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Spatial variability of soil nutrients and GIS-based nutrient management in Yongji County, China / Qian Zhang in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 965 - 981 Titre : Spatial variability of soil nutrients and GIS-based nutrient management in Yongji County, China Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Qian Zhang, Auteur ; Z. Yang, Auteur ; Y. Li, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 965 - 981 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] azote [Termes IGN] Chansi (Chine) [Termes IGN] krigeage [Termes IGN] phosphore [Termes IGN] potassium [Termes IGN] sol arable [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique [Termes IGN] variabilité [Termes IGN] variable régionalisée Résumé : (Auteur) Integrated nutrient management is important for sustainable agricultural production and protecting environment quality and has been widely investigated around the world. In this article the spatial variability of soil nutrients was investigated and a regionalized nutrient management system was developed using geostatistics and geographic information system technologies. A total of 511 GPS-referenced soil samples were taken in Yongji County, Shanxi province, China, and analysed for major soil nutrients: soil total nitrogen (TN), Olsen extractable phosphorus (OLSENP) and extractable potassium (EXTK). Low concentrations of nitrogen (N) and phosphorus (P) were found and they are likely to be the main limiting nutrients for crop growth in this county. Within the county moderate spatial dependence was found for all three soil variables, but at different spatial scales. The spatial distributions of TN, OLSENP and EXTK were estimated by using kriging interpolation. The cropped areas of the county were divided into fertilizer management categories consisting of four classes of TN, three classes of OLSENP and two classes of EXTK. For the targeted crop yields, regionalized fertilization maps of N, P and K in the county were produced using geographic information system. In 3-year field verification trials in two villages the crop yields of the wheat-maize rotation system increased by 10-20%, and farmers' cash income increased by 1550-2610 RMB ha-1 year-1 where regional fertilization recommendations were implemented, in comparison with traditional farmers' practices. The regionalized maps are a practical alternative to site-specific soil nutrient management approaches in areas where it is not practical, because of small farm size or other constraints, to use intensive soil sampling and chemical analyses. Numéro de notice : A2010-315 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903257954 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903257954 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30509 [article]

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An extension of GIS-based least-cost path modelling to the location of wide paths / Alexandre B. Goncalves in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 983 - 996 Titre : An extension of GIS-based least-cost path modelling to the location of wide paths Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Alexandre B. Goncalves, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 983 - 996 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] chemin le moins coûteux, algorithme du [Termes IGN] données maillées [Termes IGN] itinéraire Résumé : (Auteur) The computation of least-cost paths over a cost surface is a well-known and widely used capability of raster geographic information systems (GISs). It consists in finding the path with the lowest accumulated cost between two locations in a raster model of a cost surface, which results in a string-like, thin and long sequence of cells. In this article, a new extension of raster-based least-cost path modelling is proposed. The new modelling approach allows the computation of paths or corridors with a fixed width, larger than one cell. These swaths are called wide paths and may be useful in circumstances where the detail level of the raster cost surfaces is higher than the width of the desired path or corridor. The wide path model presented in the article is independent of the choice of least-cost algorithms, because the transformation from regular to wide paths is applied to the construction of nodes and edges of an induced graph. The article gives the foundations and discusses the particularities of such paths, regardless of the imposed width, and explores the difference from the usual least-cost path model. Test cases were included, one hypothetical and the other with real data. The results are coherent and indicative of the applicability of wide paths. Numéro de notice : A2010-316 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903401016 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903401016 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30510 [article]

