Centre de documentation
scientifique

Dépouillements

On the estimability of parameters in undifferenced, uncombined GNSS network and PPP-RTK user models by means of S-system theory / Dennis Odijk in Journal of geodesy, vol 90 n° 1 (January 2016)  

Public [article]  inJournal of geodesy > vol 90 n° 1 (January 2016) . - pp 15 - 44 Titre : On the estimability of parameters in undifferenced, uncombined GNSS network and PPP-RTK user models by means of S-system theory Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Dennis Odijk, Auteur ; Baocheng Zhang, Auteur ; Amir Khodabandeh, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 15 - 44 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Navigation et positionnement [Termes IGN] constellation GNSS [Termes IGN] positionnement cinématique en temps réel [Termes IGN] positionnement ponctuel précis [Termes IGN] temps réel [Termes IGN] utilisateur Résumé : (auteur) The concept of integer ambiguity resolution-enabled Precise Point Positioning (PPP-RTK) relies on appropriate network information for the parameters that are common between the single-receiver user that applies and the network that provides this information. Most of the current methods for PPP-RTK are based on forming the ionosphere-free combination using dual-frequency Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) observations. These methods are therefore restrictive in the light of the development of new multi-frequency GNSS constellations, as well as from the point of view that the PPP-RTK user requires ionospheric corrections to obtain integer ambiguity resolution results based on short observation time spans. The method for PPP-RTK that is presented in this article does not have above limitations as it is based on the undifferenced, uncombined GNSS observation equations, thereby keeping all parameters in the model. Working with the undifferenced observation equations implies that the models are rank-deficient; not all parameters are unbiasedly estimable, but only combinations of them. By application of S-system theory the model is made of full rank by constraining a minimum set of parameters, or S-basis. The choice of this S-basis determines the estimability and the interpretation of the parameters that are transmitted to the PPP-RTK users. As this choice is not unique, one has to be very careful when comparing network solutions in different S-systems; in that case the S-transformation, which is provided by the S-system method, should be used to make the comparison. Knowing the estimability and interpretation of the parameters estimated by the network is shown to be crucial for a correct interpretation of the estimable PPP-RTK user parameters, among others the essential ambiguity parameters, which have the integer property which is clearly following from the interpretation of satellite phase biases from the network. The flexibility of the S-system method is furthermore demonstrated by the fact that all models in this article are derived in multi-epoch mode, allowing to incorporate dynamic model constraints on all or subsets of parameters. Numéro de notice : A2016-022 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-015-0854-9 Date de publication en ligne : 05/11/2015 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-015-0854-9 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79465 [article]

Contribution of mass density heterogeneities to the quasigeoid-to-geoid separation / Robert Tenzer in Journal of geodesy, vol 90 n° 1 (January 2016)  

Public [article]  inJournal of geodesy > vol 90 n° 1 (January 2016) . - pp 65-80 Titre : Contribution of mass density heterogeneities to the quasigeoid-to-geoid separation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Robert Tenzer, Auteur ; Christian Hirt, Auteur ; Pavel Novák, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 65-80 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique [Termes IGN] anomalie de pesanteur [Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre [Termes IGN] harmonique sphérique [Termes IGN] masse de la Terre [Termes IGN] modèle de densité [Termes IGN] quasi-géoïde [Termes IGN] topographie Résumé : (auteur) The geoid-to-quasigeoid separation is often computed only approximately as a function of the simple planar Bouguer gravity anomaly and the height of the computation point while disregarding the contributions of terrain geometry and anomalous topographic density as well as the sub-geoid masses. In this study we demonstrate that these contributions are significant and, therefore, should be taken into consideration when investigating the relation between the normal and orthometric heights particularly in the mountainous, polar and geologically complex regions. These contributions are evaluated by applying the spectral expressions for gravimetric forward modelling and using the EIGEN-6C4 gravity model, the Earth2014 datasets of terrain, ice thickness and inland bathymetry and the CRUST1.0 sediment and (consolidated) crustal density data. Since the global crustal density models currently available (e.g. CRUST1.0) have a limited accuracy and resolution, the comparison of individual density contributions is—for consistency—realized with a limited spectral resolution up to a spherical harmonic degree 360 (or 180). The results reveal that the topographic contribution globally varies between −0.33 and 0.57 m, with maxima in Himalaya and Tibet. The contribution of ice considerably modifies the geoid-to-quasigeoid separation over large parts of Antarctica and Greenland, where it reaches ∼0.2 m. The contributions of sediments and bedrock are less pronounced, with the values typically varying only within a few centimetres. These results, however, have still possibly large uncertainties due to the lack of information on the actual sediment and bedrock density. The contribution of lakes is mostly negligible; its maxima over the Laurentian Great Lakes and the Baikal Lake reach only several millimetres. The contribution of the sub-geoid masses is significant. It is everywhere negative and reaches extreme values of −4.43 m. According to our estimates, the geoid-to-quasigeoid separation globally varies within −4.19 and 0.26 m while the corresponding values computed according to a classical definition are only negative and reach extreme values of −3.5 m. A comparison of these results reveals that inaccuracies caused by disregarding the terrain geometry and mass density heterogeneities distributed within the topography and below the geoid surface can reach ±2 m or more in the mountainous regions. Numéro de notice : A2016-019 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-015-0858-5 Date de publication en ligne : 01/10/2015 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-015-0858-5 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79466 [article]

