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Theoretical and practical aspects of high-rate GNSS geodetic observations / Simon Häberling (2016)  

Public Titre : Theoretical and practical aspects of high-rate GNSS geodetic observations Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Simon Häberling, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Schweizerischen Geodatischen Kommission / Commission Géodésique Suisse Année de publication : 2016 Autre Editeur : Zurich : Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule ETH - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Zurich EPFZ Collection : Geodätisch-Geophysikalische Arbeiten in der Schweiz, ISSN 0257-1722 num. 95 Importance : 212 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-908440-41-3 Note générale : bibliographie thesis submitted to attain the degree of doctor of sciences of ETH Zurich Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] bruit thermique [Termes IGN] erreur de positionnement [Termes IGN] filtrage du signal [Termes IGN] fréquence [Termes IGN] onde sismique [Termes IGN] phase [Termes IGN] source d'erreur Index. décimale : 30.61 Systèmes de Positionnement par Satellites du GNSS Résumé : (auteur) The main goal of the thesis is the thorough investigation and quantification of GNSS observation errors in the frequency range above 1 Hz while going to the limit of the actual receiver technology with sampling rates up to 100 sps. The potential GNSS errors in this high-frequency band are mainly caused by receiver internal error sources. Due to theoretical considerations and empirical results derived from GNSS observations of almost all available carrier signals, the carrier jitter induced by thermal noise and the receiver frequency response produced by highly dynamic motions could be detected as the two most dominant disturbances affecting high-rate GNSS observations above 1 Hz. The zero-baseline configuration (splitting the signal from one antenna to two receivers) allowed a detailed study of the carrier phase jitter and correlations between subsequent epochs dependent on different GNSS signal characteristics and baseband parameters. The size of the carrier phase jitter is directly determined by the carrier-to-noise density ratio at baseband and the corresponding loop bandwidth. Especially encrypted code sequences have a strong influence on the quality of the corresponding carrier phase component due to signal strength consuming decryption algorithms. The final consequences are a higher carrier jitter and a stronger frequency response due to the necessary PLL guiding by the strong loop signals such as GPS L1 derived from the C/A component. The impact of this higher carrier phase jitter plays a dominant role for the overall noise in the highfrequency spectrum while building the ionosphere-free linear combination. This has been demonstrated using a zero-baseline, but also a 10 m and 110 km baseline. The carrier phase jitter induced by thermal noise defines the noise level above 1 Hz. This high-frequency noise is therefore baseline independent. No significant differences between a baseline of 10 m and 110 km could be detected considering the signal spectrum between 0.01 Hz and 50 Hz. For the determination and analysis of the GNSS errors caused by high-frequency motions an experimental setup has been established consisting of a single-axis shake table as motion generator and of a well-known ground-truth defined by inductive displacement transducers. The ground-truth was validated by a strong motion seismometer with a flat frequency response carried on the shake table. With an additional precise time synchronization between all the sensors, the experiment with a mounted GNSS antenna on the shake table enabled the determination of the GNSS receiver frequency response between 1 and 20 Hz. Using different receiver types and PLL bandwidths, the amplitudes even at 3 Hz can be overestimated by about 50%, above 10 Hz also an overestimation can be observed or a reduction by well over half of the amplitude. Not only the amplitude is affected, but also the signal phase with errors between 30 and 90 degrees. This demonstrates the importance of a detailed knowledge of the loop parameters for an assessment of the expected errors, but also for applying an inverse filter in order to correct the GNSS receiver frequency response based on a simple digital PLL model. These results are relevant for all applications with strong dynamics using high-rate GNSS, such as structural health monitoring, machine guidance, navigation, and ionosphere scintillation studies. Further, seismological implications and the potential contribution of high-rate GNSS to seismology has been evaluated. Based on a moderate synthetic earthquake expected for Switzerland generated on the shake table, the sensitivity of high-rate GPS to highfrequency seismic signals using a realistic baseline length could be tested. Additionally, the receiver response has been simulated for real earthquakes in order to demonstrate the displacement errors caused by the response. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction 2- GNSS Signal Structure 3- GNSS Receiver Architecture 4- Carrier Tracking Modeling 5- Analysis of the GNSS Signal Noise 6- Shake Table Experiments 7- GNSS Receiver Response 8- Implications on Seismology and other Applications 9- Conclusions and Outlook Numéro de notice : 17461 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Autre URL associée : https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010592866 Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : thèse : Sciences : ETHZ : 2015 DOI : 10.3929/ethz-a-010592866 En ligne : https://www.sgc.ethz.ch/sgc-volumes/sgk-95.pdf Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=89687

