more accurately. Numéro de notice : A2020-100 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106049.2018.1520922 Date de publication en ligne : 03/01/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2018.1520922 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94691
in Geocarto international > vol 35 n° 4 [15/03/2020] . - pp 411 - 433[article]Analysing performance of SLEUTH model calibration using brute force and genetic algorithm–based methods / Ankita Saxena in Geocarto international, vol 35 n° 3 ([01/03/2020])
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Titre : Analysing performance of SLEUTH model calibration using brute force and genetic algorithm–based methods Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ankita Saxena, Auteur ; Mahesh Kumar Jat, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 256 - 279 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] algorithme génétique
[Termes IGN] automate cellulaire
[Termes IGN] changement d'occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] changement d'utilisation du sol
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] distribution spatiale
[Termes IGN] Inde
[Termes IGN] modélisation spatiale
[Termes IGN] OpenStreetMapRésumé : (auteur) Present study is aimed to compare the performance of SLEUTH model from two different calibration methods, that is, brute force and GA in term of computational efficiency of calibration processes, capturing urban growth, a form of growth or growth pattern and its spatial distribution. SLEUTH has been parameterized for Ajmer city (India) and its performance has been compared in term of eight parameters/methods, that is, computational efficiency, model fitness that is, OSM, urban shape index, best fit coefficient values, hit-miss-false alarm method, kappa statistics, accuracy percentage and visual analysis. GA-based calibration has been found to be computationally more efficient and relatively better in capturing urban growth and form of growth as compared to brute force. Brute force calibration seems to be slightly better considering urban hits as compared to GA, however, GA is better with respect to lesser false alarms. Numéro de notice : A2020-056 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/10106049.2018.1516242 Date de publication en ligne : 29/11/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10106049.2018.1516242 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94569
in Geocarto international > vol 35 n° 3 [01/03/2020] . - pp 256 - 279[article]Assessing environmental impacts of urban growth using remote sensing / John C. Trinder in Geo-spatial Information Science, vol 23 n° 1 (March 2020)
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Titre : Assessing environmental impacts of urban growth using remote sensing Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : John C. Trinder, Auteur ; Qingxiang Liu, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 20 - 39 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] analyse de mélange spectral d’extrémités multiples
[Termes IGN] changement d'utilisation du sol
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] développement durable
[Termes IGN] image Landsat
[Termes IGN] impact sur l'environnement
[Termes IGN] réseau neuronal artificiel
[Termes IGN] service écosystémique
[Termes IGN] Sydney (Nouvelle-Galles du Sud)
[Termes IGN] Wuhan (Chine)Résumé : (auteur) This paper provides a study of the changes in land use in urban environments in two cities, Wuhan, China and western Sydney in Australia. Since mixed pixels are a characteristic of medium resolution images such as Landsat, when used for the classification of urban areas, due to changes in urban ground cover within a pixel, Multiple Endmember Spectral Mixture Analysis (MESMA) together with Super-Resolution Mapping (SRM) are employed to derive class fractions to generate classification maps at a higher spatial resolution using an Artificial Neural Network (ANN) predicted Wavelet method. Landsat images over the two cities for a 30-year period, are classified in terms of vegetation, buildings, soil and water. The classifications are then processed using Indifrag software to assess the levels of fragmentation caused by changes in the areas of buildings, vegetation, water and soil over the 30 years. The extents of fragmentation of vegetation, buildings, water and soil for the two cities are compared, while the percentages of vegetation are compared with recommended percentages of green space for urban areas for the benefit of health and well-being of inhabitants. Changes in Ecosystem Service Values (ESVs) resulting from the urbanization have been assessed for Wuhan and Sydney. The UN Sustainable Development Goals (SDG) for urban areas are being assessed by researchers to better understand how to achieve the sustainability of cities. Numéro de notice : A2020-162 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/10095020.2019.1710438 Date de publication en ligne : 21/01/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/10095020.2019.1710438 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94822
in Geo-spatial Information Science > vol 23 n° 1 (March 2020) . - pp 20 - 39[article]City-descriptive input data for urban climate models: Model requirements, data sources and challenges / Valéry Masson in Urban climate, vol 31 (March 2020)
