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Heat and drought 2003 in Europe: a climate synthesis / Martine Rebetez in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - pp. 569 - 577 Titre : Heat and drought 2003 in Europe: a climate synthesis Titre original : La chaleur et la sécheresse 2003 : une synthèse climatique Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Martine Rebetez, Auteur ; Helmut Mayer, Auteur ; Olivier Dupont, Auteur ; Dirk Schindler, Auteur ; Karl Gartner, Auteur ; Jürgen P. Kropp, Auteur ; Anette Menzel, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp. 569 - 577 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] évapotranspiration [Termes IGN] précipitation [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] surveillance météorologique [Termes IGN] température [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Heat and drought were extreme in summer 2003 in Europe. Climatic data show that most extreme were maximum air temperatures in June and August; maps of these two months show a striking similarity in geographical range. Over wide regions, monthly mean temperatures were more than 4 °C above the long term mean values. The heat lasted from May to September in large parts of western and central Europe. The lack of precipitation was most severe in summer 2003 but precipitation was generally below normal from February 2003 until June 2004 (with the exception of two months). Sunshine duration was above normal, particularly in regions which usually have rainy and cloudy episodes in summer, and relative air humidity was below normal during the whole year of 2003. The drought experienced by the vegetation in summer 2003 was exacerbated by the length of the period with scarce precipitation and humidity, by the heat during the summer and by long sunshine duration. Numéro de notice : A2006-666 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006043 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006043 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72706 [article]

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IFN-001-P000644	PER	Revue	Nogent-sur-Vernisson	Archives périodiques	Exclu du prêt

Interactive effects of drought and pathogens in forest trees / Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 597 - 612 Titre : Interactive effects of drought and pathogens in forest trees Titre original : Interactions entre sécheresse et agents pathogènes chez les arbres forestiers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Auteur ; Benoît Marçais, Auteur ; Louis-Michel Nageleisen, Auteur ; Dominique Piou, Auteur ; Andrea Vannini, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 597 - 612 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dépérissement [Termes IGN] forêt [Termes IGN] maladie phytosanitaire [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] stress hydrique [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (Auteur) This review synthesizes the available knowledge on drought-disease interactions in forest trees with a focus on (1) evidence and patterns of drought-disease interactions, (2) current understanding of processes and mechanisms, and (3) three well documented cases studies. The first part is based on the analysis of a database of slightly more than one hundred studies, obtained by keyword searches combining drought, diseases or pathogens, and forest trees. A large majority of published studies referred to a positive association between drought and disease, i.e. disease favoured by drought or drought and disease acting synergistically on tree health status, with a predominance of canker/dieback diseases, caused by pathogens like Botryosphaeria, Sphaeropsis, Cytospora and Biscognauxia (Hypoxylon). The type of disease-related variables (incidence vs. severity) and the intensity and timing of water stress were shown to be significant factors affecting the drought- infection interaction. Interactions with other abiotic stresses and species-specific and genetic effects, related to host or pathogen, have also been reported. Direct effects of drought on pathogens are generally negative, although most fungal pathogens exhibit an important plasticity and can grow at water potentials well below the minimum for growth of their host plants. Studies on indirect effects of drought on pathogens through other community interactions are still relatively scarce. Positive drought-infection effects can mostly be explained by indirect effects of drought on host physiology. The predisposition and the multiple stress hypotheses are presented, as well as recent developments in the study of the molecular basis of abiotic and biotic stress, and their interactions. Sphaeropsis sapinea on pines, Biscognauxia mediterranea on oaks and root pathogens in declines associated with drought provide illustrative examples, treated as case studies, of pathogens of current significance associated with drought. The conclusion highlights some knowledge gaps, e.g. the role of latent parasites and the shift to a pathogenic stage, or the genetics of some fungal groups. The need for prevention of pathogen dispersal, especially crucial in the case of latent pathogens, is emphasized. Numéro de notice : A2006-667 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006040 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006040 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72724 [article]

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Effects of drought and heat on forest insect populations in relation to the 2003 drought in Western Europe / Gaëlle Rouault in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 613 - 624 Titre : Effects of drought and heat on forest insect populations in relation to the 2003 drought in Western Europe Titre original : Effet de la sécheresse et de la canicule de 2003 sur les populations d'insectes ravageurs forestiers en Europe centrale et occidentale Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Gaëlle Rouault, Auteur ; Jean-Noël Candau, Auteur ; François Lieutier, Auteur ; Louis-Michel Nageleisen, Auteur ; Jean-Claude Martin, Auteur ; Nathalie Warzée, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 613 - 624 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dynamique de la végétation [Termes IGN] Europe centrale [Termes IGN] Europe occidentale [Termes IGN] insecte nuisible [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] stress hydrique [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (Auteur) Although drought affects directly tree physiology and growth, the impact of secondary factors (insect pests, pathogens and fire) is often greater than the impact of the original stress and can lead to important tree mortality. In 2003, Western and Central Europe experienced a drought and heat waves that led to extensive forest damage. This paper reports on the impacts of drought and high temperatures on forest insect populations in the context of this exceptional event. Observations of changes in population levels of the main European forest insect pests during and after the drought are presented and discussed in the light of current knowledge and theories of interactions between drought and insects. We investigated the direct effects of drought on life history traits and indirect effects through physiological changes experienced by host trees. Forest pest insects were separated in 4 feeding guilds: woodborers, leaf-chewers, leaf-miners and leaf-suckers. The impact of water stress varied according to feeding guilds. Woodborers were positively influenced by prolonged water stress and the decline of host resistance. In contrast, defoliators profited better from the increased nitrogen in plant tissues linked to moderate or intermittent water stress. Field observations showed the importance of the soil water status in tree resistance against pest attacks. Thus, the 2003 drought confirmed observations from earlier droughts that, is case of bad choice of tree species in some plantations, site matching becomes a prominent and primary cause of the development of pest outbreaks. This exceptional drought may give us some indication of the impacts of extreme climatic events. However, observations of the performance at the individual level were not sufficient for predicting long-term insect population dynamics, which depends on complex interactions between biotic and abiotic factors. Numéro de notice : A2006-668 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006044 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006044 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72725 [article]