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
17461-01	30.61	Livre	Centre de documentation	Géodésie	Disponible

Inelastic surface deformation during the 2013 Mw 7.7 Balochistan, Pakistan, earthquake / A. Vallage in Geology, vol 43 n° 12 (December 2015)  

Public [article]  inGeology > vol 43 n° 12 (December 2015) . - pp 1079 - 1082 Titre : Inelastic surface deformation during the 2013 Mw 7.7 Balochistan, Pakistan, earthquake Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A. Vallage, Auteur ; Yann Klinger, Auteur ; R. Grandin, Auteur ; H.S. Bhat, Auteur ; Marc Pierrot-Deseilligny , Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 1079 - 1082 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] déformation de la croute terrestre [Termes IGN] faille géologique [Termes IGN] image optique [Termes IGN] image radar [Termes IGN] image satellite [Termes IGN] Pakistan [Termes IGN] séisme Résumé : (auteur) Comprehensive quantification of the near-field deformation associated with an earthquake is difficult due to the inherent complexity of surface ruptures. The A.D. 2013 Mw 7.7 Balochistan (Pakistan) earthquake, dominated by left-lateral motion with some reverse component, ruptured a 200-km-long section of the Hoshab fault. We characterize the coseismic rupture in detail along its entire length. Optical and radar satellite images are combined to derive the full three-dimensional far-field displacement (115 m pixel size) and the high-resolution 2.5 m pixel horizontal displacement field resulting from the earthquake. We show that the vertical deformation is significant in several locations. The high-resolution near-field horizontal displacement ( Numéro de notice : A2015--113 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1130/G37290.1 Date de publication en ligne : 14/10/2015 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1130/G37290.1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90651 [article]

GPS and the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake / Mathias Lemmens in GIM international, vol 29 n° 11 (November 2015)

Public [article]  inGIM international > vol 29 n° 11 (November 2015) . - pp 29 - 31 Titre : GPS and the 2015 Gorkha Earthquake Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mathias Lemmens, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 29 - 31 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Navigation et positionnement [Termes IGN] déformation de la croute terrestre [Termes IGN] Himalaya [Termes IGN] positionnement par GPS [Termes IGN] réseau de surveillance géophysique [Termes IGN] réseau géodésique [Termes IGN] séisme Résumé : (auteur) Nepal is prone to earthquakes and throughout the centuries the country's capital city, Kathmandu, has been regularly struck by earthquakes which appear to have similar epicentres and behaviour. The portion of the Main Himalayan Thrust ruptured by the 2015 Gorkha earthquake lies directly beneath a network of GPS continuously operating reference stations (CORS) recording three-dimensional positions at a high rate of 5 samples per second (5Hz). This is the first time a large continental thrust earthquake has been measured by a 5Hz GPS network with receivers on both sides of the fault rupture. Numéro de notice : A2015-734 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=78423 [article]

Caring and sharing by crowdsourcing / Alister Clark in Position, n° 79 (October - November 2015)

Public [article]  inPosition > n° 79 (October - November 2015) . - pp 16 - 16 Titre : Caring and sharing by crowdsourcing Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Alister Clark, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 16 - 16 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Société de l'information [Termes IGN] catastrophe naturelle [Termes IGN] contenu généré par les utilisateurs [Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles [Termes IGN] Népal [Termes IGN] secours d'urgence [Termes IGN] séisme Résumé : (éditeur) The disaster relief for the Nepalese Earthquakes has been enhanced through crowdsourcing sites such as Tomnod and Quakemap. This makes the caring and sharing have deeeper ramifications Numéro de notice : A2015-787 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/SOCIETE NUMERIQUE Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=78917 [article]

