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Termes IGN > environnement > écologie
écologie
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Bionomie, Influence du milieu. Science de l'environnement. >> Aspect de l'environnement, Biologie des populations, Catastrophe écologique, Écologie animale, Écologie végétale, Écosystème, Environnement, Habitat (écologie). >>Terme(s) spécifique(s) : Adaptation (biologie), Socialisme et écologie, Macroécologie, Autoécologie, Bioclimatologie, Biome, Éco-industrie, Écologie agricole, Écologie appliquée, Écologie chimique, Écologie moléculaire, Écologie spatiale, Écophysiologie, Géoécologie, Hétérogénéité écologique, Intégrité écologique, Paléoécologie, Radioécologie, Restauration écologique, Succession écologique. Equiv. LCSH : Ecology. Domaine(s) : 570. Voir aussi |
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Effects of drought and heat on forest insect populations in relation to the 2003 drought in Western Europe / Gaëlle Rouault in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)
[article]
Titre : Effects of drought and heat on forest insect populations in relation to the 2003 drought in Western Europe Titre original : Effet de la sécheresse et de la canicule de 2003 sur les populations d'insectes ravageurs forestiers en Europe centrale et occidentale Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Gaëlle Rouault, Auteur ; Jean-Noël Candau, Auteur ; François Lieutier, Auteur ; Louis-Michel Nageleisen, Auteur ; Jean-Claude Martin, Auteur ; Nathalie Warzée, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 613 - 624 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation
[Termes IGN] Europe centrale
[Termes IGN] Europe occidentale
[Termes IGN] insecte nuisible
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] stress hydrique
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (Auteur) Although drought affects directly tree physiology and growth, the impact of secondary factors (insect pests, pathogens and fire) is often greater than the impact of the original stress and can lead to important tree mortality. In 2003, Western and Central Europe experienced a drought and heat waves that led to extensive forest damage. This paper reports on the impacts of drought and high temperatures on forest insect populations in the context of this exceptional event. Observations of changes in population levels of the main European forest insect pests during and after the drought are presented and discussed in the light of current knowledge and theories of interactions between drought and insects. We investigated the direct effects of drought on life history traits and indirect effects through physiological changes experienced by host trees. Forest pest insects were separated in 4 feeding guilds: woodborers, leaf-chewers, leaf-miners and leaf-suckers. The impact of water stress varied according to feeding guilds. Woodborers were positively influenced by prolonged water stress and the decline of host resistance. In contrast, defoliators profited better from the increased nitrogen in plant tissues linked to moderate or intermittent water stress. Field observations showed the importance of the soil water status in tree resistance against pest attacks. Thus, the 2003 drought confirmed observations from earlier droughts that, is case of bad choice of tree species in some plantations, site matching becomes a prominent and primary cause of the development of pest outbreaks. This exceptional drought may give us some indication of the impacts of extreme climatic events. However, observations of the performance at the individual level were not sufficient for predicting long-term insect population dynamics, which depends on complex interactions between biotic and abiotic factors. Numéro de notice : A2006-668 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006044 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006044 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72725
in Annals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 613 - 624[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité IFN-001-P000644 PER Revue Nogent-sur-Vernisson Archives périodiques Exclu du prêt Impact of summer drought on forest biodiversity: what do we know? / Frédéric Archaux in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)
[article]
Titre : Impact of summer drought on forest biodiversity: what do we know? Titre original : Impact de la sécheresse estivale sur la biodiversité forestière : que savons-nous ? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Frédéric Archaux, Auteur ; Volkmar Wolters, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 645 - 652 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] biodiversité
[Termes IGN] écologie forestière
