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Nonparametric upscaling of bark beetle infestations and management from plot to landscape level by combining individual-based with Markov chain models / Bruno Walter Pietzsch in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 142 n° 1 (February 2023)
Titre : Nonparametric upscaling of bark beetle infestations and management from plot to landscape level by combining individual-based with Markov chain models Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Bruno Walter Pietzsch, Auteur ; Chris Wudel, Auteur ; Uta Berger, Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : pp 129 - 144 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Allemagne
[Termes IGN] chaîne de Markov
[Termes IGN] dépérissement
[Termes IGN] insecte nuisible
[Termes IGN] métamodèle
[Termes IGN] modèle de simulation
[Termes IGN] Picea abies
[Termes IGN] santé des forêts
[Termes IGN] Scolytinae
[Termes IGN] Suisse
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Linked to climate change, drivers such as increased temperatures and decreased water availability affect forest health in complex ways by simultaneously weakening tree vitality and promoting insect pest activity. One major beneficiary of climate-induced changes is the European spruce bark beetle (Ips typographus). To improve the mechanistic understanding of climate change impacts on long-term beetle infestation risks, individual-based simulation models (IBM) such as the bark beetle dispersion model IPS-SPREADS have been proven as effective tools. However, the computational costs of IBMs limit their spatial scale of application. While these tools are best suitable to simulate bark beetle dynamics on the plot level, upscaling the process to larger areas is challenging. The larger spatial scale is, nevertheless, often required to support the selection of adequate management intervention. Here, we introduce a novel two-step approach to address this challenge: (1) we use the IPS-SPREADS model to simulate the bark beetle dispersal at a local scale by dividing the research area into 250 × 250 m grid cells; and (2) we then apply a metamodel framework to upscale the results to the landscape level. The metamodel is based on Markov chains derived from the infestation probabilities of IPS-SPREADS results and extended by considering neighbor interaction and spruce dieback of each focal cell. We validated the metamodel by comparing its predictions with infestations observed in 2017 and 2018 in the Saxon Switzerland national park, Germany, and tested sanitation felling as a measure to prevent potential further outbreaks in the region. Validation showed an improvement in predictions by introducing the model extension of beetle spreading from one cell to another. The metamodel forecasts indicated an increase in the risk of infestation for adjacent forest areas. In case of a beetle mass outbreak, sanitation felling intensities of 80 percent and above seem to mitigate further outbreak progression. Numéro de notice : A2023-139 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10342-022-01512-1 Date de publication en ligne : 29/10/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-022-01512-1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102694
in European Journal of Forest Research > vol 142 n° 1 (February 2023) . - pp 129 - 144[article]
Titre : Multilevel modeling of geographic information systems based on international standards Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Suilen H. Alvarado, Auteur ; Alejandro Cortiñas, Auteur ; Miguel R. Luaces, Auteur ; Oscar Pedreira, Auteur ; Angeles S. Places, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 623 - 666 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] architecture orientée modèle
[Termes IGN] métamodèle
[Termes IGN] standard OGC
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographiqueRésumé : (auteur) Even though different applications based on Geographic Information Systems (GIS) provide different features and functions, they all share a set of common concepts (e.g., spatial data types, operations, services), a common architecture, and a common set of technologies. Furthermore, common structures appear repeatedly in different GIS, although they have to be specialized in specific application domains. Multilevel modeling is an approach to model-driven engineering (MDE) in which the number of metamodel levels is not fixed. This approach aims at solving the limitations of a two-level metamodeling approach, which forces the designer to include all the metamodel elements at the same level. In this paper, we address the application of multilevel modeling to the domain of GIS, and we evaluate its potential benefits. Although we do not present a complete set of models, we present four representative scenarios supported by example models. One of them is based on the standards defined by ISO TC/211 and the Open Geospatial Consortium. The other three are based on the EU INSPIRE Directive (territory administration, spatial networks, and facility management). These scenarios show that multilevel modeling can provide more benefits to GIS modeling than a two-level metamodeling approach. Numéro de notice : A2022-330 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10270-021-00901-1 Date de publication en ligne : 02/07/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10270-021-00901-1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100605
in Software and Systems Modeling > vol 21 n° 2 (April 2022) . - pp 623 - 666[article]
Titre : The difficult way towards Land cover and land use data harmonization across scales, space and time in Europe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Dominique Laurent Editeur : Leibniz : Leibniz Institute of Ecological Urban and Regional Development Année de publication : 2019 Projets : TimeMachine / Gouet-Brunet, Valérie Conférence : ILUS 2019, 3rd International land use symposium, Land use changes: Trends and projections 04/12/2019 06/12/2019 Paris France programme sans actes Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] harmonisation des données
