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Titre : Automated aggregation of geographic objects : a new approach to the conceptual generalisation of geographic databases Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : J.W.N. van Smaalen, Auteur Editeur : Delft : Netherlands Geodetic Commission NGC Année de publication : 2003 Collection : Netherlands Geodetic Commission Publications on Geodesy, ISSN 0165-1706 num. 55 Importance : 94 p. Format : 17 x 24 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-90-6132-282-5 Note générale : Bibliographie
doctoral dissertationLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] agrégation de données
[Termes IGN] base de données localisées
[Termes IGN] généralisation cartographique automatisée
[Termes IGN] généralisation de base de données
[Termes IGN] implémentation (informatique)
[Termes IGN] modèle (conceptuel) de généralisation
[Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données
[Termes IGN] modèle topologique de données
[Termes IGN] relation spatiale
[Termes IGN] représentation multiple
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationRésumé : (Auteur) Since the late 1960's automated methods for map generalisation have been studied, but thus far no comprehensive system has been achieved. This is due to the general complexity of the matter, part of which is caused by the inability to separate the conceptual and the graphic issues. These aspects of map generalisation are considered separate issues ever since the advent of GIS but in practice it has been difficult to disconnect the conceptual issues from the impediments of graphic representation, either in the form of a paper map or on a computer screen. Current research into automated map generalisation generally appears to be in a cul-de-sac for this reason.
This study therefore aims to concentrate on strictly non-graphic operations and large generalisation steps, i.e. big scale changes. Whereas most existing methods work towards a clear end result, this approach does not. Instead, it is entirely based on the input data. Minimizing generalisation errors is a priority and assessment of the generalisation results is also an issue to consider. The goal is to develop a system for the generalisation of object-and vector-based categorical maps, such as large-scale topographic data, that is to a large extent automated and can be operated by non-expert users. In the past, several generalisation procedures have been developed for individual objects and dichotomous maps, but the number of procedures for categorical maps is still limited and the methods that do exist rely on similarity and importance factors that are hard to determine.
Large-scale categorical data mostly form an area partition, i.e. the whole spatial extent of the dataset is covered by objects and the objects do not overlap. This implies that objects cannot simply be removed - since this would cause 'holes' -but have to be combined or aggregated.
Objects can be aggregated based on taxonomy or partonomy relationships. Taxonomy relationships are based on similarity between the objects or classes. Aggregation based on taxonomy relationships has been described extensively in map generalisation literature, but only works within a limited spatial range. Since this study is aimed at large-scale changes it is based on the much less described partonomy relationships. Inter-object and inter-class relationships are used to determine functionally related classes in order to aggregate the object instances of the class. It is assumed that spatial correlations indicate functional relationships. The class adjacency index is used as a measure of spatial correlation between classes. Combinations of classes with a high class adjacency index are likely candidates for the creation of composite classes. Adjacent objects of these classes can subsequently be aggregated and reclassified to create composite objects.
The class adjacency index is determined based on adjacency measures of the member objects. The input dataset must therefore form a topologically correct, object-based area partition. The implementation is based on a stored adjacency graph and uses regular relational database management software. The data model is object-based and supports the concept of composite objects. In the process a multiple representations dataset is produced by connecting the composite objects created in every aggregation cycle to the constituent parts in the previous level.
The process can be fully automated but it is also possible to allow user interaction at several points in the process without compromising the approach. Since it is entirely based on characteristics of the input dataset, the method is also suited for exploratory purposes. To a certain degree, the meaning of the classes is not even relevant, although in interactive mode the user naturally has to be aware of the classes.
The method was applied to two Dutch topographic datasets: TOP10 vector and GBKN. The results show that this is a very promising method for conceptual generalisation. The concept of composite classes makes that generalisation errors are not an issue. Therefore, it cannot be evaluated using conventional generalisation effect measures. The output of the aggregation process is not readily suitable for mapping purposes, and additional cartographic generalisation is in that case required. The current implementation is not intended as a complete solution for conceptual generalisation. But since it is set in an environment of other conceptual generalisation operations, such as structural generalisation and extended adjacency graphs, it can be extended to create such a comprehensive system.Note de contenu : Chapter 1 : Introduction
Chapter 2 : Related literature
Chapter 3 : Conceptual data model
Chapter 4 : Abstraction process
Chapter 5 : Datasets
Chapter 6 : Implementation
Chapter 7 : Results and discussion
Chapter 8 : Conclusions and recommendationsNuméro de notice : 15084 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : PhD thesis : Geo-information : Wageningen University : 2003 DOI : sans En ligne : https://www.ncgeo.nl/downloads/55VanSmaalen.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=55057 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 15084-02 37.10 Livre Centre de documentation Géomatique Disponible 15084-01 37.10 Livre Centre de documentation Géomatique Disponible 15084-03 37.10 Livre Centre de documentation Géomatique Disponible Automated map generalisation using communicating agents / Cécile Duchêne (2003)
Titre : Automated map generalisation using communicating agents Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Cécile Duchêne , Auteur Editeur : International Cartographic Association ICA - Association cartographique internationale ACI Année de publication : 2003 Conférence : ICC 2003, 21st International Cartographic Conference of ICA 10/08/2003 16/08/2003 Durban Afrique du sud Importance : pp 160 - 169 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] AGENT
[Termes IGN] agent (intelligence artificielle)
[Termes IGN] généralisation cartographique automatisée
[Termes IGN] Lamps2
[Termes IGN] objet géographique
[Termes IGN] placement automatique des objets
[Termes IGN] système expert
[Termes IGN] système multi-agents