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (Auteur) To date, very few studies have assessed the impact of summer droughts on forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Decreased ecosystem productivity and increased mortality are general consequences of drought on biodiversity. Competitive species, species adapted to cold and wet conditions as well as species with low reproduction rates and/or limited mobility seem the more affected. However, species-specific effects are regulated by mechanisms allowing for resistance to drought. The short-term consequences of drought on biodiversity depend on species abilities to resist, and to recover after, drought, and on competitive interactions between species. Although the abundance of many species generally decreases during drought, some taxa may increase in number during drought or shortly after. The effects of recurrent droughts must be evaluated in the wider context of global climate and habitat change. Considering the predicted increase in drought frequency and intensity, interdisciplinary research initiatives on this issue are needed urgently. Numéro de notice : A2006-670 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006041 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006041 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72727
in Annals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 645 - 652[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité IFN-001-P000644 PER Revue Nogent-sur-Vernisson Archives périodiques Exclu du prêt Mapping carbon and water vapor fluxes in a chaparral ecosystem using vegetation indices derived from AVIRIS / D.A. Fuentes in Remote sensing of environment, vol 103 n° 3 (15 August 2006)
[article]
Titre : Mapping carbon and water vapor fluxes in a chaparral ecosystem using vegetation indices derived from AVIRIS Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : D.A. Fuentes, Auteur ; John A. Gamon, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 312 - 323 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] analyse diachronique
[Termes IGN] Californie (Etats-Unis)
[Termes IGN] circulation atmosphérique
[Termes IGN] dioxyde de carbone
[Termes IGN] données de terrain
[Termes IGN] écosystème
[Termes IGN] image AVIRIS
[Termes IGN] image hyperspectrale
[Termes IGN] indice de végétation
[Termes IGN] réflectance spectrale
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] vapeur d'eauRésumé : (Auteur) Using simple models derived from spectral reflectance, we mapped the patterns of ecosystem CO2 and water fluxes in a semi-arid site in southern California during a period of extreme disturbance, marked by drought and fire. Employing a combination of low (not, vert, similar 2 km) and high (not, vert, similar 16 km) altitude images from the hyperspectral Airborne Visible Infrared Imaging Spectrometer (AVIRIS), acquired between April 2002 and September 2003, and ground data collected from an automated tram system, several vegetation indices were calculated for Sky Oaks field station, a FLUXNET and SpecNet site located in northern San Diego County (CA, USA). Based on the relationships observed between the fluxes measured by the eddy covariance tower and the vegetation indices, net CO2 and water vapor flux maps were derived for the region around the flux tower. Despite differences in the scale of the images (from not, vert, similar 2 m to 16 m pixel size) as well as marked differences in environmental conditions (drought in 2002, recovery in early 2003, and fire in mid 2003), net CO2 and water flux modeled from AVIRIS-derived reflectance indices (NDVI, PRI and WBI) effectively tracked changes in tower fluxes across both drought and fire, and readily revealed spatial variation in fluxes within this landscape. After an initial period of net carbon uptake, drought and fire caused the ecosystem to lose carbon to the atmosphere during most of the study period. Our study shows the power of integrating optical and flux data in LUE models to better understand factors driving surface-atmosphere carbon and water vapor flux cycles, one of the main goals of SpecNet. Numéro de notice : A2006-333 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2005.10.028 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2005.10.028 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=28057
in Remote sensing of environment > vol 103 n° 3 (15 August 2006) . - pp 312 - 323[article]MODIS enhanced vegetation index predicts tree species richness across forested ecoregions in the contiguous USA / R.H. Waring in Remote sensing of environment, vol 103 n° 2 (30/07/2006)
[article]
Titre : MODIS enhanced vegetation index predicts tree species richness across forested ecoregions in the contiguous USA Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : R.H. Waring, Auteur ; Nicholas C. Coops, Auteur ; Weiliang Fan, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 218 - 226 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] biodiversité
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] Enhanced vegetation index
[Termes IGN] Etats-Unis
[Termes IGN] forêt
[Termes IGN] image Terra-MODIS
[Termes IGN] Ploynôme
[Termes IGN] production agricole végétaleRésumé : (Auteur) With the expectation of major shifts in climate, ecologists have focused attention on developing predictive relationships between current climatic conditions and species diversity. Climatic relationships appear best defined at regional rather than local levels. In reference to tree diversity, process-based models that express gross primary production (GPP) as an integrated function of climate seem most appropriate. Since 2000, NASA's MODIS satellite has provided composite data at 16-day intervals to produce estimates of GPP that compare well with direct measurements. The MODIS enhanced vegetation index (EVI), which is independent of climatic drivers, also appears a good surrogate to estimate seasonal patterns in GPP. In this paper we identified 65 out of 84 delineated ecoregions distributed across the contiguous U.S.A., within which sufficient (? 