[Termes IGN] infrastructure européenne de données localisées
[Termes IGN] INSPIRE
[Termes IGN] métamodèle
[Termes IGN] occupation du sol
[Termes IGN] utilisation du solMots-clés libres : Knowledge Exchange Network Résumé : (auteur) Describing land, through its physical properties and functional characteristics, to support decision from local to global level, in particular to observe land evolution through time, at a sustainable cost for society is a domain with many challenges and opportunities. This is the domain of land cover and land use data design which receives attention from a vast community, from raw data providers (satellite imagery, in situ data) to data curators and integrators as well as users. One of the first attempts to harmonize Land Cover and Land Use data has been the INSPIRE Directive (voted in 2007) that aims to provide the legal framework for achieving a European Spatial Data Infrastructure where the Commission could reuse national data used by members for their national policies. Among its Implementing Rules, interoperability is addressed through the definition of common data models for land cover and for land use information. INSPIRE being based on existing data, these models have been defined to be quite flexible. On the one hand, this European legal context and the new technical opportunities may push data producers to design new land cover and land use products, with for example more concern for European reusability of national products. On the other hand, land cover and land use data are often used to compute evolution indicators, which requires stable enough or at least comparable specifications; which rather push data providers to stick to former data specification. More recently, UN-GGIM: Europe (United Nations initiative on Global Geographic Information Management) has set up a Working Group on spatial data the most useful to analyze, achieve or monitor the Sustainable Development Goals, called core data. This group defines priorities for the production of new data or the enhancement of existing one. Land Cover and Land Use are identified as core data themes. The EuroGeographics INSPIRE KEN (Knowledge Exchange Network) and EuroSDR organised a workshop in November 2017 on this topic: how to make the most of available technologies (in terms of precision, accuracy and cost) as well as how to achieve products comparability and reusability across scales, space and time. Main conclusion was that quite diverse national practices must be accounted, though the concept of separating land cover and land use was widely adopted. Besides, attendees express the need to connect to new communities: deep learning to cope with big data, and communities studying the surveyed phenomena to integrate more domain knowledge in land cover and land use surveying process. Last, meta-models like EAGLE supporting the comparison of classifications were recognized as a key SDI component.
The presentation will remind why data harmonization is useful, it will provide an overview of what has been achieved and explain the remaining difficulties.Numéro de notice : C2019-068 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN (2012-2019) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComSansActesPubliés-Unpublished DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97023
Titre : Des situations de modélisation pour décrire un processus de modélisation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Antoine Breugnard, Auteur ; Fabien Dagnat, Auteur ; Sylvain Guérin, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 41 - 66 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information
[Termes IGN] artefact
[Termes IGN] logiciel de modélisation
[Termes IGN] logiciel libre
[Termes IGN] métamodèle
[Termes IGN] modélisation
[Termes IGN] processusRésumé : (Auteur) Nous proposons d’identifier des situations de modélisation en mettant en évidence des actions élémentaires sur les artéfacts de modélisation que sont les modèles et les méta-modèles. Nous illustrons la démarche de modélisation par une étude de cas détaillée. Nous pensons que l’identification de ces situations élémentaires permet de mieux comprendre la modélisation et par conséquent les besoins des outils de modélisation. Nous présentons Openflexo, un outil de modélisation libre qui nous permet de mettre en œuvre cette approche. Numéro de notice : A2015-422 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.3166/isi.20.2.41-66 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3166/isi.20.2.41-66 Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76630
in Ingénierie des systèmes d'information, ISI : Revue des sciences et technologies de l'information, RSTI > vol 20 n° 2 (mars - avril 2015) . - pp 41 - 66[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 093-2015021 SL Revue Centre de documentation Revues en salle Disponible
Titre : Model-driven tools to support conceptual geospatial modelling Type de document : Monographie Auteurs : J. Althoff, Auteur Editeur : Zurich : Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule ETH - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Zurich EPFZ Année de publication : 2011 Collection : Dissertationen ETH num. 19918 Importance : 193 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] architecture orientée modèle
[Termes IGN] GML
[Termes IGN] INTERLIS
[Termes IGN] langage de modélisation
[Termes IGN] MADS
[Termes IGN] métamodèle
[Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données localisées