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationRésumé : (Auteur) This research is concerned with automating the generalisation of topographic databases, in order to produce topographic maps. We use an agent-oriented approach : the geographic features (roads, rivers, buildings etc.) are modelled as autonomous agents, as previously undertaken within the European AGENT project (1). To handle rural areas, our approach consists of letting these agents interact so that each of them either finds a new location and geometric representation or eliminates itself, so that the whole fits within the generalisation specifications. For this, our agents are provided with capacities to perceive their spatial environment, as well as an ability to communicate with surrounding agents. This approach has been implemented and tested on real geographical data. In this paper we describe the system. Some encouraging results are presented and discussed. Numéro de notice : C2003-016 Affiliation des auteurs : COGIT (1988-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=64995 B-spline functions and wavelets for geographic line generalization / Eric Saux in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 30 n° 1 (January 2003)
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Titre : B-spline functions and wavelets for geographic line generalization Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Eric Saux, Auteur Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : pp 33 - 50 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] B-Spline
[Termes IGN] données multiéchelles
[Termes IGN] généralisation cartographique automatisée
[Termes IGN] lissage de courbe
[Termes IGN] objet géographique linéaire
[Termes IGN] ondelette
[Termes IGN] polyligne
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationRésumé : (Auteur) Most line processing algorithms developed so far in cartographic generalization focus on polygonal curves (or polylines). This representation model is sometimes not sufficient for certain processes due to its lack of continuity or smoothness. Indeed, it may provide poor résults for lines having "smooth" initial shapes such as roads. Thus, we suggest using a modeling method based on B-spline curves. A maritime case study described in this paper shows that this representation provides good results at a fixed scale and is suitable for several automatic line cartographic generalization operators (smoothing, displacement, aggregation and compression). Lastly, we discuss the application of B-spline wavelets used in dealing with multiscaling. Numéro de notice : A2003-051 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1559/152304003100010938 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1559/152304003100010938 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=22347
in Cartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 30 n° 1 (January 2003) . - pp 33 - 50[article]Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 032-03011 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible
contenu dans AAMAS 03: Proceedings of the second international joint conference on autonomous agents and multiagent systems, July 14-18, 2003, Melbourne, Australia / Jeffrey S. Rosenschein (2003)
Titre : Cartographic generalisation using cooperative agents Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Cécile Duchêne , Auteur ; Christophe Cambier, Auteur Editeur : New York [Etats-Unis] : Association for computing machinery ACM Année de publication : 2003 Conférence : AAMAS 2003, 2nd international joint conference on autonomous agents and multiagent system 14/07/2003 18/07/2003 Melbourne Australie Proceedings ACM Importance : pp 976 - 978 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] agent (intelligence artificielle)
[Termes IGN] généralisation cartographique automatisée
[Termes IGN] Lamps2
[Termes IGN] modèle orienté agent
[Termes IGN] objet géographique
[Termes IGN] placement automatique des objets
[Termes IGN] système expert
[Termes IGN] système multi-agents
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationRésumé : (auteur) We use a multi-agent approach to automatically perform cartographic generalisation, a task of the cartography domain that aims to simplify a digital map in order to produce another digital map with less details. Our agents are geographical objects such as houses, roads, rivers, etc. The agents interact so that each of them finds a new place and geometric representation that fits to the final map requirements. The principles of our approach are described here and some preliminary results are shown. Numéro de notice : C2003-017 Affiliation des auteurs : COGIT+Ext (1988-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl DOI : 10.1145/860575.860753 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1145/860575.860753 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82710
contenu dans Workshop on progress in automated map generalization, IGN, St Mandé (Paris), France, 28 - 30 April 2003 / Commission on map generalization ICA (2003)
Titre : Coordinative agents for automated generalisation of rural areas Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Cécile Duchêne , Auteur Editeur : International Cartographic Association ICA - Association cartographique internationale ACI Année de publication : 2003 Conférence : ICA 2003, 7th workshop commission on Progress in automated map generalisation 28/04/2003 30/04/2003 Paris France OA Proceedings Importance : 8 p. Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] base de données topographiques
[Termes IGN] généralisation cartographique automatisée
[Termes IGN] objet géographique
[Termes IGN] représentation multiple
[Termes IGN] système multi-agents
[Termes IGN] zone rurale
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationRésumé : (Auteur) We work on automating the generalisation of topographic databases, in order to produce topographic maps. We use an agent-oriented approach: the geographic features (roads, rivers, buildings etc.) are modelled as autonomous agents, as it has previously been done within the European AGENT project. To handle rural areas, our approach then consists in letting these agents interact so that each of them either finds its new place and geometric representation or eliminates itself, so that the whole fits to the generalisation specifications. For that, our agents are provided with capacities of perception of their spatial environment, as well as capacities of dialoguing with the surrounding agents. This approach has been implemented and tested on real subsets of data. In this paper we describe the system. Some encouraging results are also presented and discussed. Numéro de notice : C2003-026 Affiliation des auteurs : COGIT (1988-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl DOI : sans En ligne : https://kartographie.geo.tu-dresden.de/downloads/ica-gen/workshop2003/duchene_v1 [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=65005 L'évaluation de la généralisation / Sylvain Bard in Géomatique expert, n° 22 (01/01/2003)PermalinkPermalinkGénéralisation cartographique avec des agents qui voient et communiquent / Cécile Duchêne (2003)PermalinkGestion des connaissances imprécises pour évaluer la généralisation cartographique / Sylvain Bard (2003)PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalinkRéalisation d'une interface de consultation pour les traitements de généralisation / P. Michaux (2003)PermalinkRepresentation of generalized map series using semi-structured data models / Emmanuel Stefanakis in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 30 n° 1 (January 2003)PermalinkSemantic processing of spatial data, GEOPRO 2003, Mexico, November 2003 / S. Levachkine (2003)Permalink