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Détection et généralisation des échangeurs routiers dans une base de données cartographiques vectorielles / Nicolas Culson (2006)
Titre : Détection et généralisation des échangeurs routiers dans une base de données cartographiques vectorielles Type de document : Mémoire Auteurs : Nicolas Culson, Auteur Editeur : Paris : Université de Paris 6 Pierre et Marie Curie Année de publication : 2006 Importance : 86 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Master Informatique Appliquée aux Systèmes d’Information GéographiqueLangues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] arc
[Termes IGN] base de données localisées
[Termes IGN] base de données vectorielles
[Termes IGN] BD Topo
[Termes IGN] détection d'objet
[Termes IGN] échangeur routier
[Termes IGN] Java (langage de programmation)
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationIndex. décimale : MIASIG DESS AIST et du master Informatique appliquée aux SIG jusqu'en 2014 Résumé : (auteur) [présentation] Le présent stage s’intitule « Détection et généralisation automatique des échangeurs routiers ». Son objectif est de réaliser un traitement des données topographiques de la base de données BDTopo de l’IGN, et plus particulièrement de généraliser ces données. Ce travail consiste à détecter et à généraliser les échangeurs routiers présents dans la base. Il faut donc dans un premier temps, regrouper les critères qui permettent de savoir si on a bien à faire à un échangeur ou pas. Il est dès lors possible de procéder à une modélisation de ces échangeurs, puis de mettre au point des algorithmes permettant de les détecter. Ces échangeurs, initialement présents dans la base de donnée, mais implicitement car uniquement par l’intermédiaire des tronçons routiers qui les composent, peuvent alors être explicités. Il s’agit du processus d’enrichissement de la base de données, nécessaire à sa généralisation. Les échangeurs une fois présents dans le schéma de données, il s’agit ensuite de les généraliser, et ce, en fonction des besoins de l’utilisateur (entre autres les spécifications de la base de données d’arrivée). Les algorithmes écrits pour effectuer ces différentes tâches doivent être implémentés dans le SIG Clarity, ce qui implique de coder en JAVA. Les données sont traitées à partir du SGBD Gothic. Ces deux aspects permettent de conserver une compatibilité de ces nouvelles tâches avec celles déjà effectuées au COGIT. Note de contenu : 1. Présentation
1.1. Le laboratoire COGIT
1.2. La généralisation
1.3. La généralisation au COGIT
1.4. Le sujet du stage
2. Etape de réflexion et de modélisation
2.1. Présentation des concepts
2.2. Modélisation
2.3. Proposition de méthodes pour la détection
2.4. Proposition de méthodes pour la généralisation
3. Etape de détection des échangeurs
3.1. Méthode de création de cluster de carrefours en forme de Y
3.2. Les limites de la méthode
3.3. Du cluster vers l’échangeur
3.4. Les tronçons de routes de l’échangeur
4. Etape de généralisation des échangeurs
4.1. Création des clusters : classification ascendante hiérarchique
4.2. Utilisation des clusters pour la généralisation
5. Résultats
5.1. Résultats de la détection
5.1.1. Effet de l’angle de fourche du carrefour en Y
5.1.2. Effet du seuil de distance
5.1.3. Prise en compte des bâtiments
5.1.4. Autres problèmes rencontrés
5.2. Résultats de la généralisation
6. ConclusionNuméro de notice : 17486 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Mémoire masters divers Organisme de stage : COGIT (IGN) Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=89756 Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 17486-01 MIASIG Livre Centre de documentation En réserve Mezzanine Exclu du prêt Geographic information science, 4th international conference, GIScience 2006, Münster, Germany, September 2006 / Martin Raubal (2006)
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Titre : Geographic information science, 4th international conference, GIScience 2006, Münster, Germany, September 2006 : Proceedings Type de document : Actes de congrès Auteurs : Martin Raubal, Éditeur scientifique ; Harvey J. Miller, Éditeur scientifique ; Andrew U. Frank, Éditeur scientifique ; Michael F. Goodchild, Éditeur scientifique Editeur : Berlin, Heidelberg, Vienne, New York, ... : Springer Année de publication : 2006 Collection : Lecture notes in Computer Science, ISSN 0302-9743 num. 4197 Conférence : GIScience 2006, 4th international conference Geographic information science 20/09/2006 23/09/2006 Münster Allemagne Proceedings Springer Importance : 417 p. Format : 15 x 23 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-540-44526-5 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] analyse multicritère
[Termes IGN] calcul d'itinéraire
[Termes IGN] diagramme de Voronoï
[Termes IGN] graphe
[Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données localisées
[Termes IGN] OpenLS
[Termes IGN] réseau routierRésumé : (édition) The GIScience conference series was created as a forum for all researchers who are interested in advancing research in the fundamtal aspects of geographic information science. Starting with GIScience 2000 in Savannah, Georgia, USA, the conferences have been held biennially, bringing together a highly interdisciplinary group of scientists from academia, industry, and governmentto analyze progressand to explore new researchdirections. The conferences focus on emerging topics and basic research findings across all sectors of geographic information science. After three highly successful conferences in the United States, this year’s GIScience conference was held in Europe for the first time. The GIScience conferences have been a meeting point for researchers coming from various disciplines, including cognitive science, computer science, engineering, geography, information science, mathematics, philosophy, psychology, social science, and statistics.
In order to account for the different needs of the involved scientific disciplines with regard to publishing their research results, we again organized two separate stages of paper submission: 93 full papers were each thoroughly reviewed by three Program Committee members and 26 were selected for presentation at the conference and inclusion in this volume. Then, 159 extended abstracts, describing work in progress, were screened by two Program Committee members each. Subsequently, 42 of them were selected for oral presentation, and 46 for poster presentation at the conferenceNuméro de notice : 17082 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Actes DOI : 10.1007/11863939 En ligne : http://doi.org/10.1007/11863939 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79430 Voir aussiRéservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 17082-01 CG2006 Livre Centre de documentation Congrès Disponible 17082-02 CG2006 Livre Centre de documentation Congrès Disponible Results of experiments on automated matching of networks at different scales / Sébastien Mustière (2006)
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contenu dans ISPRS workshop Multiple representation and interoperability of spatial data, Hanover, Germany, 22. - 24. February 2006 / M. Hampe (2006)
Titre : Results of experiments on automated matching of networks at different scales Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Sébastien Mustière , Auteur
Editeur : International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing ISPRS Année de publication : 2006 Collection : International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, ISSN 1682-1750 num. 36-2/W40 Conférence : ISPRS 2006, Multiple representation and interoperability of spatial data workshop 22/02/2006 24/02/2006 Hanovre Allemagne ISPRS OA Archives Importance : pp 92 - 100 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] appariement de données localisées
[Termes IGN] cohérence des données
[Termes IGN] relation topologique
[Termes IGN] réseau électrique
[Termes IGN] réseau ferroviaire
[Termes IGN] réseau hydrographique
[Termes IGN] réseau routier
[Termes IGN] spécification de produitRésumé : (auteur) Many geographical databases of the same area are produced and maintained. In order to remove inconsistencies between those databases, and in order to facilitate the updating process, a close integration is required. This paper reports the results of experiments of data matching between the networks of two IGN databases at different scales (road, electric, hydrographical, railway and hiking routes networks). We illustrate the main results of these experiments through four different aspects. The first aspect is the identification of data that cannot be matched because they only appear in one database. Some of these differences between the contents of the databases are clearly explained by the specifications: they reflect the difference between points of views. Some other differences are just discovered in the data: they reflect the different sources used to build databases and inconsistencies due to errors. The second aspect is the analysis of differences and inconsistencies between databases when corresponding objects are identified. In particular, we identified differences between attribute values, geometric descriptions, but also topological relationships between objects. A third studied aspect is the degree of automation of the matching process. We managed to automatically match from 90% to 100% of objects in networks, depending of the complexity of the networks. Finally, the fourth considered aspect concern the interactive checking of results. We identified ergonomic difficulty to visualize data and results of matching. We thus propose some solutions to overcome these difficulties. Numéro de notice : C2006-016 Affiliation des auteurs : COGIT (1988-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl DOI : sans En ligne : https://www.isprs.org/proceedings/XXXVI/2-W40/92_XXXVI-2-W40.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=88786 Documents numériques
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Results of experiments on automated matching - pdf éditeurAdobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : The Swiss trolley : a modular system for track surveying Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : Ralph Glaus, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Schweizerischen Geodatischen Kommission / Commission Géodésique Suisse Année de publication : 2006 Collection : Geodätisch-Geophysikalische Arbeiten in der Schweiz, ISSN 0257-1722 num. 70 Importance : 184 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-908440-13-0 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Navigation et positionnement
[Termes IGN] capteur imageur
[Termes IGN] capteur non-imageur
[Termes IGN] données localisées
[Termes IGN] filtre de Kalman
[Termes IGN] fonction spline
[Termes IGN] fusion de données
[Termes IGN] GPS en mode cinématique
[Termes IGN] GPS en mode différentiel
[Termes IGN] GPS-INS
[Termes IGN] lissage de données
[Termes IGN] navigation à l'estime
[Termes IGN] odomètre
[Termes IGN] positionnement absolu
[Termes IGN] précision millimétrique
[Termes IGN] prise de vue terrestre
[Termes IGN] réseau ferroviaire
[Termes IGN] surveillance d'ouvrage
