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Termes IGN > sciences naturelles > sciences de la vie > biologie > botanique > formation végétale > forêt
forêt
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Bois (forêts), Boisé, Espace boisé, Espace forestier, Essence forestière, Forêt et sylviculture, Groupement forestier (écologie), Massif forestier, Milieu forestier, Peuplement forestier, Région forestière Ressource forestière, Zone forestière. Campagne, Espace naturel. >> Arbre, Archéologie des forêts, Écologie des forêts, Foresterie, Paysage forestier, Politique forestière, Produit forestier, Sylviculture. Voir aussi aux noms des forêts, par ex. : Fontainebleau, Forêt de (Seine-et-Marne) ; Bayerischer Wald (Allemagne). >>Terme(s) spécifique(s) : Biomasse des forêts, Canopée, Forêt domaniale, Forêt privée, Plante des forêts, Réserve forestière, Sol forestier, Station forestière -- Typologie. Source(s) : Grand Larousse universel . - Terminologie forestière / A. Métro, 1975. Equiv. LCSH : Forests and forestry. Domaine(s) : 577, 580. Synonyme(s)paysage forestierVoir aussi |
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How do tree mortality models from combined tree-ring and inventory data affect projections of forest succession? / Marco Vanoni in Forest ecology and management, vol 433 (15 February 2019)
[article]
Titre : How do tree mortality models from combined tree-ring and inventory data affect projections of forest succession? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marco Vanoni, Auteur ; Maxime Cailleret, Auteur ; Lisa Hülsmann, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 606 - 617 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation
[Termes IGN] Abies alba
[Termes IGN] arbre (flore)
[Termes IGN] arbre mort
[Termes IGN] croissance des arbres
[Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres
[Termes IGN] données dendrométriques
[Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation
[Termes IGN] Europe centrale
[Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica
[Termes IGN] forêt
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] Larix decidua
[Termes IGN] modèle de croissance végétale
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] mortalité
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] Pinus cembra
[Termes IGN] prévision
[Termes IGN] Quercus (genre)
[Termes IGN] SuisseRésumé : (auteur) Tree mortality is caused by complex interactions between multiple biotic and abiotic factors. Processes of tree mortality that are not induced by natural disturbances are often reflected in distinct radial growth patterns of trees, which typically serve as reliable indicators of impending tree mortality. However, it remains unclear whether empirical mortality models that are based on tree size and growth result in more realistic projections of forest succession in dynamic vegetation models (DVMs). We used a combination of tree-ring and inventory data from unmanaged Swiss natural forest reserves to derive species-specific survival models for six Central European tree species (Abies alba, Fagus sylvatica, Larix decidua, Picea abies, Pinus cembra and Quercus spp.). We jointly used 528 tree-ring samples and inventory data from eight forest reserves. We implemented the estimated parameters of the survival models into the DVM ForClim and performed simulations of forest succession that were validated using the inventory data of the forest reserves. Size- and growth-dependent variables (i.e., diameter at breast height and mean ring width) over the last few years prior to tree death were reliable predictors to distinguish between dying and living trees. Very low mean ring widths over several preceding years as well as small and large trees, respectively, reflected low survival probabilities. However, the small sample sizes of small and large trees resulted in considerable uncertainty of the survival probabilities. The implementation of these survival models in ForClim yielded plausible projections in short-term simulations and for some sites improved the predictions compared to the current ForClim version. Stand basal area, however, tended to be overestimated. Long-term simulations of ForClim based on the empirical survival models resulted in realistic predictions only if the uncertainty of the predicted survival probabilities was considered. We conclude that the combination of different data sources in combination with the consideration of intra-specific trait variability yields robust predictions of tree survival probabilities, thus paving the way towards better tree mortality models and more reliable projections of future forest dynamics. Numéro de notice : A2019-009 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.042 Date de publication en ligne : 29/11/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.042 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91603
in Forest ecology and management > vol 433 (15 February 2019) . - pp 606 - 617[article]Leaf area density from airborne LiDAR: Comparing sensors and resolutions in a temperate broadleaf forest ecosystem / Aaron G. Kamoske in Forest ecology and management, vol 433 (15 February 2019)
[article]
Titre : Leaf area density from airborne LiDAR: Comparing sensors and resolutions in a temperate broadleaf forest ecosystem Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Aaron G. Kamoske, Auteur ; Kyla M. Dahlin, Auteur ; Scott C. Stark, Auteur ; Shawn P. Serbin, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 364 - 375 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] canopée
[Termes IGN] densité du feuillage
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] feuillu
[Termes IGN] forêt tempérée
[Termes IGN] Leaf Area Index
[Termes IGN] R (langage)
[Termes IGN] semis de points