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An object-based conceptual framework and computational method for representing and analyzing coastal morphological changes / H. Liu in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1015 - 1041 Titre : An object-based conceptual framework and computational method for representing and analyzing coastal morphological changes Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : H. Liu, Auteur ; L. Wang, Auteur ; D. Sherman, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1015 - 1041 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes IGN] conception orientée objet [Termes IGN] détection de changement [Termes IGN] données lidar [Termes IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes IGN] érosion côtière [Termes IGN] lasergrammétrie [Termes IGN] littoral [Termes IGN] objet géographique Résumé : (Auteur) This article presents an object-based conceptual framework and numerical algorithms for representing and analyzing coastal morphological and volumetric changes based on repeat airborne light detection and ranging (LiDAR) surveys. This method identifies and delineates individual zones of erosion and deposition as discrete objects. The explicit object representation of erosion and deposition zones is consistent with the perception and cognition of human analysts and geomorphologists. The extracted objects provide ontological and epistemological foundation to localize, represent, and interpret erosion and deposition patches for better coastal resource management and erosion control. The discrete objects are much better information carriers than the grid cells in the field-based representation of source data. A set of spatial and volumetric attributes are derived to characterize and quantify location, area, shape, orientation, depth, volume, and other properties of erosion and deposition objects. Compared with the conventional cell-by-cell differencing approaches, our object-based method gives a concise and high-level representation of information and knowledge about coastal morphological dynamics. The derived attributes enable the discrimination of true morphological changes from artifacts caused by data noise and processing errors. Furthermore, the concise object representation of erosion and deposition zones facilitates overlay analysis in conjunction with other GIS data layers for understanding the causes and impacts of morphological and volumetric changes. We have implemented a software tool for our object-based morphological analysis, which will be freely available for the public. An example is used to demonstrate the utility and effectiveness of this new method. Numéro de notice : A2010-317 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903270569 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903270569 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30511 [article]

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Analysis of the spatial relations among point distributions on a discrete space / Yukio Sadahiro in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 997 - 1014 Titre : Analysis of the spatial relations among point distributions on a discrete space Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Yukio Sadahiro, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 997 - 1014 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] établissement d'enseignement [Termes IGN] graphe [Termes IGN] Japon [Termes IGN] relation spatiale [Termes IGN] relation topologique [Termes IGN] représentation discrète Résumé : (Auteur) This paper proposes a method of analyzing spatial relations among point distributions on a discrete space. Spatial topology and proximity are discussed in an integrated framework at both local and global scales. Local relations are described by geographical representations, whereas global relations are visualized by graph representations. The latter also provide a means of classifying the point distributions. The proposed method is applied to school location planning in Japan. The results reveal the appealing properties of the method and provide empirical findings. Numéro de notice : A2010-318 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903213296 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903213296 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30512 [article]

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Propagating error in land-cover-change analyses: impact of temporal dependence under increased thematic complexity / A. Burnicki in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1043 - 1060 Titre : Propagating error in land-cover-change analyses: impact of temporal dependence under increased thematic complexity Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A. Burnicki, Auteur ; D. Brown, Auteur ; P. Goovaerts, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1043 - 1060 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] carte d'occupation du sol [Termes IGN] changement d'occupation du sol [Termes IGN] complexité [Termes IGN] incertitude des données [Termes IGN] occupation du sol [Termes IGN] propagation d'erreur [Termes IGN] série temporelle [Termes IGN] simulation [Termes IGN] utilisation du sol Résumé : (Auteur) We examined the impact of temporal dependence between patterns of error in classified time-series imagery through a simulation modeling approach. This research extended the land-cover-change simulation model we previously developed to investigate: (1) the assumption of temporal independence between patterns of error in classified time-series imagery; and (2) the interaction of patterns of change and patterns of error in a post-classification change analysis. In this research, the thematic complexity of the classified land-cover maps was increased by increasing the number of simulated land-cover classes. Simulating maps with increased categorical resolution permitted the incorporation of: (1) higher-order, more complex spatial and temporal interactions between land-cover classes; and (2) patterns of error that better reproduce the complex error interactions that often occur in time-series classified imagery. The overall modeling framework was divided into two primary components: (1) generation of a map representing true change; and (2) generation of a suite of change maps that had been perturbed by specific patterns of error. All component maps in the model were produced using simulated annealing, which enabled us to create a series of map realizations with user-defined spatial and temporal patterns. Comparing the true map of change to the error-perturbed maps of change using accuracy assessment statistics showed that increasing the temporal dependence between classification errors did not improve the accuracy of resulting maps of change when the categorical scale of the land-cover classified maps was increased. The increased structural complexity within the time series of maps effectively inhibited the impact of temporal dependence. However, results demonstrated that there are interactions between patterns of error and patterns of change in a post-classification change analysis. These interactions played a major role in determining the accuracy associated with the maps of change. Numéro de notice : A2010-319 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903279008 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903279008 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30513 [article]

