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On the relation of GNSS phase center offsets and the terrestrial reference frame scale: a semi-analytical analysis / Oliver Montenbruck in Journal of geodesy, vol 96 n° 11 (November 2022)  

Public [article]  inJournal of geodesy > vol 96 n° 11 (November 2022) . - n° 90 Titre : On the relation of GNSS phase center offsets and the terrestrial reference frame scale: a semi-analytical analysis Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Oliver Montenbruck, Auteur ; Peter Steigenberger, Auteur ; Arturo Villiger, Auteur ; Paul Rebischung , Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 90 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] antenne GNSS [Termes IGN] centre de phase [Termes IGN] décalage d'horloge [Termes IGN] hauteur (coordonnée) [Termes IGN] International Terrestrial Reference Frame [Termes IGN] orbitographie [Termes IGN] phase [Termes IGN] positionnement par GNSS [Termes IGN] retard troposphérique zénithal [Termes IGN] station GNSS Résumé : (auteur) Phase center offsets (PCOs) of global navigation satellites systems (GNSS) transmit antennas along the boresight axis introduce line-of-sight-dependent range changes in the modeling of GNSS observations that are strongly correlated with the estimated station heights. As a consequence, changes in the adopted PCOs impact the scale of GNSS-based realizations of the terrestrial reference frame (TRF). Vice versa, changes in the adopted TRF scale require corrections to the GNSS transmit antenna PCOs for consistent observation modeling. Early studies have determined an approximate value of α=−0.050 for the ratio of station height changes and satellite PCO changes in GPS orbit determination and phase center adjustment. However, this is mainly an empirical value and limited information is available on the actual PCO-scale relation and how it is influenced by other factors. In view of the recurring need to adjust the IGS antenna models to new ITRF scales, a semi-analytical model is developed to determine values of α for the four current GNSSs from first principles without a need for actual network data processing. Given the close coupling of satellite boresight angle and station zenith angle, satellite PCO changes are essentially compensated by a combination of station height, zenith troposphere delay, and receiver clock offset. As such, the value of α depends not only on the orbital altitude of the considered GNSS but also on the elevation-dependent distribution of GNSS observations and their weighting, as well as the elevation mask angle and the tropospheric mapping function. Based on the model, representative values of αGPS=−0.051, αGLO=−0.055, αGAL=−0.041, and αBDS-3=−0.046 are derived for GPS, GLONASS, Galileo, and BeiDou-3 at a 10∘ elevation cutoff angle. These values may vary by Δα≈0.003 depending on the specific model assumptions and data processing parameters in a precise orbit determination or precise point positioning. Likewise changes of about ±0.003 can be observed when varying the cutoff angle between 5∘ and 15∘. Numéro de notice : A2022-836 Affiliation des auteurs : UMR IPGP-Géod+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-022-01678-x Date de publication en ligne : 09/11/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-022-01678-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102033 [article]

Effect of PCV and attitude on the precise orbit determination of Jason-3 satellite / Kai Li in Journal of applied geodesy, vol 16 n° 2 (April 2022)  