[Termes IGN] tachéomètre électronique
[Termes IGN] transport ferroviaireIndex. décimale : 30.70 Navigation et positionnement Résumé : (Auteur) Modern railway infrastructure requires accurate, absolute referenced spatial data for project planning, construction and maintenance. On the one hand, passenger safety and travel comfort depend to a large extent on accurate tracks. On the other hand, absolute referenced coordinates of railway assets facilitate data exchange between railway operators and third parties. In addition, time slots for maintenance are short, due to the high volumes of traffic on major railway lines. Thus, flexible surveying systems are required yielding accurate data within a short time. The multi-sensor platform Swiss Trolley, which offers such a flexible system, copes with absolute referenced spatial data. The platform is mounted on a track vehicle. This allows for a complete description of the track environment in kinematic mode with a minimum of interference time with regular traffic.
The Swiss Trolley features a modular design. A basic module for assessing track key parameters such as chainage, cant, twist, gradients and track gauge covers monitoring tasks on construction sites. A positioning module integrating GPS or total stations allows for the determination of the track axis. A further scan module can be used to generate absolute referenced point clouds in the track environment.
This work compiles the development steps of the Swiss Trolley. Relevant side conditions re-garding track surveying, coming from track geometry and the railway operators are summarised and state-of-the-art systems are reviewed. Based on these premises, a niche for Swiss Trolley applications is defined. Sensors providing geometric data in the track environment are evaluated in regard to their suitability and error behaviour.
The key problem of the trolley positioning consists in determining the six degrees of freedom of the multi-sensor platform at any point in time. The chosen kinematic approach asks for a careful treatment of time constraints. Each data string coming from a specific sensor must own an accurate time tag. Kinematic surveys at walking speed with subcentimetric accuracy require time tags with millisecond accuracy.
The incorporated sensors were investigated regarding their error behaviour. Calibration issues are addressed and approaches for the bias determination are presented. Models for correcting collimation errors and nuisance accelearations are given for the pendulum inclination sensors used. Moreover, emphasis was placed on biases emerging at kinematic surveys for the particular optical total station used. Reduction models for the laser scanner data are proposed and calibration procedures providing intrinsic orientation and latency parameters are given.
A kinematic model for Swiss Trolley surveys based on the Frenet base system and its canonical representation was developed. Explicit formulae are given for runs on geometric elements dominating in the railway track environment. For the mutual data processing, a loosely coupled filter concept is proposed consisting of data pre-processing, synchronisation and filtering steps. The core of data processing is a Kalman filter, estimating vehicle and track states in an absolute or a relative reference frame. By means of the filter approach, the observations of the involved sensors can be integrated in a spatial model. Individual filter runs can be assembled by an additional merge step. Merged runs in up and down direction allow for a quality assessment and also allow for the monitoring of eventually remaining biases such as a boresight misalignment or inclination sensor zero point offsets.
Positioning accuracies for the static and kinematic case were assessed on the one hand by the comparison of up and down runs. On the other hand, comparisons were carried out with independently measured reference data. The static error behaviour of the Swiss Trolley could be evaluated by using a slab track alignment. Submillimetric positioning accuracies were obtained in combination with high-precision total stations. Kinematic positioning accuracy mainly depends on the positioning sensor used. Optical total stations providing synchronised angle and distance data allow for subcentimetric positioning. High-precision DGPS position-ing yields subcentimetric accuracy for the horizontal component. The typical vertical accuracy is better than two centimetres. The integrated longitudinally mounted inclination sensor slightly augments the mere GPS solution. The attitude determination of the platform is a result of the combined data treatment. For GPS surveys, the typical pitch angle accuracy is two mrad. Yaw angles essentially correspond to the derivation of the trajectory with respect to the covered path and are determined with one mrad accuracy. Roll angle accuracy is dominated by the inclination sensor measurements across the track. The typical accuracy is 0.3 mrad. For the scan module, laser dots in the absolute reference frame are degraded by the uncertainty of the trajectory and the platform attitude amplified by a geometry-depending lever. The absolute accuracy of such a dot is three centimetres using a time-of-flight laser scanner. Relative accuracy between two adjacent dots amounts to five millimetres.