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Titre : City-descriptive input data for urban climate models: Model requirements, data sources and challenges Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Valéry Masson, Auteur ; Wieke Heldens, Auteur ; Erwan Bocher, Auteur ; Marion Bonhomme, Auteur ; Bénédicte Bucher , Auteur ; et al., Auteur
Année de publication : 2020 Projets : URCLIM / Masson, Valéry Article en page(s) : n° 100536 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] arbre urbain
[Termes IGN] données localisées numériques
[Termes IGN] données socio-économiques
[Termes IGN] flore urbaine
[Termes IGN] morphologie urbaine
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] ville
[Termes IGN] zone urbaineRésumé : (auteur) Cities are particularly vulnerable to meteorological hazards because of the concentration of population, goods, capital stock and infrastructure. Urban climate services require multi-disciplinary and multi-sectorial approaches and new paradigms in urban climate modelling. This paper classifies the required urban input data for both mesoscale state-of-the-art Urban Canopy Models (UCMs) and microscale Obstacle Resolving Models (ORM) into five categories and reviews the ways in which they can be obtained. The first two categories are (1) land cover, and (2) building morphology. These govern the main interactions between the city and the urban climate and the Urban Heat Island. Interdependence between morphological parameters and UCM geometric hypotheses are discussed. Building height, plan and wall area densities are recommended as the main input variables for UCMs, whereas ORMs require 3D building data. Recently, three other categories of urban data became relevant for finer urban studies and adaptation to climate change: (3) building design and architecture, (4) building use, anthropogenic heat and socio-economic data, and (5) urban vegetation data. Several methods for acquiring spatial information are reviewed, including remote sensing, geographic information system (GIS) processing from administrative cadasters, expert knowledge and crowdsourcing. Data availability, data harmonization, costs/efficiency trade-offs and future challenges are then discussed. Numéro de notice : A2020-003 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG+Ext (2016-2019) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.uclim.2019.100536 Date de publication en ligne : 19/11/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2019.100536 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94290
in Urban climate > vol 31 (March 2020) . - n° 100536[article]A deep learning architecture for semantic address matching / Yue Lin in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 34 n° 3 (March 2020)
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Titre : A deep learning architecture for semantic address matching Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Yue Lin, Auteur ; Mengjun Kang, Auteur ; Yuyang Wu, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 559 - 576 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] appariement d'adresses
[Termes IGN] appariement sémantique
[Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique
[Termes IGN] apprentissage profond
[Termes IGN] géocodage par adresse postale
[Termes IGN] gestion urbaine
[Termes IGN] inférence sémantique
[Termes IGN] représentation vectorielle
[Termes IGN] réseau neuronal profond
[Termes IGN] Shenzhen
[Termes IGN] similitude sémantique
[Termes IGN] traitement du langage naturelRésumé : (auteur) Address matching is a crucial step in geocoding, which plays an important role in urban planning and management. To date, the unprecedented development of location-based services has generated a large amount of unstructured address data. Traditional address matching methods mainly focus on the literal similarity of address records and are therefore not applicable to the unstructured address data. In this study, we introduce an address matching method based on deep learning to identify the semantic similarity between address records. First, we train the word2vec model to transform the address records into their corresponding vector representations. Next, we apply the enhanced sequential inference model (ESIM), a deep text-matching model, to make local and global inferences to determine if two addresses match. To evaluate the accuracy of the proposed method, we fine-tune the model with real-world address data from the Shenzhen Address Database and compare the outputs with those of several popular address matching methods. The results indicate that the proposed method achieves a higher matching accuracy for unstructured address records, with its precision, recall, and F1 score (i.e., the harmonic mean of precision and recall) reaching 0.97 on the test set. Numéro de notice : A2020-106 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/13658816.2019.1681431 Date de publication en ligne : 24/10/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2019.1681431 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94702
in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 34 n° 3 (March 2020) . - pp 559 - 576[article]Réservation
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