[Termes IGN] UMLRésumé : (Auteur) The raising importance and fast development of national and international Spatial Data Infrastructures originate a need for harmonised geo data of different sources. Spatial datasets should not only be found, presented and processed via geo portals, but different information should also be capable of being integrated. Beyond pure technical and geometric issues like file formats, spatial resolutions or reference systems, this also includes informational aspects as data structures and semantic aspects. A precondition for a tight integration of spatial data from different sources is precise definition of the used or targeted datasets. Such definition processes currently take place in the 'INSPIRE data specifiations' or the Swiss efforts to create 'minimum data models' according to the Swiss federal act on geoinformation. In those initiatives groups of experts discuss about common information elements, how those elements are characterised in detail and relate to each other. The resulting data description is formalised in so called 'conceptual data models', which should be as independent of data formats, database systems or general computational aspects as possible. Data models in the field of spatial information are characterised by specific aspects that are not common in other domains. Those are especially location with reference systems, different kinds of 2d or 3d geometries or measurements with units and value ranges. With common 'general purpose' modelling approaches like UML it is difficult to represent those aspects in a sufficient and user friendly way. Consequently, in recent years several specialised approaches were developed to support the creation of spatial models. There are extensions to UML, like GeoUML or the ISO/TC-211 standards, as well as independent languages like INTERLIS or MADS. Drawbacks of all specialisations are mainly a lack of suitable tools for modelling, limitations in scope or adaptability and poor interoperability between different approaches. Such issues are addressed by new trends in the field of model driven software developments. After monolithic and inflexible approaches, new 'language-centric' methods evolve to support the adaptability of modelling languages, the creation of suitable tools and transformations between different types of models. A core technology for this is 'meta modelling' and describes the formal definition of modelling languages with standardised elements. Meta models of modelling languages, which is used to efficiently generate software tools like graphical or textual editors, model validators or model transformations. This approach is highly efficient and not only used for existing languages, but also induced the creation of highly specialised 'small' (or 'domain-specific') languages, which are tightly adjusted to a field of work, a specific task or a user group. This thesis explores to what extend those ideas of model driven software development can be applied to conceptual spatial data modelling. This could help to simplify modelling for domains expert by providing them suitable languages and graphical editors, enhance model quality with model validators and offer new ways of interoperability between different modelling languages. Firstly it will be tested, if a common meta modelling approaches of software development can be used to sufficiently describe languages for conceptual spatial modelling. This is carried out for existing conceptual geospatial languages with Ecore, the most commonly used meta modelling approach. As result, the different languages can be represented on a common definition base. Additionally to already existing modelling languages, the idea of 'domain specific languages' is taken up to develop an exemplary modelling language 'HML' for the HUMBOLDT project1. According tools like a graphical model editor and a validating parser are created in a highly automated way for this language. Based on the developed meta models, transformations between different conceptual spatial modelling approaches are investigated in a second step. A language-to-language mapping between the domain specific approach of HML and ISO/TC-211 compliant UML is declared and executed. Such transformations between specialised languages and general purpose languages are of particular interest, because they offer ways of optimising modelling processes while staying interoperable to existing models and tools. Finally vertical transformations, the possibility to create logical or physical models from the conceptual models, are addressed. Similar to the horizontal language-to-language transformations, standard tools from software development are used to derive GML Schema and textual model documentation. All in all, this work proves along practical implementations how language based technologies of modern model driven software development can support conceptual spatial modelling. Especially the combination of 'domain-specific' modelling languages with according software tools and horizontal language-to-language tools offers possibilities to simplify modelling processes, increases model quality and opens a new field of interoperability between different conceptual modelling languages. Note de contenu : 1 Introduction
1.1 Motivation and Current Situation
1.2 Hypothesis
1.3 Structure of the Thesis
1.4 Summary
2 State of the Art
2.1 Modelling and Models
2.2 Conceptual Modelling Languages
2.3 Model Transformation
2.4 Model-Driven Software Development
2.5 Summary
3 Concepts
3.1 Problem Field
3.2 Working Thesis
3.3 Meta Models
3.4 Horizontal Transformations
3.5 Vertical Transformations
3.6 Summary
4 Implementation
4.1 Used Technology
4.2 Domain Specific Language & Graphical Editor
4.3 Language-to-Language Transformations
4.4 Realisation of Vertical Transformations
4.5 Summary
5 Summary of the Results
6 Discussion
6.1 Definition of Domain Specific Languages
6.2 Tools
6.3 Horizontal Language-to-Language Transformations
6.4 OutlookNuméro de notice : 14643 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Monographie Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=62676 Documents numériques
en open access
14643_dissertationeth-4746-02_althoff.pdfAdobe Acrobat PDFvol 14 n° 1 - janvier - février 2009 - Gestion des données dans les SI pervasifs (Bulletin de Ingénierie des systèmes d'information, ISI : Revue des sciences et technologies de l'information, RSTI) / T. Delot
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