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Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought: a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences / Nathalie Bréda in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 625 - 644 Titre : Temperate forest trees and stands under severe drought: a review of ecophysiological responses, adaptation processes and long-term consequences Titre original : Arbres et peuplements forestiers tempérés soumis à sécheresse : une revue des réponses écophysiologiques, des processus d'adaptation et des conséquences à long terme Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Nathalie Bréda, Auteur ; Roland Huc, Auteur ; André Granier, Auteur ; Erwin Dreyer, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 625 - 644 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] bilan hydrique [Termes IGN] dépérissement [Termes IGN] forêt tempérée [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (Auteur) The extreme drought event that occurred in Western Europe during 2003 highlighted the need to understand the key processes that may allow trees and stands to overcome such severe water shortages. We therefore reviewed the current knowledge available about such processes. First, impact of drought on exchanges at soil-root and canopy-atmosphere interfaces are presented and illustrated with examples from water and CO2 flux measurements. The decline in transpiration and water uptake and in net carbon assimilation due to stomatal closure has been quantified and modelled. The resulting models were used to compute water balance at stand level basing on the 2003 climate in nine European forest sites from the CARBOEUROPE network. Estimates of soil water deficit were produced and provided a quantitative index of soil water shortage and therefore of the intensity of drought stress experienced by trees during summer 2003. In a second section, we review the irreversible damage that could be imposed on water transfer within trees and particularly within xylem. A special attention was paid to the inter-specific variability of these properties among a wide range of tree species. The inter-specific diversity of hydraulic and stomatal responses to soil water deficit is also discussed as it might reflect a large diversity in traits potentially related to drought tolerance. Finally, tree decline and mortality due to recurrent or extreme drought events are discussed on the basis of a literature review and recent decline studies. The potential involvement of hydraulic dysfunctions or of deficits in carbon storage as causes for the observed long term (several years) decline of tree growth and development and for the onset of tree dieback is discussed. As an example, the starch content in stem tissues recorded at the end of the 2003's summer was used to predict crown conditions of oak trees during the following spring: low starch contents were correlated with large twig and branch decline in the crown of trees. Numéro de notice : A2006-669 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006042 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006042 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72726 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

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Impact of summer drought on forest biodiversity: what do we know? / Frédéric Archaux in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 645 - 652 Titre : Impact of summer drought on forest biodiversity: what do we know? Titre original : Impact de la sécheresse estivale sur la biodiversité forestière : que savons-nous ? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Frédéric Archaux, Auteur ; Volkmar Wolters, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 645 - 652 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] biodiversité [Termes IGN] écologie forestière [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (Auteur) To date, very few studies have assessed the impact of summer droughts on forest biodiversity and ecosystem functioning. Decreased ecosystem productivity and increased mortality are general consequences of drought on biodiversity. Competitive species, species adapted to cold and wet conditions as well as species with low reproduction rates and/or limited mobility seem the more affected. However, species-specific effects are regulated by mechanisms allowing for resistance to drought. The short-term consequences of drought on biodiversity depend on species abilities to resist, and to recover after, drought, and on competitive interactions between species. Although the abundance of many species generally decreases during drought, some taxa may increase in number during drought or shortly after. The effects of recurrent droughts must be evaluated in the wider context of global climate and habitat change. Considering the predicted increase in drought frequency and intensity, interdisciplinary research initiatives on this issue are needed urgently. Numéro de notice : A2006-670 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006041 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006041 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72727 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

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IFN-001-P000644	PER	Revue	Nogent-sur-Vernisson	Archives périodiques	Exclu du prêt

The contribution of remote sensing to the assessment of drought effects in forest ecosystems / Michel Deshayes in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - pp 579 - 595 Titre : The contribution of remote sensing to the assessment of drought effects in forest ecosystems Titre original : Contribution de la télédétection à l'évaluation des effets de la sécheresse sur les écosystèmes forestiers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Michel Deshayes, Auteur ; Dominique Guyon, Auteur ; Hervé Jeanjean, Auteur ; Nicolas Stach , Auteur ; Anne Jolly, Auteur ; Olivier Hagolle, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 579 - 595 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] dommage forestier causé par facteurs naturels [Termes IGN] humidité du sol [Termes IGN] image optique [Termes IGN] image radar [Termes IGN] image satellite [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] stress hydrique [Termes IGN] surveillance forestière Résumé : (auteur) Due to their synoptic and monitoring capacities, Earth observation satellites could prove useful for the assessment and evaluation of drought effects in forest ecosystems. The objectives of this article are: to briefly review the existing sources of remote sensing data and their potential to detect drought damage; to review the remote sensing applications and studies carried out during the last two decades aiming at detecting and quantifying disturbances caused by various stress factors, and especially those causing effects similar to drought; to explore the possibility to use some of the different available systems for setting up a strategy more adapted to monitoring of drought effects in forests. Numéro de notice : A2006-672 Affiliation des auteurs : IFN+Ext (1958-2011) Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006045 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006045 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100141 [article]

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Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
IFN-001-P000644	PER	Revue	Nogent-sur-Vernisson	Archives périodiques	Exclu du prêt