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Termes IGN > foresterie > sylviculture
sylviculture
Commentaire :
Arboriculture, Arboriculture forestière, Arbres -- Techniques culturales, Cultures forestières, Forêts -- Techniques culturales, Forêts et sylviculture, Techniques forestières. Agriculture. >> Industrie forestière, Bois, Forêt -- Exploitation, Forêt, Machine forestière. Voir aussi les vedettes commençant par Forêts ; Foresterie ; Sylviculture. >>Terme(s) spécifique(s) : Écorçage, Martelage (sylviculture), Arbre -- Abattage, Déboisement, Déchet d'abattage, Dendrométrie, Inventaire forestier, Route forestière, Station forestière -- Typologie, Sylviculture tropicale, Essartage, Éclaircie (sylviculture), Cloisonnement (sylviculture), Coupe à blanc, Dégagement (sylviculture). Equiv. LCSH : Forest and forestry. |
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Using terrestrial laser scanning data to estimate large tropical trees biomass and calibrate allometric models: A comparison with traditional destructive approach / Stéphane Momo Takoudjou in Methods in ecology and evolution, vol 9 n° 4 (April 2018)
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[article]
Titre : Using terrestrial laser scanning data to estimate large tropical trees biomass and calibrate allometric models: A comparison with traditional destructive approach Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Stéphane Momo Takoudjou, Auteur ; Pierre Ploton, Auteur ; Bonaventure Sonké, Auteur ; Jan Hackenberg , Auteur ; Sébastien Griffon, Auteur ; François de Coligny, Auteur ; Narcisse Guy Kamdem, Auteur ; Moses Libalah, Auteur ; Gislain 2 Mofack, Auteur ; Gilles Le Moguédec, Auteur ; Raphaël Pélissier, Auteur ; Nicolas Barbier, Auteur
Année de publication : 2018 Projets : 3-projet - voir note / Article en page(s) : pp 905 - 916 Note générale : bibliographie
Funding Information : Global Environment Facility (Grant Number: TF010038), World Bank and French Government scholarshipLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] Afrique centrale
[Termes IGN] biomasse aérienne
[Termes IGN] Cameroun
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] forêt tropicale
[Termes IGN] modèle de croissance végétale
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] volume en boisMots-clés libres : Quantitative Structure Model Résumé : (auteur) Calibration of local, regional or global allometric equations to estimate biomass at the tree level constitutes a significant burden on projects aiming at reducing Carbon emissions from forest degradation and deforestation. The objective of this contribution is to assess the precision and accuracy of Terrestrial Laser Scanning (TLS) for estimating volumes and above‐ground biomass (AGB) of the woody parts of tropical trees, and for the calibration of allometric models.
We used a destructive dataset of 61 trees, with diameters and AGB of up to 186.6 cm and 60 Mg respectively, which were scanned, felled and weighed in the semi‐deciduous forests of eastern Cameroon. We present an operational approach based on available software allowing the retrieving of TLS volume with low bias and high accuracy for large tropical trees. Edition of the obtained models proved necessary, mainly to account for the complexity of buttressed parts of tree trunks, which were separately modelled through a meshing approach, and to bring a few corrections in the topology and geometry of branches, thanks to the amapstudio‐scan software.
Over the entire dataset, TLS‐derived volumes proved highly reliable for branches larger than 5 cm in diameter. The volumes of the remaining woody parts estimated for stumps, stems and crowns as well as for the whole tree proved very accurate (RMSE below 2.81% and R² above of .98) and unbiased. Once converted into AGB using mean local‐specific wood density values, TLS estimates allowed calibrating a biomass allometric model with coefficients statistically undistinguishable from those of a model based on destructive data. The Unedited Quantitative Structure Model (QSM) however leads to systematic overestimations of woody volumes and subsequently to significantly different allometric parameters.