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An object-oriented shared data model for GIS and distributed hydrologic models / Muneendra Kumar in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1061 - 1079 Titre : An object-oriented shared data model for GIS and distributed hydrologic models Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Muneendra Kumar, Auteur ; G. Bhatt, Auteur ; C. Duffy, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1061 - 1079 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] composant SIG [Termes IGN] interface utilisateur [Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données localisées [Termes IGN] modèle hydrographique [Termes IGN] modèle orienté objet [Termes IGN] UML Résumé : (Auteur) Distributed physical models for the space-time distribution of water, energy, vegetation, and mass flow require new strategies for data representation, model domain decomposition, a priori parameterization, and visualization. The geographic information system (GIS) has been traditionally used to accomplish these data management functionalities in hydrologic applications. However, the interaction between the data management tools and the physical model are often loosely integrated and nondynamic. This is because (a) the data types, semantics, resolutions, and formats for the physical model system and the distributed data or parameters may be different, with significant data preprocessing required before they can be shared; (b) the management tools may not be accessible or shared by the GIS and physical model; and (c) the individual systems may be operating system dependent or are driven by proprietary data structures. The impediment to seamless data flow between the two software components has the effect of increasing the model setup time and analysis time of model output results, and also makes it restrictive to perform sophisticated numerical modeling procedures (real-time forecasting, sensitivity analysis, etc.) that utilize extensive GIS data. These limitations can be offset to a large degree by developing an integrated software component that shares data between the (hydrologic) model and the GIS modules. We contend that the prerequisite for the development of such an integrated software component is a 'shared data model', which is designed using an object-oriented strategy. Here we present the design of such a shared data model taking into consideration the data type descriptions, identification of data classes, relationships, and constraints. The developed data model has been used as a method base for developing a coupled GIS interface to Penn State Integrated Hydrologic Model (PIHM), called PIHMgis. Numéro de notice : A2010-320 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903289460 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903289460 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30514 [article]

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Comparative evaluation and analysis of online geocoding services / D. Roongpiboonsopit in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1081 - 1100 Titre : Comparative evaluation and analysis of online geocoding services Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : D. Roongpiboonsopit, Auteur ; Hassan A. Karimi, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1081 - 1100 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique web [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] géocodage [Termes IGN] géomatique web [Termes IGN] qualité de service [Termes IGN] service fondé sur la position [Termes IGN] WebSIG Résumé : (Auteur) Geocoding is an uncertain process that associates an address or a place name with geographic coordinates. Traditionally, geocoding is performed locally on a stand-alone computer with the geocoding tools usually bundled in GIS software packages. The use of such tools requires skillful operators who know about the issues of geocoding, that is, reference databases and complicated geocoding interpolation techniques. These days, with the advancement in the Internet and Web services technologies, online geocoding provides its functionality to the Internet users with ease; thus, they are often unaware of such issues. With an increasing number of online geocoding services, which differ in their reference databases, the geocoding algorithms, and the strategy for dealing with inputs and outputs, it is crucial for the service requestors to realize the quality of the geocoded results of each service before choosing one for their applications. This is primarily because any errors associated with the geocoded addresses will be propagated to subsequent decisions, activities, modeling, and analysis. This article examines the quality of five online geocoding services: Geocoder.us, Google, MapPoint, MapQuest, and Yahoo!. The quality of each geocoding service is evaluated with three metrics: match rate, positional accuracy, and similarity. A set of addresses from the US Environmental Protection Agency (EPA) database were used as a baseline. The results were statistically analyzed with respect to different location characteristics. The outcome of this study reveals the differences among the online geocoding services on the quality of their geocoding results and it can be used as a general guideline for selecting a suitable service that matches an application's needs. Numéro de notice : A2010-321 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903289478 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903289478 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30515 [article]