Public [article]  inJournal of applied geodesy > vol 16 n° 2 (April 2022) . - pp 143 - 150 Titre : Effect of PCV and attitude on the precise orbit determination of Jason-3 satellite Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kai Li, Auteur ; Xuhua Zhou, Auteur ; Nannan Guo, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 143 - 150 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Techniques orbitales [Termes IGN] capteur d'orientation [Termes IGN] centre de phase [Termes IGN] données Jason [Termes IGN] orbite basse [Termes IGN] orbitographie [Termes IGN] perturbation orbitale Résumé : (auteur) Satellite attitude modes and antenna phase center variations have a great influence on the Precise Orbit Determination (POD) of Low Earth Orbit satellites (LEOs). Inaccurate information about spacecraft attitude, phase center offsets and variations in the POD leads to orbital error. The Jason-3 satellite experienced complex attitude modes which are fixed, sinusoidal, ramp-up/down and yaw-flip. Therefore, it is necessary to properly construct the attitude model in the process of POD especially when there is no external attitude data. For the antenna phase center correction, the PCO which is the deviation between Antenna Reference Point (ARP) and Mean Antenna Phase Center (MAPC) usually can be calibrated on the ground accurately, but the PCV which is the deviation between Instantaneous Antenna Phase Center (IAPC) and Mean Antenna Phase Center (MAPC) will change greatly with the change of space environment. Residual approach can be used to estimate the receiver PCV map. In this paper, we collected the on-board GPS data of Jason-3 satellite from January 2019 and analyzed the impacts of PCV and spacecraft attitude on the orbit accuracy by performing the reduced-dynamic POD. Compared with the reference orbit released by the Centre National d’Études Spatiales (CNES), using the PCV map can reduce the Root Mean Square (RMS) of orbit differences in the Radial (R), Along-track (T), Cross-track (N) and 3D direction about 0.3, 1.0, 0.9, and 1.4 mm. Based on the estimated PCV map, the orbit accuracy in R, T, N and 3D direction is 1.24, 2.81, 1.17, and 3.29 cm respectively by using the measured attitude data. When using the attitude model, the orbit accuracy in R, T, N and 3D directions is 1.60, 3.54, 1.33, and 4.13 cm, respectively. The results showed that the combination of measured attitude data and modeled PCV map can obtain the better orbit solution. It is essential to build a corresponding model in high-precision orbit determination, when there is no attitude data and PCV map. Numéro de notice : A2022-251 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.1515/jag-2021-0052 Date de publication en ligne : 26/01/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1515/jag-2021-0052 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100204 [article]

High accuracy terrestrial positioning based on time delay and carrier phase using wideband radio signals / Han Dun (2021)  

Public Titre : High accuracy terrestrial positioning based on time delay and carrier phase using wideband radio signals Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Han Dun, Auteur Editeur : Delft [Pays-Bas] : Delft University of Technology Année de publication : 2021 Format : 21 x 30 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-94-6384-258-7 Note générale : bibliographie Thèse présentée en vue de l'obtention du Doctorat de l'Université de Delft Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement du signal [Termes IGN] centre de phase [Termes IGN] correction du trajet multiple [Termes IGN] interruption du signal [Termes IGN] méthode du maximum de vraisemblance (estimation) [Termes IGN] phase [Termes IGN] précision du positionnement [Termes IGN] signal GNSS [Termes IGN] zone urbaine Index. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) Accurate position solutions are in high demand for many emerging applications. Global navigation satellite systems (GNSS), however, may not meet the required positioning performance, especially in urban environments, due to multipath and weak received power of the GNSS signal that can be easily blocked by surrounding objects. To achieve a high ranging precision and improve resolvability of unwanted reflections in urban areas, a large signal bandwidth is required. In this thesis, a terrestrial positioning system using a wideband radio signal is developed as a complement to the existing GNSS, which can provide a better ranging accuracy and higher received signal power, compared to GNSS. In the terrestrial positioning system presented in this thesis, a wideband ranging signal is implemented by means of a multiband orthogonal frequency division multiplexing (OFDM) signal. All transmitters are synchronized by time and frequency reference signals, which are optically distributed through the white-rabbit precision time protocol (WR-PTP). Like in GNSS, the to-be-positioned receiver is not synchronized to the transmitters. Positioning takes place through range measurements between a number of transmitters and the receiver. Time delay and carrier phase are to be estimated from the received radio signal, which propagated through a multipath channel. This estimation is done on the basis of the channel frequency response and using the maximum likelihood principle. To determine whether or not reflections need to be considered in the estimation model, a measure of dependence is introduced to evaluate the change of the precision (i.e., variance), and the measure of bias is introduced to assess the bias of the estimator when the reflection is not considered. Also, a methodology is proposed for sparsity-promoting ranging signal design in this thesis. Based on a multiband OFDM signal, ranging signal design comes to sparsely select as few signal bands as possible. Using fewer signal bands for ranging leads to less computational complexity in time delay and carrier phase estimation, while the ranging performance can still benefit from a large virtual signal bandwidth, which is defined by the entire bandwidth between the two signal bands at the spectral edges. It is proposed to use the Cramér-Rao lower bound (CRLB) of time delay estimation, the measure of dependence, and the measure of bias as constraints in ranging performance, and formulate an optimization problem to design a sparse multiband signal. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction 2- Multiband OFDM signal model 3- Time delay estimation 4- Carrier phase estimation 5- Signal design for positioning 6- Positioning models 7- Experimental results 8- Conclusions and recommendations Numéro de notice : 28694 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Thèse étrangère Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Mathematical Geodesy and Positioning : Delft : 2021 DOI : 10.4233/uuid:98a7f072-7423-4a23-ac9b-8b88540c260d En ligne : https://doi.org/10.4233/uuid:98a7f072-7423-4a23-ac9b-8b88540c260d Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100361