We can therefore conclude that a non‐destructive TLS approach can now be used as an operational alternative to traditional destructive sampling to build the allometric equations, although attention must be paid to the quality of QSM model adjustments to avoid systematic bias.Numéro de notice : A2018-205 Affiliation des auteurs : LIF+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueNat DOI : 10.1111/2041-210X.12933 Date de publication en ligne : 07/11/2017 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/2041-210X.12933 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93819
in Methods in ecology and evolution > vol 9 n° 4 (April 2018) . - pp 905 - 916[article]Comparing nearest neighbor configurations in the prediction of species-specific diameter distributions / Janne Raty in Annals of Forest Science, vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)
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Titre : Comparing nearest neighbor configurations in the prediction of species-specific diameter distributions Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Janne Raty, Auteur ; Petteri Packalen, Auteur ; Matti Maltamo, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] classificateur non paramétrique
[Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres
[Termes IGN] Finlande
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] image aérienne
[Termes IGN] télémètre laser aéroporté
[Termes IGN] volume en bois
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (Auteur) We examine how the configurations in nearest neighbor imputation affect the performance of predicted species-specific diameter distributions. The simultaneous nearest neighbor imputation for all tree species and separate imputation by tree species are evaluated with total volume calibration as a prediction method for diameter distributions. This study considers the predictions of species-specific diameter distributions in Finnish boreal forests by means of airborne laser scanning (ALS) data and aerial images. The aim was to investigate different configurations in non-parametric nearest neighbor (NN) imputation and to determine how changes in configurations affect prediction error rates for timber assortment volumes and the error indices of the diameter distributions. Non-parametric NN imputation was used as a modeling method and was applied in two different ways: (1) diameter distributions were predicted at the same time for all tree species by simultaneous NN imputation, and (2) diameter distributions were predicted for one tree species at a time by separate NN imputation. Calibration to a regression-based total volume prediction was applied in both cases. The results indicated that significant changes in the volume prediction error rates for timber assortment and for error indices can be achieved by the selection of responses, calibration to total volume, and separate NN imputation by tree species. verall, the selection of response variables in NN imputation and calibration to total volume improved the predicted diameter distribution error rates. The most successful prediction performance of diameter distribution was achieved by separate NN imputation by tree species. Numéro de notice : A2018-314 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0711-0 Date de publication en ligne : 06/03/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0711-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90438
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)[article]Evaluation of 10-year temporal and spatial variability in structure and growth across contrasting commercial thinning treatments in spruce-fir forests of northern Maine, USA / Christian Kuehne in Annals of Forest Science, vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)
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Titre : Evaluation of 10-year temporal and spatial variability in structure and growth across contrasting commercial thinning treatments in spruce-fir forests of northern Maine, USA Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Christian Kuehne, Auteur ; Aaron R. Weiskittel, Auteur ; Arne Pommerening, Auteur ; Robert G. Wagner, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Abies balsamea
[Termes IGN] arbre aléatoire
[Termes IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] Maine (Etats-Unis)
[Termes IGN] Picea rubens
[Termes IGN] Pinus strobus
[Termes IGN] station forestière
[Termes IGN] thuja (genre)
[Vedettes matières IGN] SylvicultureRésumé : (Auteur) Key message: Detailed measures of growth pattern and structural heterogeneity applied in this study helped to quantify the immediate effects of various thinning regimes on forest structure and the resulting alterations in tree size as well as observed longer term stand dynamics.
Context: Forest management, stand structure, and tree growth are highly inter-correlated. Prior analyses, however, have resulted in mixed outcomes with limited success in revealing ecological mechanisms.
Aims: The study aimed at evaluating the relationship between forest structure and stand dynamics by applying several sophisticated measures of growth pattern and structural heterogeneity.
Methods : Data from a controlled and fully stem-mapped commercial thinning experiment with seven contrasting treatments including a non-thinned control at six locations across the Acadian Forest of Maine, USA, was used. Stand-level attributes examined included tree size and growth heterogeneity, spatial tree distribution, and growth dominance.
Results: Thinning generally reduced stand structural heterogeneity compared to the non-thinned control. In addition, the spatial arrangement of trees changed from fully random (non-thinned control) to a more clustered (removal of dominant and co-dominant individuals) or regular distribution (removal of intermediate and suppressed individuals). Overall, stand growth exhibited increasing (non-thinned control, removal of intermediate and suppressed individuals) or decreasing growth dominance of large trees (removal of co-dominant competitors). Forwarder trails increased basal area growth of individual trees up to a distance from the trail of approximately 5 m.
Conclusion: Findings of this study validate an earlier insight according to which interactions between management practices, forest structure, and tree growth form a permanent feedback loop.
KeywordsNuméro de notice : A2018-315 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0697-7 Date de publication en ligne : 26/02/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0697-7 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90439
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)[article]Optimal management of larch (Larix olgensis A. Henry) plantations in Northeast China when timber production and carbon stock are considered / Wei Peng in Annals of Forest Science, vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)
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Titre : Optimal management of larch (Larix olgensis A. Henry) plantations in Northeast China when timber production and carbon stock are considered Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Wei Peng, Auteur ; Timo Pukkala, Auteur ; Xingji Jin, Auteur ; Fengri Li, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Chine
[Termes IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture)
[Termes IGN] économie forestière
[Termes IGN] Larix olgensis
[Termes IGN] modèle dynamique
[Termes IGN] plantation forestière
[Termes IGN] production agricole végétale
[Termes IGN] puits de carbone
[Termes IGN] ressources forestières
[Termes IGN] volume en bois
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (Auteur) Key message : The optimal management of larch (Larix olgensis) plantations in Northeast China consisted of 2 or 3 thinnings and a rotation length of 55–61 years when economic profitability, wood production, and carbon sequestration were simultaneously maximized. Wood production ranged from 5.4 to 11.7 m3 ha−1 a−1, depending on site quality.
