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système d'information géographiqueSynonyme(s)Système d'information sur le territoire ;système d'information localisée ;système d'information à référence spatiale ;SIRS ;SIG gisVoir aussi |
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Urban growth simulations in order to represent the impacts of constructions and environmental constraints on urban sprawl / Mojtaba Eslahi (2019)
Titre : Urban growth simulations in order to represent the impacts of constructions and environmental constraints on urban sprawl Titre original : Simulations de croissance urbaine pour représenter les impacts possibles des constructions et des contraintes environnementales sur l’étalement urbain Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Mojtaba Eslahi, Auteur ; Anne Ruas , Directeur de thèse Editeur : Champs/Marne : Université Paris-Est Année de publication : 2019 Importance : 254 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Thèse Université Paris-Est, discipline Sciences et Technologies de l’Information Géographique en Informatique à l'IFSTTARLangues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale
[Termes IGN] automate cellulaire
[Termes IGN] bâtiment
[Termes IGN] croissance urbaine
[Termes IGN] démographie
[Termes IGN] dynamique spatiale
[Termes IGN] étalement urbain
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] politique publique
[Termes IGN] politique territoriale
[Termes IGN] simulation spatiale
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] urbanisation
[Termes IGN] utilisation du solIndex. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) The process of urbanization occurs mainly due to population growth, rural exodus to cities and life style that often induces the nearly irreversible changes. It increases the artificial lands, which affect the biodiversity, ecosystems, urban climate, and reduces land for agriculture and natural areas. The focus of this thesis is to simulate diverse urbanization scenarios in order to improve public policies decision making. To do this, the SLEUTH model is used in order to investigate the impacts of building types and environmental rules on urban sprawl. In the method used, the SLEUTH model integrates more topographic data, urban tissue and demographic data, including geographical features and the environmental constraints. The main challenge in this research is to propose different urban sprawl scenarios for different kind of environmental rules while taking into account the population demand or at least population growth estimation. The SLEUTH model is one of the well-known cellular automata simulation models, which matches the dynamic simulation of urban expansion and adapts to morphological model of the urban configuration. SLEUTH, like many other urban growth simulation methods, considers only the historical data. Although, the impacts of population growth and urban tissue are implicitly considered during the calibration phase on the historical urban maps, changes in population growth rate or in building types cannot be included in its simulations. Moreover, the SLEUTH results are limited to raster data that are difficult to interpret for decision makers. The results are some pixels on which urbanization is supposed to occur, which do not make much sense from urbanism point of view. Therefore, our research aims to diversify the simulation possibilities integrating explicitly factors of building types according to population growth and providing visual methods to view urban growth scenario results in 2D and even 3D. In order to improve the SLEUTH results, different 2D urban growth simulation scenarios have been defined based on the SLEUTH model by adding buildings type and the estimation of the population growth as urban fabric factors. Each simulation corresponds to policies that are more or less restrictive of spaces considering what these territories can accommodate as a type of building and as a global population. In addition, the simulations can help the user to protect the desired lands such as the environmental spaces from urbanization. These scenarios show the simulation capabilities of the model and make it possible to improve our understanding of an urban sprawl simulation. Three different case studies with various sizes and populations are used including Toulouse metropolitan, Saint Sulpice la Pointe and Rieucros to provide a view of the effectiveness of the proposed method on several scales. The results evaluation indicates that the proposed method makes different simulations that correspond to different land priorities and constraints. It helps to see which land can be protected (where) and how building type can be used to constrain urban sprawl (how much). A 3D representation for each prospective urban growth simulations is provided in order to facilitate the interpretation of the SLEUTH simulation and differentiate the scenarios. The findings allow having different images of the city of tomorrow for applying it to urban policies. Note de contenu : Introduction
1- Urbanization and Urban Modeling
2- Methodology and Fundamentals for Model Construction
3- Application of the Model to Diversify the Simulations of Urban Sprawl
4- Creation of Fictive 3D Buildings to Facilitate the Interpretation of Simulation Results and Differentiate Scenarios
5- Conclusion and PerspectivesNuméro de notice : 25910 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Informatique/Modélisation et simulation : Paris-Est : 2019 Organisme de stage : Institut de Recherche en Constructibilité IRC (IFSTTAR) nature-HAL : Thèse DOI : sans En ligne : https://hal.science/tel-02493929 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95906 Detection of individual trees in urban alignment from airborne data and contextual information: A marked point process approach / Josselin Aval in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 146 (December 2018)
[article]
Titre : Detection of individual trees in urban alignment from airborne data and contextual information: A marked point process approach Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Josselin Aval, Auteur ; Jean Demuynck, Auteur ; Emmanuel Zenou, Auteur ; Sophie Fabre, Auteur ; David Sheeren , Auteur ; Mathieu Fauvel, Auteur ; Karine R.M. Adeline, Auteur ; Xavier Briottet , Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 197 - 210 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications photogrammétriques
[Termes IGN] arbre urbain
[Termes IGN] canopée
[Termes IGN] détection d'arbres
[Termes IGN] données lidar
[Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres
[Termes IGN] houppier
[Termes IGN] image hyperspectrale
[Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface
[Termes IGN] prise en compte du contexte
[Termes IGN] processus ponctuel marqué
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] Toulouse
[Termes IGN] zone urbaineRésumé : (Auteur) With the current expansion of cities, urban trees have an important role for preserving the health of its inhabitants. With their evapotranspiration, they reduce the urban heat island phenomenon, by trapping CO2 emission, improve air quality. In particular, street trees or alignment trees, create shade on the road network, are structuring elements of the cities and decorate the roads. Street trees are also subject to specific conditions as they have little space for growth, are pruned and can be affected by the spread of diseases in single-species plantations. Thus, their detection, identification and monitoring are necessary. In this study, an approach is proposed for mapping these trees that are characteristic of the urban environment. Three areas of the city of Toulouse in the south of France are studied. Airborne hyperspectral data and a Digital Surface Model (DSM) for high vegetation detection are used. Then, contextual information is used to identify the street trees. Indeed, Geographic Information System (GIS) data are considered to detect the vegetation canopies close to the streets. Afterwards, individual street tree crown delineation is carried out by modeling the discriminative contextual features of individual street trees (hypotheses of small angle between the trees and similar heights) based on Marked Point Process (MPP). Compared to a baseline individual tree crown delineation method based on region growing, our method logically provides the best results with F-score values of 91%, 75% and 85% against 70%, 41% and 20% for the three studied areas respectively. Our approach mainly succeeds in identifying the street trees. In addition, the contribution of the angle, the height and the GIS data in the street tree mapping has been studied. The results encourage the use of the angle, the height and the GIS data together. However, with only the angle and the height, the results are similar to those obtained with the inclusion of the GIS data for the first and the second study cases with F-score values of 88%, 79% and 62% against 91%, 75% and 85% for the three study cases respectively. Finally, it is shown that the GIS data only is not sufficient. Numéro de notice : A2018-538 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.09.016 Date de publication en ligne : 21/10/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.isprsjprs.2018.09.016 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91552
in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing > vol 146 (December 2018) . - pp 197 - 210[article]Exemplaires(3)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 081-2018131 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible 081-2018133 DEP-EXM Revue LASTIG Dépôt en unité Exclu du prêt 081-2018132 DEP-EAF Revue Nancy Dépôt en unité Exclu du prêt Une IDS, oui, mais pour quoi faire ? / Anonyme in Géomatique expert, n° 125 (novembre - décembre 2018)
[article]
Titre : Une IDS, oui, mais pour quoi faire ? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Anonyme, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 17 - 21 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] données localisées
[Termes IGN] recherche d'information géographique
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (Auteur) La mode est aux IDS, les infrastructures de données géographiques. Que ce soit au niveau régional ou au niveau intercommunal, les initiatives se multiplient pour offrir aux utilisateurs d’information géographique des guichets uniques d’accès. Mais pas que. Numéro de notice : A2018-624 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92915
in Géomatique expert > n° 125 (novembre - décembre 2018) . - pp 17 - 21[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité IFN-001-P002099 PER Revue Nogent-sur-Vernisson Salle périodiques Exclu du prêt Toward a participatory VGI methodology : crowdsourcing information on regional food assets / Victoria Fast in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 32 n° 11-12 (November - December 2018)
[article]
