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US strategy for forest management adaptation to climate change: building a framework for decision making / V. Alaric Sample in Annals of Forest Science, vol 71 n° 2 (March 2014)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 71 n° 2 (March 2014) . - pp 125 - 130 Titre : US strategy for forest management adaptation to climate change: building a framework for decision making Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : V. Alaric Sample, Auteur ; Jessica E. Halofsky, Auteur ; David L. Peterson, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 125 - 130 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] Etats-Unis [Termes IGN] forêt [Termes IGN] gestion des ressources Résumé : (Auteur) Context: Recent policy changes in the USA direct agencies managing federal forests to analyze the potential effects of climate change on forest productivity, water resource protection, wildlife habitat, biodiversity, and other values. Aims: This paper describes methods developed to (1) assess current risks, vulnerabilities, and gaps in knowledge; (2) engage internal agency resources and external partners in the development of options and solutions; and (3) manage forest resources for resilience, not just in terms of natural ecosystems but in affected human communities as well. Methods: We describe an approach designed to characterize certain climate change effects on forests, and estimate the effectiveness of response options ranging from resistance to a realignment of management objectives. Results: Field testing on a 6,300 km2 area of conifer forest in the northwestern USA shows this decision model to be useful and cost-effective in identifying the highest sensitivities relating to vegetation management, biological diversity, water resources and forest transportation systems, and building consensus for adaptive strategies and actions. Conclusions: Results suggest that this approach is an effective means for guiding management decisions to adapt to the effects of climate change, and provides an empirical basis for setting budgetary and management priorities. Numéro de notice : A2014-048 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-013-0288-6 Date de publication en ligne : 30/04/2013 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-013-0288-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32953 [article]

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Climate change impacts in European forests: the expert views of local observers / Peter Spathelf in Annals of Forest Science, vol 71 n° 2 (March 2014)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 71 n° 2 (March 2014) . - pp 131 - 137 Titre : Climate change impacts in European forests: the expert views of local observers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Peter Spathelf, Auteur ; Ernst van der Maaten, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 131 - 137 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique) [Termes IGN] forêt [Termes IGN] impact sur l'environnement [Termes IGN] région Résumé : (Auteur) [Introduction] This study presents an analysis of the diverse aspects of climate change impacts on forests in Europe based on the expert views of local observers. Local expert knowledge provides additional (often overlooked) information on climate change impacts and fills knowledge gaps for less-described European regions. Furthermore, we used expert knowledge to highlight a set of priorities for pro- and reactive forest management, taking into account differences and similarities among regions. Finally, we wanted to define “hot spots” of climate change impacts, i.e., regions, or selected tree species/stands in these regions, which are highly vulnerable and considerably exposed to negative impacts of climate change. Numéro de notice : A2014-049 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-013-0280-1 Date de publication en ligne : 05/04/2013 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-013-0280-1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32954 [article]

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Assessing changes in species distribution from sequential large-scale forest inventories / Laura Hernandez in Annals of Forest Science, vol 71 n° 2 (March 2014)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 71 n° 2 (March 2014) . - pp 161 - 171 Titre : Assessing changes in species distribution from sequential large-scale forest inventories Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Laura Hernandez, Auteur ; Isabel Canellas, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 161 - 171 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] Espagne [Termes IGN] espèce végétale [Termes IGN] estimation statistique [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes IGN] phytogéographie [Termes IGN] Pyrénées (montagne) [Termes IGN] répartition géographique Résumé : (Auteur) Context: It is assumed that global change is already affecting the composition, structure and distribution of forest ecosystems; however, detailed evidences of altitudinal and latitudinal shifts are still scarce. • Aims: To develop a method based on National Forest Inventory (NFI) to assess spatio-temporal changes in species distributions. • Methods: We develop an approach based on universal kriging to compare species distribution models from the different NFI cycles and regardless of the differences in the sampling schemes used. Furthermore, a confidence interval approach is used to assess significant changes in species distribution. The approach is applied to some of the southernmost populations of Pinus sylvestris and Fagus sylvatica in the Western Pyrenees over the last 40 years. • Results: An increase of the presence of the two species in the region was observed. Scots pine distribution has shifted about 1.5 km northwards over recent decades, whereas the European beech has extended its distribution southwards by about 2 km. Furthermore, the optimum altitude for both species has risen by about 200 m. As a result, the zone in which the two species coexist has been enlarged. • Conclusions: This approach provides a useful tool to compare NFI data from different sampling schemes, quantifying and testing significant shifts in tree species distribution over recent decades across geographical gradients. Numéro de notice : A2014-050 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-013-0308-6 Date de publication en ligne : 12/07/2013 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-013-0308-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32955 [article]