Reference system origin and scale realization within the future GNSS constellation “Kepler” / Susanne Glaser in Journal of geodesy, vol 94 n° 12 (December 2020)  

Public [article]  inJournal of geodesy > vol 94 n° 12 (December 2020) . - n° 117 Titre : Reference system origin and scale realization within the future GNSS constellation “Kepler” Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Susanne Glaser, Auteur ; Grzegorz Michalak, Auteur ; Benjamin Männel, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 117 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] centre de phase [Termes IGN] constellation Galileo [Termes IGN] constellation GNSS [Termes IGN] décorrélation [Termes IGN] géocentre [Termes IGN] International Terrestrial Reference Frame [Termes IGN] Kepler, Johannes [Termes IGN] orbite basse [Termes IGN] orbite terrestre [Termes IGN] orbitographie Résumé : (auteur) Currently, Global Navigation Satellite Systems (GNSS) do not contribute to the realization of origin and scale of combined global terrestrial reference frame (TRF) solutions due to present system design limitations. The future Galileo-like medium Earth orbit (MEO) constellation, called “Kepler”, proposed by the German Aerospace Center DLR, is characterized by a low Earth orbit (LEO) segment and the innovative key features of optical inter-satellite links (ISL) delivering highly precise range measurements and of optical frequency references enabling a perfect time synchronization within the complete constellation. In this study, the potential improvements of the Kepler constellation on the TRF origin and scale are assessed by simulations. The fully developed Kepler system allows significant improvements of the geocenter estimates (realized TRF origin in long-term). In particular, we find improvements by factors of 43 for the Z and of 8 for the X and Y component w. r. t. a contemporary MEO-only constellation. Furthermore, the Kepler constellation increases the reliability due to a complete de-correlation of the geocenter coordinates and the orbit parameters related to the solar radiation pressure modeling (SRP). However, biases in SRP modeling cause biased geocenter estimates and the ISL of Kepler can only partly compensate this effect. The realized scale enabling all Kepler features improves by 34% w. r. t. MEO-only. The dependency of the estimated satellite antenna phase center offsets (PCOs) upon the underlying TRF impedes a scale realization by GNSS. In order to realize the network scale with 1 mm accuracy, the PCOs have to be known within 2 cm for the MEO and 4 mm for the LEO satellites. Independently, the scale can be realized by estimating the MEO PCOs and by simultaneously fixing the LEO PCOs. This requires very accurate LEO PCOs; the simulations suggest them to be smaller than 1 mm in order to keep scale changes below 1 mm. Numéro de notice : A2020-736 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-020-01441-0 Date de publication en ligne : 19/11/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/1https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-020-01441-0 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96352 [article]

GNSS scale determination using calibrated receiver and Galileo satellite antenna patterns / Arturo Villiger in Journal of geodesy, vol 94 n° 9 (September 2020)  