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Constrained free space diagrams: a tool for trajectory analysis / Kevin Buchin in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1101 - 1125 Titre : Constrained free space diagrams: a tool for trajectory analysis Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kevin Buchin, Auteur ; M. Buchin, Auteur ; J. Gudmundsson, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1101 - 1125 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] courbe [Termes IGN] diagramme [Termes IGN] direction [Termes IGN] objet mobile [Termes IGN] similitude [Termes IGN] trajet (mobilité) [Termes IGN] vitesse Résumé : (Auteur) Time plays an important role in the analysis of moving object data. For many applications it is not sufficient to only compare objects at exactly the same times, or to consider only the geometry of their trajectories. We show how to leverage between these two approaches by extending a tool from curve analysis, namely the free space diagram. Our approach also allows us to take further attributes of the objects like speed or direction into account. We demonstrate the usefulness of the new tool by applying it to the problem of detecting single file movement. A single file is a set of moving entities, which are following each other, one behind the other. Our algorithm is the first one developed for detecting such movement patterns. For this application, we analyse demonstrate the performance of our tool both theoretically experimentally. Numéro de notice : A2010-322 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903569598 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903569598 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30516 [article]

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An active crawler for discovering geospatial Web services and their distribution pattern : A case study of OGC Web Map Service / W. Li in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1127 - 1147 Titre : An active crawler for discovering geospatial Web services and their distribution pattern : A case study of OGC Web Map Service Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : W. Li, Auteur ; C. Yang, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1127 - 1147 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique web [Termes IGN] service web géographique [Termes IGN] Web Map Service Résumé : (Auteur) The increased popularity of standards for geospatial interoperability has led to an increasing number of geospatial Web services (GWSs), such as Web Map Services (WMSs), becoming publicly available on the Internet. However, finding the services in a quick and precise fashion is still a challenge. Traditional methods collect the services through centralized registries, where services can be manually registered. But the metadata of the registered services cannot be updated timely. This paper addresses the above challenges by developing an effective crawler to discover and update the services in (1) proposing an accumulated term frequency (ATF)-based conditional probability model for prioritized crawling, (2) utilizing concurrent multi-threading technique, and (3) adopting an automatic mechanism to update the metadata of identified services. Experiments show that the proposed crawler achieves good performance in both crawling efficiency and results' coverage/liveliness. In addition, an interesting finding regarding the distribution pattern of WMSs is discussed. We expect this research to contribute to automatic GWS discovery over the large-scale and dynamic World Wide Web and the promotion of operational interoperable distributed geospatial services. Numéro de notice : A2010-323 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903514172 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903514172 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30517 [article]

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An agent-based micro-simulation framework for modelling of dynamic activity-travel rescheduling decisions / Theo Arentze in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1149 - 1170 Titre : An agent-based micro-simulation framework for modelling of dynamic activity-travel rescheduling decisions Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Theo Arentze, Auteur ; C. Pelizaro, Auteur ; Harry Timmermans, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1149 - 1170 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] agent (intelligence artificielle) [Termes IGN] mobilité urbaine [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] Pays-Bas [Termes IGN] simulation dynamique Résumé : (Auteur) The simultaneous implementation of daily activity-travel schedules of individuals in a given spatial environment generally gives rise to time- and location-varying congestion levels, which affect the conditions for subsequent activity and travel choices. Although such dynamics are commonly recognized, current activity-based models typically ignore the adaptive behaviour of individuals. In this article, we propose an agent-based simulation system that allows one to simulate, in addition to activity-scheduling behaviour, also the execution of schedules in space and time. Congestion levels at specific times and places emerge in the system and may lead to discrepancies between scheduled and actual activity and travel times. Agents respond to such unforeseen events by reconsidering an existing schedule (within-day re-planning) and by adapting their expectations about traffic conditions for subsequent days (learning). The system is illustrated using the activity-travel diary data collected in the Eindhoven region, the Netherlands, to better understand the choice of urban parks in the study area. We discuss the merits of the system for transport and spatial planning and identify avenues for future research. Numéro de notice : A2010-324 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903317022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903317022 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30518 [article]