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Uneven-aged management options to promote forest resilience for climate change adaptation: effects of group selection and harvesting intensity / Valentine Lafond in Annals of Forest Science, vol 71 n° 2 (March 2014)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 71 n° 2 (March 2014) . - pp 173 - 186 Titre : Uneven-aged management options to promote forest resilience for climate change adaptation: effects of group selection and harvesting intensity Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Valentine Lafond, Auteur ; Guillaume Lagarrigues, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 173 - 186 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] gestion durable [Termes IGN] ressources naturelles [Termes IGN] sylviculture [Termes IGN] vulnérabilité Résumé : (Auteur) Context: Climate change is expected to increase forest vulnerability through disturbances such as windstorms and droughts. Forest managers are therefore investigating strategies to increase forest resistance and resilience, especially by promoting uneven-aged and mixed forests through group selection, and by reducing stand stocking and large trees proportion. However, there is little information on the long-term impacts of these two practices. Aims: The objectives of this study were (1) to develop an original silviculture algorithm designed for uneven-aged management and (2) to use it to assess the effects of the above-mentioned management methods in long-term simulations. Methods: We simulated individual and group selection techniques in order to study the effects of group size, harvesting intensity and their interactions on wood production, stand heterogeneity, and regeneration in mountain spruce–fir forests. We used the spatially explicit individual-based forest model Samsara2 to simulate forest dynamics. Results: Our simulation results confirmed the positive effect of group selection practices on structure diversity and regeneration but not on spruce maintenance. Increasing harvesting intensity enabled forest destocking but decreased structure diversity and led to non-sustained yields for the most intensive scenarios. Conclusion: As adaptation measure, we thus recommend moderate group selection harvesting creating 500 m2 gaps. Numéro de notice : A2014-051 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-013-0291-y Date de publication en ligne : 16/05/2013 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-013-0291-y Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32956 [article]

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Carbon stock changes of forest land in Finland under different levels of wood use and climate change / Risto Sievänen in Annals of Forest Science, vol 71 n° 2 (March 2014)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 71 n° 2 (March 2014) . - pp 255 - 265 Titre : Carbon stock changes of forest land in Finland under different levels of wood use and climate change Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Risto Sievänen, Auteur ; Olli Salminen, Auteur ; Aleski Lehtonen, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 255 - 265 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] Finlande [Termes IGN] forêt boréale [Termes IGN] puits de carbone [Termes IGN] sylviculture [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (Auteur) Context: Prediction of the effect of harvests and climate change (CC) on the changes in carbon stock of forests is necessary both for CC mitigation and adaptation purposes. Aims: We assessed the impact of roundwood and fuelwood removals and climate change (CC) on the changes in carbon stock of Finnish forests during 2007–2042. We considered three harvest scenarios: two based on the recent projections of roundwood and fuelwood demand, and the third reflecting the maximum sustainable cutting level. We applied two climate scenarios: the climate was in the state that prevailed around year 2006, or it changed according to the IPCC SRES A1B scenario. Methods: We combined the large-scale forestry model MELA with the soil carbon model Yasso07 for mineral soils. For soils of drained, forested peatlands, we used a method based on emission factors. Results: The stock change of trees accounted for approximately 80 % of the total stock change. Trees and mineral soils acted as carbon sinks and the drained peatland soils as a carbon source. The forest carbon sink increased clearly in both of the demand-based scenarios, reaching the level of 13–20 Tg C/year (without CC). The planned increase in the use of bioenergy reduced the forest sink by 2.6 Tg C/year. CC increased the forest carbon sink in 2042 by 38 %–58 % depending on the scenario. CC decreased the sink of mineral soils in the initial years of the simulations; after 2030, the effect was slightly positive. CC increased the emissions from the drained peatland soils. Conclusions: It is likely that forest land in Finland acts as a carbon sink in the future. The changes in carbon stocks of trees, mineral soils, and peatland soils respond differently to CC and fuelwood and roundwood harvests. Numéro de notice : A2014-052 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-013-0295-7 Date de publication en ligne : 22/05/2013 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-013-0295-7 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=32957 [article]

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