[Termes IGN] structure d'un peuplement forestierRésumé : (auteur) Forest processes that play an essential role in carbon sequestration, such as light use efficiency, photosynthetic capacity, and trace gas exchange, are closely tied to the three-dimensional structure of forest canopies. However, the vertical distribution of leaf traits is not uniform; leaves at varying vertical positions within the canopy are physiologically unique due to differing light and environmental conditions, which leads to higher carbon storage than if light conditions were constant throughout the canopy. Due to this within-canopy variation, three-dimensional structural traits are critical to improving our estimates of global carbon cycling and storage by Earth system models and to better understanding the effects of disturbances on carbon sequestration in forested ecosystems. In this study, we describe a reproducible and open-source methodology using the R programming language for estimating leaf area density (LAD; the total leaf area per unit of volume) from airborne LiDAR. Using this approach, we compare LAD estimates at the Smithsonian Environmental Research Center in Maryland, USA, from two airborne LiDAR systems, NEON AOP and NASA G-LiHT, which differ in survey and instrument specifications, collections goals, and laser pulse densities. Furthermore, we address the impacts of the spatial scale of analysis as well as differences in canopy penetration and pulse density on LAD and leaf area index (LAI) estimates, while offering potential solutions to enhance the accuracy of these estimates. LAD estimates from airborne LiDAR can be used to describe the three-dimensional structure of forests across entire landscapes. This information can help inform forest management and conservation decisions related to the estimation of aboveground biomass and productivity, the response of forests to large-scale disturbances, the impacts of drought on forest health, the conservation of bird habitat, as well as a host of other important forest processes and responses. Numéro de notice : A2019-008 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.017 Date de publication en ligne : 21/11/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.11.017 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91601
in Forest ecology and management > vol 433 (15 February 2019) . - pp 364 - 375[article]A simple approach to forest structure classification using airborne laser scanning that can be adopted across bioregions / Syed Adnan in Forest ecology and management, vol 433 (15 February 2019)
[article]
Titre : A simple approach to forest structure classification using airborne laser scanning that can be adopted across bioregions Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Syed Adnan, Auteur ; Matti Maltamo, Auteur ; David A. Coomes, Auteur ; Antonio Garcia-Abril, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 111 - 121 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] canopée
[Termes IGN] classification ascendante hiérarchique
[Termes IGN] classification barycentrique
[Termes IGN] classification et arbre de régression
[Termes IGN] coefficient de Gini
[Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation
[Termes IGN] écorégion
[Termes IGN] hétérogénéité environnementale
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données)
[Termes IGN] Pinophyta
[Termes IGN] structure d'un peuplement forestierRésumé : (auteur) Reliable assessment of forest structural types (FSTs) aids sustainable forest management. We developed a methodology for the identification of FSTs using airborne laser scanning (ALS), and demonstrate its generality by applying it to forests from Boreal, Mediterranean and Atlantic biogeographical regions. First, hierarchal clustering analysis (HCA) was applied and clusters (FSTs) were determined in coniferous and deciduous forests using four forest structural variables obtained from forest inventory data – quadratic mean diameter , Gini coefficient , basal area larger than mean and density of stems –. Then, classification and regression tree analysis (CART) were used to extract the empirical threshold values for discriminating those clusters. Based on the classification trees, and were the most important variables in the identification of FSTs. Lower, medium and high values of and characterize single storey FSTs, multi-layered FSTs and exponentially decreasing size distributions (reversed J), respectively. Within each of these main FST groups, we also identified young/mature and sparse/dense subtypes using and . Then we used similar structural predictors derived from ALS – maximum height (), L-coefficient of variation (), L-skewness (), and percentage of penetration (), – and a nearest neighbour method to predict the FSTs. We obtained a greater overall accuracy in deciduous forest (0.87) as compared to the coniferous forest (0.72). Our methodology proves the usefulness of ALS data for structural heterogeneity assessment of forests across biogeographical regions. Our simple two-tier approach to FST classification paves the way toward transnational assessments of forest structure across bioregions. Numéro de notice : A2019-007 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2018.10.057 Date de publication en ligne : 03/11/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.10.057 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91600
in Forest ecology and management > vol 433 (15 February 2019) . - pp 111 - 121[article]A local projection-based approach to individual tree detection and 3-D crown delineation in multistoried coniferous forests using high-density airborne LiDAR data / Aravind Harikumar in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing, vol 57 n° 2 (February 2019)
[article]
Titre : A local projection-based approach to individual tree detection and 3-D crown delineation in multistoried coniferous forests using high-density airborne LiDAR data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Aravind Harikumar, Auteur ; Francesca Bovolo, Auteur ; Lorenzo Bruzzone, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 1168 - 1182 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie
[Termes IGN] arbre dominant
[Termes IGN] détection d'arbres
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] extraction de traits caractéristiques
[Termes IGN] forêt
[Termes IGN] houppier
[Termes IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes)
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface de la canopée
[Termes IGN] Pinophyta
[Termes IGN] projection
[Termes IGN] segmentation