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An application-driven approach to terrain model construction / A. Darnell in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1171 - 1191 Titre : An application-driven approach to terrain model construction Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A. Darnell, Auteur ; A. Lovett, Auteur ; J. Barclay, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1171 - 1191 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Photogrammétrie numérique [Termes IGN] analyse de sensibilité [Termes IGN] erreur géométrique [Termes IGN] incertitude géométrique [Termes IGN] lave [Termes IGN] méthode de Monte-Carlo [Termes IGN] modèle numérique de surface Résumé : (Auteur) Terrain is a surface phenomenon that is measured, modelled, and mapped. However, it is continuously variable and must be simulated by points or mathematical equations that are inherently approximations. The error induced by digitally represented terrain can propagate to surface derivatives and geographical information science (GIS) applications where topography is considered. This can lead to uncertainty in model predictions and the use of data that are unfit for the application to which they are intended. This article outlines the problem of uncertainty in terrain representation and demonstrates the consequences for volcanic mudflow modelling. The response of a simple least-cost single flow algorithm to input parameters was investigated in order to assess output variation from the different sources of input variation. Elevation error was modelled with a probability density function (PDF) and propagated through stochastic simulation (Monte Carlo). Such combined uncertainty and sensitivity analyses enabled a qualitative judgement of the relative significance of elevation error on the flow model prediction. Different methods for terrain model construction were considered and show that supplementing global positioning system (GPS) measurements with information from field notes and reconnaissance photographs greatly improved the model performance and reduced the uncertainty. It is concluded that in terms of validity of model results, there is no substitute for constructing an elevation model that is informed by the terrain. Numéro de notice : A2010-325 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903318889 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903318889 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30519 [article]

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079-2010042	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Exploring population spatial concentrations in Northern Ireland by community background and other characteristics: an application of geographically weighted spatial statistics / C.D. Lloyd in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1193 - 1221 Titre : Exploring population spatial concentrations in Northern Ireland by community background and other characteristics: an application of geographically weighted spatial statistics Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : C.D. Lloyd, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1193 - 1221 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] autocorrélation spatiale [Termes IGN] géostatistique [Termes IGN] interpolation inversement proportionnelle à la distance [Termes IGN] interpolation par pondération de zones [Termes IGN] Irlande du nord [Termes IGN] pondération [Termes IGN] population [Termes IGN] régression géographiquement pondérée [Termes IGN] religion [Termes IGN] urbanisation Résumé : (Auteur) Information on how populations are spatially concentrated by different characteristics is a key means of guiding government policies in a variety of contexts, in addition to being of substantial academic interest. In particular, to reduce inequalities between groups, it is necessary to understand the characteristics of these groups in terms of their composition and their geographical structure. This article explores the degree to which the population of Northern Ireland is spatially concentrated by a range of characteristics. There is a long history of interest in residential segregation by religion in Northern Ireland; this article assesses population concentration not only by community background ('religion or religion brought up in') but also by housing tenure, employment and other socioeconomic and demographic characteristics. The spatial structure of geographical variables can be captured by a range of spatial statistics including Moran's I. Such approaches utilise information on connections between observations or the distances between them. While such approaches are conceptually an improvement on standard aspatial statistics, a logical further step is to compute statistics on a local basis on the grounds that most real-world properties are not spatially homogenous and, therefore, global measures may mask much variation. In population geography, which provides the substantive focus for this article, there are still relatively few studies that assess in depth the application of geographically weighted statistics for exploring population characteristics individually and for exploring relations between variables. This article demonstrates the value of such approaches by using a variety of geographically weighted statistical measures to explore outputs from the 2001 Census of Population of Northern Ireland. A key objective is to assess the degree to which the population is spatially divided, as judged by the selected variables. In other words, do people cluster more strongly with others who share their community background or others who have a similar socioeconomic status in some respect? The analysis demonstrates how geographically weighted statistics can be used to explore the degree to which single socioeconomic and demographic variables and relations between such variables differ at different spatial scales and at different geographical locations. For example, the results show that there are regions comprising neighbouring areas with large proportions of people from the same community background, but with variable unemployment levels, while in other areas the first case holds true but unemployment levels are consistently low. The analysis supports the contention that geographical variations in population characteristics are the norm, and these cannot be captured without using local methods. An additional methodological contribution relates to the treatment of counts expressed as percentages. Numéro de notice : A2010-326 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903321321 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903321321 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30520 [article]