200) Federal Inventory and Analysis survey plots were available to predict the total number of tree species, which varied from 17 to 164. Four different formulations of EVI were compared: The annual maximum, the annual integrated, the growing season defined mid-point and growing season averaged values. The growing season mid-point EVI defined the beginning and end of the active growing season. In all formulations of EVI, a polynomial function accounted for about 60% of the observed variation in tree diversity, with additional precision increasing to 80% when highly fragmented ecoregions with Numéro de notice : A2006-322 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2006.05.007 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2006.05.007 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=28046
in Remote sensing of environment > vol 103 n° 2 (30/07/2006) . - pp 218 - 226[article]Tree cover and height estimation in the Fennoscandian tundra-taiga transition zone using multiangular MISR data / J. Heiskanen in Remote sensing of environment, vol 103 n° 1 (15 July 2006)
[article]
Titre : Tree cover and height estimation in the Fennoscandian tundra-taiga transition zone using multiangular MISR data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : J. Heiskanen, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 97 - 114 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection
[Termes IGN] arbre (flore)
[Termes IGN] classification par réseau neuronal
[Termes IGN] détection de changement
[Termes IGN] Finlande
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] image Terra-MISR
[Termes IGN] taïga
[Termes IGN] toundraRésumé : (Auteur) The tundra–taiga transition zone stretches around the northern hemisphere separating boreal forest to the south from treeless tundra to the north. Tree cover and height are important variables to characterize this vegetation transition. Accurate continuous fields of tree cover and height would enable the delineation of the forest extent according to different criterion and provide useful data for change detection of this climatically sensitive ecotone. This study examined if multiangular remote sensing data has potential to improve the accuracy of the tree cover and height estimates in relation to nadir-view data. The satellite data consisted of Multi-angle Imaging SpectroRadiometer (MISR) data at 275 m and 1.1 km resolutions. The study area was located in the Fennoscandian tundra–taiga transition zone, in northernmost Finland. The continuous fields of tree cover and height were estimated using neural networks, which were trained and assessed by high-resolution biotope inventory data. The spectral–angular data together produced lower estimation errors than single band nadir, multispectral nadir or single band multiangular data alone. RMSE of the tree cover estimates reduced from 7.8% (relative RMSE 67.4%) to 6.5% (56.1%) at 275 m resolution, and from 5.4% (49.2%) to 4.1% (36.9%) at 1.1 km resolution, when multispectral nadir data were used together with multiangular data. RMSE of the tree height estimates reduced from 2.3 m (44.3%) to 2.0 m (37.6%) and from 1.8 m (35.4%) to 1.3 m (25.4%), respectively. The largest estimation errors occurred in mires and in areas of dense shrub cover, but the use of multiangular data also reduced estimation errors in these areas. The results suggest that directional information has potential to improve the tree cover and height estimates, and hence the accuracy of the land cover change detection in the tundra–taiga transition zone. Copyright Elsevier Numéro de notice : A2006-285 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.rse.2006.03.015 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.rse.2006.03.015 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=28012
in Remote sensing of environment > vol 103 n° 1 (15 July 2006) . - pp 97 - 114[article]Automated techniques for environmental monitoring and change analyses for ultra high resolution remote sensing data / Manfred Ehlers in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 72 n° 7 (July 2006)PermalinkSimulation d'un SIG de la distribution spatiale de polluants / M. Erunova in Géomatique expert, n° 51 (01/06/2006)PermalinkInterrelationships between spatial resolution and per-pixel classifiers for extracting information classes part 2: the natural environment / M.E. Hodgson (29/03/2006)PermalinkMangrove mapping and monitoring: RS and GIS in conservation and management planning / S.K. Singh in GIM international, vol 20 n° 3 (March 2006)PermalinkLa salsepareille (Smilax aspera L.) / Renaud Piazzetta in Info Liège, n° 12 (mars 2003)PermalinkVivexpo 2006 : "l'Homme et le Liège" / Renaud Piazzetta in Info Liège, n° 12 (mars 2003)PermalinkMapping the effects of water stress on sphagnum: preliminary observations using airborne remote sensing / A. Harris in Remote sensing of environment, vol 100 n° 3 (15 february 2006)PermalinkEcosystem survey data mapping interface, web-based GIS application for ocean species sample analysis / H. Dai in GIM international, vol 20 n° 2 (February 2006)PermalinkAn empirical investigation of cross-sensor relationships of NDVI and red/near-infrared reflectance using EO-1 Hyperion data / T. Miura in Remote sensing of environment, vol 100 n° 2 (30 January 2006)PermalinkAcquisition de connaissances pour la simulation en immersion (ACSI) / D. Sebastien (2006)Permalink