[Termes IGN] TrenteRésumé : (Auteur) Accurate crown detection and delineation of dominant and subdominant trees are crucial for accurate inventorying of forests at the individual tree level. The state-of-the-art tree detection and crown delineation methods have good performance mostly with dominant trees, whereas exhibits a reduced accuracy when dealing with subdominant trees. In this paper, we propose a novel approach to accurately detect and delineate both the dominant and subdominant tree crowns in conifer-dominated multistoried forests using small footprint high-density airborne Light Detection and Ranging data. Here, 3-D candidate cloud segments delineated using a canopy height model segmentation technique are projected onto a novel 3-D space where both the dominant and subdominant tree crowns can be accurately detected and delineated. Tree crowns are detected using 2-D features derived from the projected data. The delineation of the crown is performed at the voxel level with the help of both the 2-D features and 3-D texture information derived from the cloud segment. The texture information is modeled by using 3-D Gray Level Co-occurrence Matrix. The performance evaluation was done on a set of six circular plots for which reference data are available. The high detection and delineation accuracies obtained over the state of the art prove the performance of the proposed method. Numéro de notice : A2019-112 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1109/TGRS.2018.2865014 Date de publication en ligne : 10/09/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1109/TGRS.2018.2865014 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92452
in IEEE Transactions on geoscience and remote sensing > vol 57 n° 2 (February 2019) . - pp 1168 - 1182[article]Biodiversity response to forest structure and management: Comparing species richness, conservation relevant species and functional diversity as metrics in forest conservation / Chiara Lelli in Forest ecology and management, vol 432 (15 January 2019)
[article]
Titre : Biodiversity response to forest structure and management: Comparing species richness, conservation relevant species and functional diversity as metrics in forest conservation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Chiara Lelli, Auteur ; Hans Henrik Bruun, Auteur ; Alessandro Chiarucci, Auteur ; Davide Donati, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 707 - 717 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation
[Termes IGN] Aves
[Termes IGN] Bryophyte
[Termes IGN] Danemark
[Termes IGN] données environnementales
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] Fagus (genre)
[Termes IGN] forêt tempérée
[Termes IGN] Fungi
[Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable
[Termes IGN] habitat (nature)
[Termes IGN] politique de conservation (biodiversité)
[Termes IGN] préservation
[Termes IGN] protection de la biodiversité
[Termes IGN] richesse floristiqueRésumé : (auteur) We investigated the consistency between richness and trait-based diversity metrics in capturing the effects of management-related habitat factors on biodiversity. The choice of biodiversity metrics can substantially affect the evaluation of conservation tools. However, the relative sensitivity of different metrics is not well investigated, especially in a multi-taxon framework. We studied 20 beech stands comprising four management types (from intensively managed to long unmanaged stands). We analyzed how management-related environmental variables were reflected in the measure of: (i) species richness, (ii) number of conservation-relevant species (red-listed species and old-growth forest indicators) and (iii) functional diversity targeting five organism groups with different habitat requirements, i.e. vascular plants, epiphytic lichens and bryophytes, saproxylic fungi and breeding birds. Plain species richness at stand level was generally misleading, as it did not capture changes in the number of conservation relevant species with changes in management-related environmental variables. The interpretation of functional responses was most informative for the better known vascular plants, while responses were more fragmented for the other organism groups. Overall, however, functional responses were consistent with a loss of specialization and progressive simplification of species assemblages from long-unmanaged to intensively managed stands. Our findings suggest that the occurrence of conservation-relevant species is a sound and relevant metric for planning and evaluating conservation actions, especially for less studied organism groups (e.g., saproxylic fungi and epiphytes). The functional approach is promising, but presupposes the availability of databases of relevant traits. Numéro de notice : A2019-006 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.057 Date de publication en ligne : 11/10/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2018.09.057 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91599
in Forest ecology and management > vol 432 (15 January 2019) . - pp 707 - 717[article]Testing the generality of below-ground biomass allometry across plant functional types / Keryn I. Paul in Forest ecology and management, vol 432 (15 January 2019)Permalink3D radiative transfer modeling over complex vegetation canopies and forest reconstruction from LIDAR measurements / Jianbo Qi (2019)PermalinkPermalinkAnalysis and modelling of the wood density variability of the French forest species for the assessment of the forest biomass under climatic change [diaporama] / Jean-Michel Leban (2019)PermalinkBridging the gap: toward a French MS-NFI for territories / Jean-Pierre Renaud (2019)PermalinkCarDen: A software for fast measurement of wood density on increment cores by CT scanning / Philippe Jacquin in Computers and Electronics in Agriculture, vol 156 (January 2019)PermalinkPermalinkÉvaluation de la dégradation des forêts primaires par télédétection dans un espace de front pionnier consolidé d’Amazonie orientale (Paragominas) / Ali Fadhil Hasan (2019)PermalinkExploitation of hyperspectral data for assessing vegetation health under exposure to petroleum hydrocarbons / Guillaume Lassalle (2019)PermalinkPermalink