The Swiss Trolley was successfully applied on numerous assignments. Adaptations for the multi-sensor platform exist for tunnel site locomotives and road-vehicles.Note de contenu : 1 Introduction
2 Track Geometry
2.1 Nominal Geometries
2.1.1 Introduction
2.1.2 Horizontal Layout
2.1.3 Vertical Layout
2.2 Rules and Standards of Different Countries
2.2.1 Horizontal Layout
2.2.2 Vertical Layout
2.2.3 Cant
2.3 Kinematic Model of Motion
2.3.1 Kinematics in the Frenet System
2.3.2 Canonical Representation of the Most Common Track Curves
2.4 Remarks on Track Accuracy
2.4.1 General Remarks
2.4.2 Relative and Absolute Accuracy of a Track
2.5 Methods for Track Surveying
2.5.1 Overview
2.5.2 Relative Track Surveying
2.5.3 Absolute Track Surveying
2.5.4 Selected Track-Surveying Systems
2.5.5 The Swiss Trolley - Finding the Niche
3 Potentials and Limitations of a Kinematic Track-Surveying System
3.1 Kinematic Surveying
3.2 Absolute Position Fixing
3.2.1 GNSS
3.2.2 Tracking Total Stations
3.3 Dead Reckoning
3.3.1 Inertial Navigation Systems (INS)
3.3.2 Yaw Rates by Chord Techniques
3.3.3 Odometers
3.3.4 Height Determination by an Inclination Sensor
3.4 Attitude Determination
3.5 Kinematic Surveys of the Railway Inventory
3.5.1 Track Gauge Measuring Systems
3.5.2 Laser Scanners
3.5.3 3D Cameras
3.5.4 Ground Penetration Radar (GPR)
3.6 Synchronisation
3.7 Modelling
3.8 Transformation
4 The Track-Surveying Trolley
4.1 Introduction
4.1.1 Development
4.1.2 Concept
4.2 Data Acquisition
4.2.1 Electronic Box
4.2.2 A/D Conversion
4.2.3 Data Synchronisation
4.3 Reconstruction
4.4 Inclination Sensors
4.4.1 Sensor Characteristics
4.4.2 Calibration of Characteristic Curve
4.4.3 Temperature Influences
4.4.4 Corrections for Non-Orthogonalities (Collimation Error)
4.4.5 Dynamic Behaviour of the Inclination Sensor
4.4.6 Transformation of the Inclination Angles into the Body-System
4.5 Track Gauge Measuring System
4.5.1 Characteristics and Measuring Principle of the Track Gauge Measuring System
4.5.2 Calibration
4.6 Odometers
4.6.1 Characteristics and Calibration
4.7 Integration of Tracking Total Stations
4.7.1 Characteristics
4.7.2 Common Total Station Biases
4.7.3 Deflections of the Vertical
4.7.4 Surveys in Canted Sections
4.7.5 Synchronisation of Distances and Angles
4.7.6 Internal Tacheometer and Radio Latencies
4.8 Integration of GPS
4.8.1 Characteristics
4.8.2 NMEA Data
4.9 Boresight Calibration of Prism and Antenna Phase Centre
4.10 Laser Scanners
4.10.1 Characteristics
4.10.2 Model
4.10.3 Yaw Angle Correction
4.10.4 Evaluation of the Laser Scanner Precision
4.10.5 Variance Propagation for a Given Scanner Arrangement
4.10.6 Kinematic Calibration of Rmb, xmb and the Latency
5 Data Processing
5.1 Introduction
5.2 Post-Processing Software Concept
5.3 Data Preprocessing
5.3.1 Blunder Labelling
5.3.2 Reduction, Model
5.3.3 Linear Filters
5.3.4 Synchronisation
5.3.5 Reduction to the Centre Line of the Track
5.4 Trajectory Smoothing by a Kalman Filter
5.4.1 Discrete Kalman Filter
5.4.2 Backward Filter and Smoother
5.4.3 Absolute Model
5.4.4 Relative Model
5.5 Smoothing Splines
5.5.1 Smoothing Splines with First Derivatives
5.5.2 Comparison between Kalman Filter and Smoothing Splines
5.6 Merging Trajectories
5.6.1 Strategies for Merging
5.6.2 Chaining the Pieces
5.6.3 Merging
5.6.4 Linking Scans to Merged Trajectories
6 Applications
6.1 Slab Track Alignment
6.2 Kinematic Track Axis Surveys
6.2.1 Comparison between Forward Filter, Backward Filter and Smoother
6.2.2 Filter Tuning
6.2.3 Comparison between Absolute and Relative Model
6.2.4 The Influence of Inclinometer Measurement on GPS Heights
6.2.5 The Smoother in Action - GPS Example
6.2.6 The Smoother in Action - Total Station Example
6.3 Kinematic Scanning
7 ConclusionsNuméro de notice : 15261 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Rapport de recherche En ligne : https://www.sgc.ethz.ch/sgc-volumes/sgk-70.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=55115 Réservation
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Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 15261-01 30.70 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible 15261-02 30.70 Livre Centre de documentation Géodésie Disponible The recognition of road network from high-resolution satellite remotely sensed data using image morphological characteristics / C. Zhu in International Journal of Remote Sensing IJRS, vol 26 n° 24 (December 2005)