Context: L. olgensis is an important tree species in the northeast forest region of China, playing a significant role in the establishment of fast-growing and high-yielding plantation forests in China. However, the management of these plantations has not been optimized in previous studies.
Aims: The objective of the study was to find the optimal combinations of thinning times, thinning types, and rotation length for L. olgensis stands when both timber production and carbon stock are considered.
Methods: First, a growth and yield model was developed to simulate the dynamics of larch plantations. Then, the models were linked with the Hooke and Jeeves optimization algorithm to optimize forest management for two commonly used planting densities and three site qualities.
Results: Two thinnings were found to be suitable for larch plantations when the stand density at 10 years was 2125 trees/ha (corresponding to a planting density of 2500 trees/ha) whereas three thinnings were recommended when the density at 10 years was 2800 trees/ha (planting density of 3300 trees/ha). When the stand density was 2800 trees/ha, the optimal rotation length was 61, 58, and 55 years for site indices (SI) 12, 16, and 20 m (dominant height at 30 years), respectively. The mean annual wood production was 5.4 m3 ha−1 for SI 12, 8.2 m3 ha−1 for SI 16, and 11.7 m3 ha−1 for SI 20. The results were nearly the same for the lower initial stand density. The better the site quality of the stand, the earlier the thinnings were conducted.
Conclusion: In multifunctional forestry, optimal rotation lengths of larch plantations were 10–20 years longer than advised in the current silvicultural recommendations for Northeast China.Numéro de notice : A2018-320 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s13595-018-0739-1 Date de publication en ligne : 04/06/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-018-0739-1 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90455
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 75 n° 1 (March 2018)[article]Progrès de la cartographie forestière mais persistance d'incertitudes : Cas de Madagascar / Georges Serpantié in Cartes & Géomatique, n° 235-236 (mars - juin 2018)
[article]
Titre : Progrès de la cartographie forestière mais persistance d'incertitudes : Cas de Madagascar Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Georges Serpantié, Auteur ; Jean-François Girres , Auteur
Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 287 - 309 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] biais cognitif
[Termes IGN] carte ancienne
[Termes IGN] carte forestière
[Termes IGN] déboisement
[Termes IGN] écologie forestière
[Termes IGN] incertitude des données
[Termes IGN] Madagascar
[Termes IGN] politique économique
[Termes IGN] représentation cartographique
[Termes IGN] source d'erreur
[Vedettes matières IGN] CartologieRésumé : (auteur) La déforestation représente un des principaux problèmes environnementaux de Madagascar, exigeant une évaluation juste. Malgré des progrès techniques considérables, des incohérences parsèment encore la cartographie forestière. Ces distorsions entre cartes et entre données sont analysées ici travers plusieurs hypothèses : la sémantique, les écueils techniques, les regards disciplinaires, et l'influence d'enjeux politiques et financiers. Nous nous appuyons sur la comparaison de cartes et données d'une même région humide réalisées à différentes époques par différents auteurs, méthodes, sources de la détection, échelles de restitution. Le premier biais est celui du sens variable accorde à la notion de foret dans un contexte malgache aux écosystèmes particulièrement diversifies et évolutifs (biais sémantique). Le processus cartographique est ensuite perturbe par des difficultés techniques : limites de la détection, difficulté du transfert d'échelle, illusions apportées par des technologies de pointe appliquées sans les précautions d'usage, normes inadaptées et héritages anciens. Le biais disciplinaire tient à l'hégémonie de certains regards réducteurs, qui ne voient la foret qu'au travers d'une grille d'analyse limitée, ce qui joue à la fois sur la sémantique et les préoccupations, par exemple l'intérêt porté aux pertes plutôt qu'aux gains, aux forêts primaires ou aux ligneux plutôt qu'aux forêts. Les enjeux politiques et économiques lies aux agendas internationaux se sont aussi toujours invites dans le jeu cartographique.Ils risquent de culminer aujourd'hui du fait des enjeux financiers de la cartographie, l'éligibilité aux fonds environnementaux pour les gestionnaires d'aires protégées étant de plus en plus asservie aux preuves de réduction d'une déforestation. Numéro de notice : A2018-384 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueNat DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90605
in Cartes & Géomatique > n° 235-236 (mars - juin 2018) . - pp 287 - 309[article]Réservation
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