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Automatic identification of building types based on topographic databases – a comparison of different data sources / Robert Hecht in International journal of cartography, vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of cartography > vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015) . - pp 18 - 31 Titre : Automatic identification of building types based on topographic databases – a comparison of different data sources Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Robert Hecht, Auteur ; Gotthard Meinel, Auteur ; Manfred F. Buchroithner, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 18 - 31 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées [Termes IGN] apprentissage automatique [Termes IGN] base de données topographiques [Termes IGN] bâtiment [Termes IGN] classification par forêts d'arbres décisionnels [Termes IGN] emprise au sol [Termes IGN] généralisation cartographique automatisée [Termes IGN] identification automatique [Termes IGN] reconnaissance de formes Résumé : (auteur) Data, maps and services of the national mapping and cadastral agencies contain geometric information on buildings, particularly building footprints. However, building type information is often not included. In this paper, we propose a data-driven approach for automatic classification of building footprints that make use of pattern recognition and machine learning techniques. Using a Random Forest Classifier the suitability of five different data sources (e.g. topographic raster maps, cadastral databases or digital landscape models) is investigated with respect to the achieved accuracies. The results of this study show that building footprints obtained from topographic databases such as digital landscape models, cadastral databases or 3D city models can be classified with an accuracy of 90–95%. When classifying building footprints on the basis of topographic maps the accuracy is considerably lower (as of 76–88%). The automatic classification of building footprints provides an important contribution to the acquisition of new small-scale indicators on settlement structure, such as building density, floor space ratio or dwelling/population densities. In addition to its importance for urban research and planning, the results are also relevant for cartographic disciplines, such as map generalization, automated mapping and geovisualization. Numéro de notice : A2015-434 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/23729333.2015.1055644 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2015.1055644 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76883 [article]

Determination of definitive standard parallels of normal aspect conic projections equidistant along meridians on an old map / Martina Triplat Horvat in International journal of cartography, vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of cartography > vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015) . - pp 32 - 44 Titre : Determination of definitive standard parallels of normal aspect conic projections equidistant along meridians on an old map Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Martina Triplat Horvat, Auteur ; Miljenko Lapaine, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 32 - 44 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Projections [Termes IGN] carte ancienne [Termes IGN] parallèle [Termes IGN] projection conique [Termes IGN] projection équidistante Résumé : (auteur) In previous research we proved that meridians are straight lines and parallels are arcs of concentric circles on the map Nuova carta geografica dello Stato Ecclesiastico by J. R. Bošković and Ch. Maire, published in 1755. We also proved that the map was produced in a normal aspect conic projection equidistant along meridians. Knowing the map projection type is not enough. We need to know its parameters, too. In the first part of the paper, we described the procedure of determining standard parallels of the normal aspect conic projection equidistant along meridians. We proposed a procedure for determining projection parameters of an old map, especially its standard parallels, if the radius of the sphere in which the map was produced in is unknown. Constant C is introduced as a ratio of constant K and sphere radius R, both of which are unknown. The procedure is illustrated on the map Nuova carta  …  . Using the procedure, we obtained standard parallels φ1 = 41°50'N and φ2 = 44°30'N. In addition, we tested whether the obtained standard parallels are actually standard parallels in which the map was produced and determined the definitive standard parallels in which the map Nuova carta  …   has been produced. Numéro de notice : A2015-2574 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/23729333.2015.1055645 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2015.1055645 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76886 [article]

Creating geo-enabled hand-drawn maps: an experiment of user-generated mobile mapping / Min Lu in International journal of cartography, vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of cartography > vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015) . - pp 45 - 61 Titre : Creating geo-enabled hand-drawn maps: an experiment of user-generated mobile mapping Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Min Lu, Auteur ; Masatoshi Arikawa, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 45 - 61 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique web [Termes IGN] cadre conceptuel [Termes IGN] carte [Termes IGN] conception orientée utilisateur [Termes IGN] point d'intérêt [Termes IGN] prototype [Termes IGN] téléphone intelligent [Termes IGN] utilisateur Résumé : (auteur) The current user-generated content (UGC) in mobile location-based services (LBS) is mainly bound to geographic points and represented based on web mappings. The authors have proposed a Human-Centered Mobile Mapping framework to integrate smartphones’ positioning functions with various maps including hand-drawn maps. The framework is able to extend the current extent of UGC to include user-created maps, and to increase the diversity of maps in mobile environments. With the mobile application prototype Manpo, user experiments of creating geo-enabled hand-drawn maps have been conducted to college students who have little background knowledge of cartography. The results of the experiments have proved the functionality and usability of Manpo, but have also revealed that the users’ skills and experiences can strongly influence the quality of the content, especially the accuracy of positioning. Typical mistakes in map drawings and deployments of points of interest (POIs) are analyzed in details. The experiments have prompted improvements of the positioning methods, and raised future research issues including effective guidelines, user interfaces and assisted georeference editing for nonprofessional users. Numéro de notice : A2015-401 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/23729333.2015.1055110 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2015.1055110 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76887 [article]