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[article]
Titre : The recognition of road network from high-resolution satellite remotely sensed data using image morphological characteristics Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : C. Zhu, Auteur ; Wei Shi, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : pp 5493 - 5508 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique
[Termes IGN] analyse visuelle
[Termes IGN] appariement de formes
[Termes IGN] échelle d'intensité
[Termes IGN] extraction du réseau routier
[Termes IGN] image à haute résolution
[Termes IGN] image Ikonos
[Termes IGN] morphologie mathématique
[Termes IGN] niveau de gris (image)
[Termes IGN] précision géométrique (imagerie)
[Termes IGN] reconnaissance de formes
[Termes IGN] réseau routier
[Termes IGN] segment de droiteRésumé : (Auteur) With the development of remote sensors and satellite technologies, high-resolution satellite data such as IKONOS images have been available recently. By these new high resolution satellite data, remote sensing technologies can be successfully applied to more application areas such as extracting road network from high resolution satellite images. This paper proposes a newly developed approach to extract a road network from high resolution satellite images. The approach is based on the binary and greyscale mathematical morphology and a line segment match method. First, the outline of road network is detected based on the grey morphological characteristics. Then, the basic road network is detected by the line segment match method. Next, the detected basic road network is processed based on the knowledge about the roads and binary mathematical morphological methods. Finally, visual analysis and three indicators are used to evaluate the accuracy of the extracted road networks. The results of the accuracy evaluation demonstrate that the developed road network extraction approach can provide both good visual effect and high positional accuracy. Numéro de notice : A2005-523 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/01431160500300354 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/01431160500300354 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27659
in International Journal of Remote Sensing IJRS > vol 26 n° 24 (December 2005) . - pp 5493 - 5508[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 080-05241 RAB Revue Centre de documentation En réserve L003 Exclu du prêt Movement simulation and analysis: modelling railway passenger activity in Tokyo / R. Xie in GIM international, vol 19 n° 12 (December 2005)
PermalinkGIS-based route planning in landslide-prone areas / A.K. Saha in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 19 n° 10 (november 2005)
PermalinkPermalinkLe SIG, outil adéquat au service du projet des sentiers du grand Dijon / C Gauthe in Géomatique expert, n° 46 (01/10/2005)
PermalinkCartographic generalization of roads in a local and adaptive approach: A knowledge acquistion problem / Sébastien Mustière in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 19 n° 8 - 9 (september 2005)
PermalinkParamétrisation d'un simulateur du système "ville/milieu naturel" à l'aide d'une image Ikonos : application sur un secteur du grand Lyon / S. Hosford in Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, n° 178 (Septembre 2005)
PermalinkSPOT 5 pour la détection d'urbanisation / V. Lacroix in Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, n° 178 (Septembre 2005)
PermalinkLidar on the level in Afghanistan: GPS, inertial map the Kabul road / S. Newby in GPS world, vol 16 n° 7 (July 2005)
PermalinkL'évaluation globale de la sensibilité environnementale : un outil d'amélioration des études d'impacts de projets linéaires / Nathalie Molines in Revue internationale de géomatique, vol 15 n° 2 (juin – août 2005)
PermalinkLinear feature detection using multi-resolution wavelet filters / S.P. Kozaitis in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 71 n° 6 (June 2005)
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