Observed changes in the Earth’s dynamic oblateness from GRACE data and geophysical models / Y. Sun in Journal of geodesy, vol 90 n° 1 (January 2016)  

Public [article]  inJournal of geodesy > vol 90 n° 1 (January 2016) . - pp 81 - 89 Titre : Observed changes in the Earth’s dynamic oblateness from GRACE data and geophysical models Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Y. Sun, Auteur ; Pavel Ditmar, Auteur ; Riccardo Riva, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 81 - 89 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique [Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre [Termes IGN] données GRACE [Termes IGN] données laser [Termes IGN] données TLS (télémétrie) [Termes IGN] incertitude des données [Termes IGN] masse d'eau [Termes IGN] rebond post-glaciaire Résumé : (auteur) A new methodology is proposed to estimate changes in the Earth’s dynamic oblateness (ΔJ2 or equivalently, −5√ΔC20) on a monthly basis. The algorithm uses monthly Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) gravity solutions, an ocean bottom pressure model and a glacial isostatic adjustment (GIA) model. The resulting time series agree remarkably well with a solution based on satellite laser ranging (SLR) data. Seasonal variations of the obtained time series show little sensitivity to the choice of GRACE solutions. Reducing signal leakage in coastal areas when dealing with GRACE data and accounting for self-attraction and loading effects when dealing with water redistribution in the ocean is crucial in achieving close agreement with the SLR-based solution in terms of de-trended solutions. The obtained trend estimates, on the other hand, may be less accurate due to their dependence on the GIA models, which still carry large uncertainties. Numéro de notice : A2016-020 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-015-0852-y En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-015-0852-y Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79467 [article]

Optimized strategy for the calibration of superconducting gravimeters at the one per mille level / Michel Van Camp in Journal of geodesy, vol 90 n° 1 (January 2016)  

Public [article]  inJournal of geodesy > vol 90 n° 1 (January 2016) . - pp 91- 99 Titre : Optimized strategy for the calibration of superconducting gravimeters at the one per mille level Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Michel Van Camp, Auteur ; Bruno Meurers, Auteur ; Olivier de Viron, Auteur ; Thomas Forbriger, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 91- 99 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique [Termes IGN] étalonnage d'instrument [Termes IGN] gravimètre absolu [Termes IGN] gravimètre supraconducteur [Termes IGN] marée terrestre Résumé : (auteur) This paper reports on different sources of errors that occur in the calibration process of a superconducting gravimeter (SG), determined by comparison with a ballistic absolute gravimeter (AG); some of them have never been discussed in the literature. We then provide methods to mitigate the impact of those errors, to achieve a robust calibration estimate at the http://static-content.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00190-015-0856-7/MediaObjects/190_2015_856_IEq1_HTML.gif level. We demonstrate that a standard deviation at the level of http://static-content.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00190-015-0856-7/MediaObjects/190_2015_856_IEq2_HTML.gif can be reached within 48 h by measuring at spring tides and by increasing the AG sampling rate. This is much shorter than what is classically reported in previous empirical studies. Measuring more than 5 days around a tidal extreme does not improve the precision in the calibration factor significantly, as the variation in the error as a function of 1/N−−√ does not apply, considering the decrease in signal amplitude due to the tidal modulation. However, we investigate the precision improvement up to 120 days, which can be useful if an AG is run continuously: at mid-latitude it would require 21 days to ensure a calibration factor at the http://static-content.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00190-015-0856-7/MediaObjects/190_2015_856_IEq4_HTML.gif level with a 99.7 % confidence interval. We also show that restricting the AG measurement periods to tidal extrema can reduce instrument demand, while this does not affect the precision on the calibration factor significantly. Then, we quantify the effect of high microseismic noise causing aliasing in the AG time series. We eventually discuss the attenuation bias that might be induced by noisy time series of the SG. When experiments are performed at the http://static-content.springer.com/image/art%3A10.1007%2Fs00190-015-0856-7/MediaObjects/190_2015_856_IEq5_HTML.gif level, 7 are needed to ensure that the error in the calibration estimate will be at the 1 per mille level with a 99 % confidence. Numéro de notice : A2016-021 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-015-0856-7 Date de publication en ligne : 25/09/2015 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-015-0856-7 Format de la ressource électronique : Url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=79469 [article]