Exemplaires(2)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-2010041	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible
079-2010042	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Anchor uncertainty and space-time prisms on road networks / Bart Kuijpers in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1223 - 1248 Titre : Anchor uncertainty and space-time prisms on road networks Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Bart Kuijpers, Auteur ; Harvey J. Miller, Auteur ; T. Neutens, Auteur ; Walied Othman, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1223 - 1248 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] incertitude géométrique [Termes IGN] logiciel de calcul scientifique [Termes IGN] objet mobile [Termes IGN] réseau routier Résumé : (Auteur) Space-time prisms capture all possible locations of a moving person or object between two known locations and times given the maximum travel velocities in the environment. These known locations or 'anchor points' can represent observed locations or mandatory locations because of scheduling constraints. The classic space-time prism as well as more recent analytical and computational versions in planar space and networks assume that these anchor points are perfectly known or fixed. In reality, observations of anchor points can have error, or the scheduling constraints may have some degree of pliability. This article generalizes the concept of anchor points to anchor regions: these are bounded, possibly disconnected, subsets of space-time containing all possible locations for the anchor points, with each location labelled with an anchor probability. We develop two algorithms for calculating network-based space-time prisms based on these probabilistic anchor regions. The first algorithm calculates the envelope of all space-time prisms having an anchor point within a particular anchor region. The second algorithm calculates, for any space-time point, the probability that a space-time prism with given anchor regions contains that particular point. Both algorithms are implemented in Mathematica to visualize travel possibilities in case the anchor points of a space-time prism are uncertain. We also discuss the complexity of the procedures, their use in analysing uncertainty or flexibility in network-based prisms and future research directions. Numéro de notice : A2010-327 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903321339 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903321339 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30521 [article]

Exemplaires(2)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-2010041	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible
079-2010042	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Affordance-based categorization of road network data using a grounded theory of channel networks / Simon Scheider in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1249 - 1267 Titre : Affordance-based categorization of road network data using a grounded theory of channel networks Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Simon Scheider, Auteur ; Werner Kuhn, Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1249 - 1267 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées [Termes IGN] base de données routières [Termes IGN] carrefour [Termes IGN] hétérogénéité sémantique [Termes IGN] réseau routier Résumé : (Auteur) We propose a grounded ontological theory of channel networks to categorize features, such as junctions, in road network databases. The theory is grounded, because its primitives can be given an unambiguous interpretation into directly observable qualities of physical road networks, such as supported movements and their medium, connectedness of such media, and turnoff restrictions. The theory provides a very general approach to automatically annotate and integrate road network data from heterogeneous sources, because it rests on application-independent observation principles. We suggest that road network categories such as junctions and roads are based on locomotion affordances. Road network databases can be mapped into our channel network theory, so that instances of roads and junctions can be automatically categorized or checked for consistency by what they afford. In this paper, we introduce affordance-based definitions of a road network and a junction, and show that the definition of latter is satisfied by some of the most common junction types. Numéro de notice : A2010-328 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903514198 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903514198 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30522 [article]

Exemplaires(2)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-2010041	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible
079-2010042	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

An agent-based model for optimal land allocation (AgentLA) with a contiguity constraint / Y. Chen in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010) . - pp 1269 - 1288 Titre : An agent-based model for optimal land allocation (AgentLA) with a contiguity constraint Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Y. Chen, Auteur ; X. Li, Auteur ; X. Liu, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2010 Article en page(s) : pp 1269 - 1288 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] agent (intelligence artificielle) [Termes IGN] allocation [Termes IGN] Canton (Kouangtoung) [Termes IGN] optimisation (mathématiques) [Termes IGN] participation du public [Termes IGN] programmation par contraintes Résumé : (Auteur) Spatial optimization is complex because it usually involves numerous spatial factors and constraints. The optimization becomes more challenging if a large set of spatial data with fine resolutions are used. This article presents an agent-based model for optimal land allocation (AgentLA) by maximizing the total amount of land-use suitability and the compactness of patterns. The essence of the optimization is based on the collective efforts of agents for formulating the optimal patterns. A local and global search strategy is proposed to inform the agents to select the sites properly. Three sets of hypothetical data were first used to verify the optimization effects. AgentLA was then applied to the solution of the actual land allocation optimization problems in Panyu city in the Pearl River Delta. The study has demonstrated that the proposed method has better performance than the simulated annealing method for solving complex spatial optimization problems. Experiments also indicate that the proposed model can produce patterns that are very close to the global optimums. Numéro de notice : A2010-329 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810903401024 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810903401024 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30523 [article]

Exemplaires(2)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-2010041	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible
079-2010042	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible