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Model-driven tools to support conceptual geospatial modelling / J. Althoff (2011) 

Public Titre : Model-driven tools to support conceptual geospatial modelling Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : J. Althoff, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule ETH - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Zurich EPFZ Année de publication : 2011 Collection : Dissertationen ETH num. 19918 Importance : 193 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] architecture orientée modèle [Termes IGN] GML [Termes IGN] INTERLIS [Termes IGN] langage de modélisation [Termes IGN] MADS [Termes IGN] métamodèle [Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données localisées [Termes IGN] UML Résumé : (Auteur) The raising importance and fast development of national and international Spatial Data Infrastructures originate a need for harmonised geo data of different sources. Spatial datasets should not only be found, presented and processed via geo portals, but different information should also be capable of being integrated. Beyond pure technical and geometric issues like file formats, spatial resolutions or reference systems, this also includes informational aspects as data structures and semantic aspects. A precondition for a tight integration of spatial data from different sources is precise definition of the used or targeted datasets. Such definition processes currently take place in the 'INSPIRE data specifiations' or the Swiss efforts to create 'minimum data models' according to the Swiss federal act on geoinformation. In those initiatives groups of experts discuss about common information elements, how those elements are characterised in detail and relate to each other. The resulting data description is formalised in so called 'conceptual data models', which should be as independent of data formats, database systems or general computational aspects as possible. Data models in the field of spatial information are characterised by specific aspects that are not common in other domains. Those are especially location with reference systems, different kinds of 2d or 3d geometries or measurements with units and value ranges. With common 'general purpose' modelling approaches like UML it is difficult to represent those aspects in a sufficient and user friendly way. Consequently, in recent years several specialised approaches were developed to support the creation of spatial models. There are extensions to UML, like GeoUML or the ISO/TC-211 standards, as well as independent languages like INTERLIS or MADS. Drawbacks of all specialisations are mainly a lack of suitable tools for modelling, limitations in scope or adaptability and poor interoperability between different approaches. Such issues are addressed by new trends in the field of model driven software developments. After monolithic and inflexible approaches, new 'language-centric' methods evolve to support the adaptability of modelling languages, the creation of suitable tools and transformations between different types of models. A core technology for this is 'meta modelling' and describes the formal definition of modelling languages with standardised elements. Meta models of modelling languages, which is used to efficiently generate software tools like graphical or textual editors, model validators or model transformations. This approach is highly efficient and not only used for existing languages, but also induced the creation of highly specialised 'small' (or 'domain-specific') languages, which are tightly adjusted to a field of work, a specific task or a user group. This thesis explores to what extend those ideas of model driven software development can be applied to conceptual spatial data modelling. This could help to simplify modelling for domains expert by providing them suitable languages and graphical editors, enhance model quality with model validators and offer new ways of interoperability between different modelling languages. Firstly it will be tested, if a common meta modelling approaches of software development can be used to sufficiently describe languages for conceptual spatial modelling. This is carried out for existing conceptual geospatial languages with Ecore, the most commonly used meta modelling approach. As result, the different languages can be represented on a common definition base. Additionally to already existing modelling languages, the idea of 'domain specific languages' is taken up to develop an exemplary modelling language 'HML' for the HUMBOLDT project1. According tools like a graphical model editor and a validating parser are created in a highly automated way for this language. Based on the developed meta models, transformations between different conceptual spatial modelling approaches are investigated in a second step. A language-to-language mapping between the domain specific approach of HML and ISO/TC-211 compliant UML is declared and executed. Such transformations between specialised languages and general purpose languages are of particular interest, because they offer ways of optimising modelling processes while staying interoperable to existing models and tools. Finally vertical transformations, the possibility to create logical or physical models from the conceptual models, are addressed. Similar to the horizontal language-to-language transformations, standard tools from software development are used to derive GML Schema and textual model documentation. All in all, this work proves along practical implementations how language based technologies of modern model driven software development can support conceptual spatial modelling. Especially the combination of 'domain-specific' modelling languages with according software tools and horizontal language-to-language tools offers possibilities to simplify modelling processes, increases model quality and opens a new field of interoperability between different conceptual modelling languages. Note de contenu : 1 Introduction 1.1 Motivation and Current Situation 1.2 Hypothesis 1.3 Structure of the Thesis 1.4 Summary 2 State of the Art 2.1 Modelling and Models 2.2 Conceptual Modelling Languages 2.3 Model Transformation 2.4 Model-Driven Software Development 2.5 Summary 3 Concepts 3.1 Problem Field 3.2 Working Thesis 3.3 Meta Models 3.4 Horizontal Transformations 3.5 Vertical Transformations 3.6 Summary 4 Implementation 4.1 Used Technology 4.2 Domain Specific Language & Graphical Editor 4.3 Language-to-Language Transformations 4.4 Realisation of Vertical Transformations 4.5 Summary 5 Summary of the Results 6 Discussion 6.1 Definition of Domain Specific Languages 6.2 Tools 6.3 Horizontal Language-to-Language Transformations 6.4 Outlook Numéro de notice : 14643 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=62676