Public [article]  inJournal of geodesy > vol 94 n° 9 (September 2020) . - n° 93 Titre : GNSS scale determination using calibrated receiver and Galileo satellite antenna patterns Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Arturo Villiger, Auteur ; Rolf Dach, Auteur ; Stefan Schaer, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 93 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes de référence et réseaux [Termes IGN] antenne Galileo [Termes IGN] centre de phase [Termes IGN] chambre anéchoïque [Termes IGN] étalonnage d'instrument [Termes IGN] International Terrestrial Reference Frame [Termes IGN] métadonnées [Termes IGN] positionnement par ITGB [Termes IGN] positionnement par télémétrie laser sur satellite [Termes IGN] réseau géodésique terrestre [Termes IGN] robot Résumé : (auteur) The reference frame of a global terrestrial network is defined by the origin, the orientation and the scale. The origin of the ITRF2014 is defined by the ILRS long-term solution, the orientation by no-net rotation conditions w.r.t. the previous reference frame (ITRF2008), and the scale by the mean values from global VLBI and SLR solution series (Altamimi et al. in J Geophys Res Solid Earth 121:6109–6131, 2016). With the release of the Galileo satellite antenna phase center offsets (PCO) w.r.t. the satellites center of mass (GSA in Galileo IOV and FOC satellite metadata, 2019) and the availability of new ground antenna calibrations for GNSS receivers, based on anechoic chamber measurements or on robot calibrations, GNSS global network solutions qualify to contribute to the scale determination of terrestrial networks, as well. Our analysis is based on global multi-GNSS solutions of the years 2017 and 2018 and may be seen as “proof of concept” for the contribution of GNSS data to the scale determination of the terrestrial reference frame. In a first step, the currently used Galileo PCO estimations (Steigenberger et al. in J Geod 90:773–785, 2016) are compared to the released PCO values, which show discrepancies on the decimeter-level. Eventually, the published Galileo PCOs are used in an experimental solution as known values. GNSS-specific PCOs are estimated, as well, for GPS and GLONASS, together with the “standard” parameters set up in global GNSS solutions. From the estimated network coordinates, a time series of daily scale parameters of the terrestrial network is extracted, which shows an offset of the order of 1 ppb (parts per billion, corresponding to a height difference of 6.4 mm on the Earth’s surface) w.r.t. to the ITRF2014 network and an annual variation with an amplitude of about 0.3 ppb. Numéro de notice : A2020-539 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-020-01417-0 Date de publication en ligne : 05/09/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-020-01417-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95739 [article]

Antenna phase center correction differences from robot and chamber calibrations: the case study LEIAR25 / Grzegorz Krzan in GPS solutions, vol 24 n° 2 (April 2020)  

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Absolute field calibration for multi-GNSS receiver antennas at ETH Zurich / Daniel Willi in GPS solutions, vol 24 n° 1 (January 2020)  

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Galileo and QZSS precise orbit and clock determination using new satellite metadata / Xingxing Li in Journal of geodesy, vol 93 n° 8 (August 2019)  

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Impact of GPS antenna phase center models on zenith wet delay and tropospheric gradients / Yohannes Getachew Ejigu in GPS solutions, vol 23 n° 1 (January 2019)  

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Validating and comparing GNSS antenna calibrations / Ulla Kallio in Journal of geodesy, vol 93 n° 1 (January 2019)  

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Estimation of antenna phase center offset for BDS IGSO and MEO satellites / Guanwen Huang in GPS solutions, vol 22 n° 2 (April 2018)  

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Periodic signals in a pseudo-kinematic GPS coordinate time series depending on the antenna phase centre model – TRM55971.00 TZGD antenna case study / Karol Dawidowicz in Survey review, vol 49 n° 355 (October 2017)  

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GPS code phase variations (CPV) for GNSS receiver antennas and their effect on geodetic parameters and ambiguity resolution / Tobias Kersten in Journal of geodesy, vol 91 n° 6 (June 2017)  

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Multivariate analysis of GPS position time series of JPL second reprocessing campaign / Ali Reza Amiri-Simkooei in Journal of geodesy, vol 91 n° 6 (June 2017)  

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DORIS Starec ground antenna characterization and impact on positioning / Cédric Tourain in Advances in space research, vol 58 n° 12 (15 December 2016)  

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