Monitoring landslide displacements with the Geocube wireless network of low-cost GPS / Lionel Benoit in Engineering Geology, vol 195 (September 2015)  

Public [article]  inEngineering Geology > vol 195 (September 2015) . - pp 111 – 121 Titre : Monitoring landslide displacements with the Geocube wireless network of low-cost GPS Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Lionel Benoit , Auteur ; Pierre Briole, Auteur ; Olivier Martin , Auteur ; Christian Thom , Auteur ; Jean-Philippe Malet, Auteur ; Patrice Ulrich, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Projets : Géocubes / Article en page(s) : pp 111 – 121 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] effondrement de terrain [Termes IGN] Géocube [Termes IGN] onde sismique [Termes IGN] précipitation [Termes IGN] séisme Résumé : (auteur) The analysis of landslide hazard requires continuous and high frequency surface displacement monitoring at numerous and geomorphologically relevant locations. Ground-based geodetic methods (GNSS, tacheometry) allow very accurate and high frequency temporal observations while remote sensing methods (InSAR, terrestrial and satellite photogrammetry, LIDAR) allow spatially distributed observations at high spatial resolution. A single surface deformation monitoring technique coupling all these capabilities is still missing. The Geocube system has been designed to partly overcome this pitfall by creating a low-cost, flexible, easy to install and wireless GPS receiver. Dense Geocube monitoring networks can be set easily for operational observations. Furthermore, the monitoring of other landslide properties (micro-seismicity, seismic waves) or triggering factors (meteorology, slope hydrology) is possible with the capacity of integrating additional sensors to the Geocube. This work presents the Geocube system and the results of a field campaign performed during the summer 2012 at the Super-Sauze landslide, southern French Alps, with a network of wireless low-cost GPS. The objective was to assess the performance of the Geocube system in real field monitoring conditions. Our results document the spatial and temporal evolution of the landslide during a period of 40 days. Landslide acceleration periods are detected and correlated to rainfall events. Numéro de notice : A2015--064 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.05.020 Date de publication en ligne : 06/06/2015 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.enggeo.2015.05.020 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83253 [article]

Web services for dynamic coloring of UAVSAR images / Jun Wang in Pure and applied geophysics, vol 172 n° 8 (August 2015)  

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A multicriteria spatial decision support system for solving emergency service station location problems / Majid Esmaelian in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 29 n° 7 (July 2015)  

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Photogrammétrie et tout le reste / Anonyme in Géomatique expert, n° 104 (mai - juin 2015)

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Integrating SAR and derived products into operational volcano monitoring and decision support systems / Franz J. Meyer in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 100 (February 2015)  

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Laser scanning-based detection of morphological changes of a historical building occurred during a seismic sequence: Method and case study / Arianna Pesci in International Journal of Geomatics and Geosciences, vol 5 n° 3 (February 2015) 

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Measurement of ground displacement from optical satellite image correlation using the free open-source software MicMac / Ana-Maria Rosu in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 100 (February 2015)  

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Real-time high-precision earthquake monitoring using single-frequency GPS receivers / Min Li in GPS solutions, vol 19 n° 1 (January 2015)  

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Apport des images Pléiades au microzonage sismique de Port-au-Prince (Haïti) : application à l'étude géologique / Monique Terrier in Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, n° 209 (Janvier 2015)  

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Exploitation de l'imagerie Pléiades en cartographie réactive suite à des catastrophes naturelles ayant affecté le territoire français en 2013 / Hervé Yésou in Revue Française de Photogrammétrie et de Télédétection, n° 209 (Janvier 2015)  

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Global coseismic deformations, GNSS time series analysis, and earthquake scaling laws / Laurent Métivier in Journal of geophysical research : Solid Earth, vol 119 n° 12 (December 2014)  

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