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A model-driven approach to management of integrated metadata-spatial data in the context of spatial infrastructures / Chouaieb Najar (2006)  

Public Titre : A model-driven approach to management of integrated metadata-spatial data in the context of spatial infrastructures Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Chouaieb Najar, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Institut für Geodäsie und Photogrammetrie IGP - ETH Année de publication : 2006 Collection : IGP Mitteilungen, ISSN 0252-9335 num. 090 Importance : 164 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-906467-60-3 Note générale : Bibliographie Doctoral thesis Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées [Termes IGN] architecture orientée modèle [Termes IGN] données localisées [Termes IGN] implémentation (informatique) [Termes IGN] infrastructure nationale des données localisées [Termes IGN] intégration de données [Termes IGN] INTERLIS [Termes IGN] interopérabilité [Termes IGN] interopérabilité sémantique [Termes IGN] métadonnées [Termes IGN] métadonnées géographiques [Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données localisées [Termes IGN] prototype [Termes IGN] relation sémantique [Termes IGN] segmentation sémantique [Termes IGN] serveur web [Termes IGN] service web géographique [Termes IGN] UML Résumé : (Auteur) The demand for spatial metadata to describe spatial data is growing in the networked environment. Yet, currently metadata acquisition and management often play a subordinate role in many organizations and are considered overhead. If at all, metadata are acquired much after the spatial data and are stored in separate repositories. Consequently, there are two independent data sets to manage and update: spatial data and metadata. These are often redundant and inconsistent, as it is not always clear which information is metadata and which is spatial data. Looking at the interoperability in Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) from a technical point of view, the specialized spatial search engine needs spatial data which are labeled and indexed by metadata. The more reliable and consistent such metadata are, the better they support an SDI as an enabling platform to search, exchange and process spatial data. This leaves a gap between the status-quo of metadata and the demand for metadata which needs to be accounted for with new metadata management concepts. Consequently, the main focus of this thesis concerns the optimization of metadata management by integrating metadata and spatial data in a common file or database. This common metadata-spatial data set can be considered to be 'comprehensive spatial data'. The concept of metadata-spatial data integration enables the spatial data to carry their own metadata description with them. The approach distinguishes between already existing spatial data models, which have to be extended and newly planned data models and sets, which can managed commonly from the beginning. The different groups of metadata which can be integrated are discussed (implicitly derivable, explicitly derivable and new metadata attributes) and the principles how these might be placed in a model (top-down and bottom-up). The three steps of integration include firstly a semantic analysis and translation, secondly a structural analysis and thirdly hierarchical integration as well as a semantic transformation. Provided that common metadata-spatial data sets exist, the concept of views offers the possibility to extract metadata and spatial data according to various standards and other excepts from the comprehensive data set. This gains flexibility and interoperability for using common metadata-spatial data sets in an SDI environment in which different services and users need different extracts and structures of a certain data or metadata set. In order to review the feasibility of the concept of metadata-spatial data integration three test data models and their data sets are integrated with their corresponding metadata. The Swiss federal cadastral model, a water supply model of the City of Zurich and an environmental data model vary in complexity, size modeling structure, modeling language as well as in the question whether they are standardized. The results of this case study show that the integration of metadata in existing models and data sets is feasible. For each of the chosen models certain top-down and bottom-up metadata attributes are defined. Furthermore, the implicitly and explicitly derivable attributes are ascertained. In a workshop the common models were verified with experts who know the original models well. In order to be able to use the concept of integration on any data set in a similar way, rules for the integration are necessary. Therefore, general principles are derived for object-oriented and relational modeling languages by comparing the results from the case study and abstracting them to a general case of any spatial data set. A group of general, automatic principles to insert certain metadata at a specific place in the model has been defined. These automatic principles consist of general top-down metadata that are valid for the whole model and bottom-up metadata that mirror the changes and heterogeneity of data within the model. Notwithstanding, it is also necessary for the modeling expert who knows the spatial data well to choose which metadata can be derived implicitly and explicitly. In order to support the common management of metadata and spatial data with tools and to support new metadata-spatial data sets in their common handling, two prototype implementations are realized. The first prototype is an existing open source modeling software called INTERLIS/UML Editor, which is extended by implementing the principles for metadata-spatial data integration. For example, a new functionality is that certain metadata are added automatically when a new model is generated. Consequently common modeling for spatial data and metadata is supported in a harmonized way. The second prototype implementation explores the possibilities of creating views and functionalities of views in the relational database management system Oracle 9i. Views according to different profiles of ISO 19115 are extracted from integrated data sets. Note de contenu : Chapter 1 Introduction 1.1 Background 1.2 Motivation. 1.3 Problem Statement 1.4 Hypothesis and Objectives 1.5 Approach 1.6 Structure of the Thesis 1.7 Summary Chapter 2 Basic Concepts and Related Literature 2.1 Basic Definitions 2.2 Spatial Data Infrastructures and GIS 2.3 Components of Spatial Data Infrastructures 2.4 Current SDI Initiatives 2.5 Spatial Data Modeling 2.6 Semantic Processing of Spatial Data Sets 2.7 Summary Chapter 3 State of the Art in Metadata 3.2 Current Situation in Research of Metadata Management 3.2 Relevance of Concept of Integration in Research 3.3 Summary Chapter 4 Concept of Integration and Views 4.1 Introduction to Semantic Mapping 4.2 Concept of Metadata-Spatial Data Integration 4.3 Concept of Views 4.4 Discussion in Context of SDI 4.5 Summary Chapter 5 Creating Principles for Metadata- Spatial Data Integration 5.1 Case Study with Existing Spatial Data Sets 5.2 Discussion of Integration 5.3 The Design of Principles 5.4 Summary Chapter 6 Prototype Implementation 6.1 Introduction of General Tools 6.2 Implementation of the Modeling Prototype. 6.3 Implementation of the View Process 6.4 Demonstrator for Web Services using Integrated Metadata Spatial Data Sets 6.5 Summary Chapter 7 Discussion of Results 7.1 Summary of Results 7.2 Discussion of Results and Conclusion 7.3 Outlook Numéro de notice : 15200 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Thèse étrangère DOI : 10.3929/ethz-a-005201125 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-005201125 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=55092