Discriminating classes of sequential and qualitative colour schemes / Alžběta Brychtová in International journal of cartography, vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of cartography > vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015) . - pp 62 - 78 Titre : Discriminating classes of sequential and qualitative colour schemes Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Alžběta Brychtová, Auteur ; Arzu Çöltekin, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 62 - 78 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] carte choroplèthe [Termes IGN] carte polychrome [Termes IGN] convivialité [Termes IGN] couleur (rédaction cartographique) [Termes IGN] lecture de carte [Termes IGN] lisibilité perceptive [Termes IGN] oculométrie [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartologie Résumé : (auteur) We present an analysis of the influence of colour distance on the user experience with choropleth and chorochromatic maps. We systematically evaluated five sequential and five qualitative colour schemes in a two-stage user experiment. At first, we conducted an online study to obtain performance metrics accuracy and response time from a large, heterogeneous population. Following this, in a controlled lab study with eye-tracking, we re-examined the findings from the online study for a subset of experimental stimuli and further assessed the user experience through an analysis of their visual behaviour. In this process, along with accuracy and response time, eye-tracking metrics fixation frequency, fixation duration and scanpath speed as well as a gaze transition analysis were utilized. In both experiments, participants were asked to compare two areas with controlled colour distances between them, and decide whether these areas were of the same colour. Results suggest that we are able to discriminate narrower colour distances than commonly used in practice, however, not as narrow as suggested in previous literature. Numéro de notice : A2015-402 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/23729333.2015.1055643 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2015.1055643 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76888 [article]

Simulating and visualizing sidewalk accessibility for wayfinding of people with disabilities / Mohammadamin Tajgardoon in International journal of cartography, vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of cartography > vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015) . - pp 79 - 93 Titre : Simulating and visualizing sidewalk accessibility for wayfinding of people with disabilities Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mohammadamin Tajgardoon, Auteur ; Hassan A. Karimi, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 79 - 93 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] accessibilité [Termes IGN] calcul d'itinéraire [Termes IGN] carte de densité de clics [Termes IGN] handicap [Termes IGN] piéton [Termes IGN] simulation [Termes IGN] trottoir Résumé : (auteur) There are generally different and less wayfinding options for pedestrians than those for drivers. This makes developing models and tools that assist pedestrians in finding routes more challenging. The problem is even further exacerbated when specific routing requirements of people with disabilities are considered. While currently much research is focused on developing solutions for wayfinding of pedestrians, very few address the specific requirements of individuals with disabilities and none is focused on evaluation of the accessibility of built environments. In this paper, we propose a new approach in evaluating the accessibility of built environments for wayfinding of individuals with disabilities. The proposed approach involves simulation and visualization of the accessibility of sidewalk segments allowing urban planners, and other designers and engineers, to gain an understanding of how accessible built environments are and allowing individuals with disabilities to assess the accessibility of built environments with respect to their mobility needs. Simulations were conducted using a sidewalk network database which contains accessibility attributes based on the standards recommended by the Americans with Disabilities Act. To demonstrate the benefits of the proposed approach, a representative model was used to simulate scenarios for the wayfinding requirements at both community and individual levels. The results of the simulations are visualized in heat-maps. Numéro de notice : A2015-403 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/23729333.2015.1055646 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2015.1055646 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76889 [article]

Toponym recognition in custom-made map titles / Catherine Dominguès in International journal of cartography, vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of cartography > vol 1 n° 1 (August 2015) . - pp 109 - 120 Titre : Toponym recognition in custom-made map titles Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Catherine Dominguès , Auteur ; Iris Eshkol-Taravella, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 109 - 120 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] carte topographique [Termes IGN] corpus [Termes IGN] géobalise [Termes IGN] prise en compte du contexte [Termes IGN] répertoire toponymique [Termes IGN] toponyme [Termes IGN] traitement du langage naturel Mots-clés libres : toponym  subjective toponym  web corpus  natural language processing  gazetteer Résumé : (auteur) The titles of customized topographic maps constitute a specific corpus which is characterized by a very significant number of place names and spelling variations. This paper is about identifying toponyms in these titles. The toponym tracking is based on gazetteers as well as light parsing according to patterns. The method used broadens the definition of the toponym to include the nature of the corpus and the data in it. It consists of seven successive stages where both the extralinguistic context – in this case toponym georeferencing – and the linguistic context are taken into account. Mistakes in tagging are analyzed from the corpus characteristics and the results of each step tagging are evaluated (recall, precision, F-measure). Different conclusions can be suggested: (i) toponym recognition in web corpora should take into account spelling changes, (ii) toponym recognition cannot be limited to gazetteer proper nouns, (iii) the notion of subjective toponym is relevant in this specific corpus, and could be considered with reference to the customization of maps. Numéro de notice : A2015-404 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG COGIT+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/TOPONYMIE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/23729333.2015.1055935 Date de publication en ligne : 07/08/2015 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/23729333.2015.1055935 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76891 [article]