Titre : Toward a participatory VGI methodology : crowdsourcing information on regional food assets Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Victoria Fast, Auteur ; Claus Rinner, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 2209 - 2224 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] alimentation
[Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles
[Termes IGN] exploitation agricole
[Termes IGN] participation du public
[Termes IGN] production participative
[Termes IGN] SIG participatifRésumé : (Auteur) Local knowledge has been underrepresented in food-related policies and planning. The goal of this research was to engage members of a local food community and generate volunteered geographic information (VGI) on community food assets. During active data collection, over 200 food assets were reported. This paper details the systematic approach used to create VGI, which emphasizes the socio-cultural context surrounding the mapping technology. The project began with an identified need to connect to and learn from the local food community. The participants were drawn from active food system stakeholders, and a Geoweb infrastructure was selected based on publicly available crowdsourcing tools. The resulting VGI is presented according to system functions: input (Web traffic, contributors, input types), management (contribution vetting, privacy), analysis (typology of input), and presentation (sharing the submitted data). Despite limitations, this study revealed a hyper-local and community-driven perspective on food assets, opened access to government and private data, and increased the transparency and accessibility of information on the regional food system. This research also revealed that there is a growing need for intermediaries who can bridge the gap between experts in the subject matter and experts in digitally enabled participation, and a need for non-government open data repositories. Numéro de notice : A2018-522 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/13658816.2018.1480784 Date de publication en ligne : 05/06/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2018.1480784 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91347
in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 32 n° 11-12 (November - December 2018) . - pp 2209 - 2224[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 079-2018061 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Géomarketing : se placer au plus près du client / Hubert d' Erceville in SIGmag, n° 18 (octobre 2018)
[article]
Titre : Géomarketing : se placer au plus près du client Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Hubert d' Erceville, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 24 - 31 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications SIG
[Termes IGN] géomercatique
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (Auteur) Plus que jamais, le SIG s'impose comme le premier outil de géomarketing dans les organisations cherchant à être au plus près de leurs clients. Avec le développement des modèles prédictifs et les données de flux de mobilité, les chiffres d'affaires prévisionnels de certains emplacements sont évalués à 3% près. SIGMAG vous propose notamment de découvrir sept actions dans lesquelles le géomarketing excelle et dont plus personne ne peut aujourd'hui se passer. Numéro de notice : A2018-429 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtSansCL DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90984
in SIGmag > n° 18 (octobre 2018) . - pp 24 - 31[article]Exemplaires(2)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 147-2018031 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible 147-2018032 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Disponible Valuable components of CyberGIS : Expert viewpoints through Q‐method interviews / Forrest J. Bowlick in Transactions in GIS, vol 22 n° 5 (October 2018)PermalinkAgricultural land values using Geographic Information Systems : design location model and tools for information available by geoportal. Application to a Spanish agricultural area / Inmaculada Marques-Perez in Survey review, vol 50 n° 363 (September 2018)PermalinkLa cartographie mobile et le géoréférencement précis de réseaux souterrains / Garance Weller in XYZ, n° 156 (septembre - novembre 2018)PermalinkOpening GIScience : A process-based approach / Jerry Shannon in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 32 n° 9-10 (September - October 2018)PermalinkThe potential of Web-GIS and geovisual analytics in the context of marine cadastre / Agnieszka Dawidowicz in Survey review, vol 50 n° 363 (September 2018)PermalinkMethod for the analysis and visualization of similar flow hotspot patterns between different regional groups / Haiping Zhang in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 7 n° 8 (August 2018)PermalinkProcessing BIM and GIS models in practice: Experiences and recommendations from a geoBIM project in The Netherlands / Ken Arroyo Ohori in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 7 n° 8 (August 2018)Permalink3D WebGIS : from visualization to analysis. An efficient browser-based 3D line-of-sight analysis / Michael Auer in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 7 n° 7 (July 2018)PermalinkLe FOSS4G-fr version 2018 / Anonyme in Géomatique expert, n° 122 (mai-juin 2018)PermalinkL’opérateur de collage : Gestion de plusieurs points de vue dans un contexte spatial / Géraldine Del Mondo in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 28 n° 3 (juillet - septembre 2018)Permalink