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Swiss cadastral core data model: a system-independent data exchange mechanism / D. Steudler in GIM international, vol 19 n° 9 (September 2005)

Public [article]  inGIM international > vol 19 n° 9 (September 2005) . - pp 40 - 43 Titre : Swiss cadastral core data model: a system-independent data exchange mechanism Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : D. Steudler, Auteur Année de publication : 2005 Article en page(s) : pp 40 - 43 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cadastre étranger [Termes IGN] couche thématique [Termes IGN] données localisées [Termes IGN] échange de données informatisé [Termes IGN] géoréférencement [Termes IGN] GML [Termes IGN] interface logicielle [Termes IGN] INTERLIS [Termes IGN] langage naturel (informatique) [Termes IGN] lever cadastral [Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données localisées [Termes IGN] Suisse [Termes IGN] UML Résumé : (Editeur) Data modelling, interoperability, spatial data infrastructure, OpenGIS and GML/XML are important for data access and eGovernment developments in cadastre and land administration. Geo-referenced information also has a crucial role in many other land-related decision making processes. The author describes creation of the data-description language INTERLIS and a Swiss-developed data model for cadastral surveying. Numéro de notice : A2005-368 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=27504 [article]

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Transfert de données, Journée d'étude du 5 septembre 1991 / Alessandro Carosio (1991)

Public Titre : Transfert de données, Journée d'étude du 5 septembre 1991 Type de document : Actes de congrès Auteurs : Alessandro Carosio, Éditeur scientifique Editeur : Zurich : Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule ETH - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Zurich EPFZ Année de publication : 1991 Collection : Mitteilungen ETH num. 48 Conférence : ETH 1991, Journée d'étude Transfert de données 05/09/1991 Zurich Suisse Importance : 150 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données [Termes IGN] cartographie [Termes IGN] échange de données informatisé [Termes IGN] EDIGEO [Termes IGN] INTERLIS [Termes IGN] nouvelle triangulation de la France [Termes IGN] Suisse [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique [Termes IGN] transmission de données Note de contenu : - L'architecture des systèmes de communication : problèmes, solutions théoriques, techniques, exemples, etc. / B. Plattner - Pourquoi le transfert de données dans la mensuration ? : une vision d'ensemble des besoins / B. Simos-Rapin - Modèle et technique d'échange des données dans la mensuration officielle suisse : le langage INTERLIS pour la description des données / J. Dorfschmid - Aperçu sur les solutions apportées à l'étranger / F. Golay - Le catalogue des données et l'interface de la mensuration officielle (IMO) / P.A. Trachsel et Y. Dreillon - Mise en oeuvre de l'IMO et d'INTERLIS dans les applications pratiques / A. Kobel - Interface d'application (en particulier pour les utilisateurs de CAD) / W. Meier - Intégration de données de la mensuration officielle / C. Seiler - Interface de la cartographie officielle / U. Gerber, R. Stengele et O. Reis - Télécommunication en Suisse - aujourd'hui et demain / M. Knüsel Numéro de notice : 60500 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Actes Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=36191

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