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Auteur Frédéric Cantat
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Titre : Geodata and Tools for Education and Research : Workshop report, AGILE Pre-Conference Workshop June 14th 2022 -Vilnius, Lithuania Type de document : Actes de congrès Auteurs : Bénédicte Bucher , Auteur ; Frédéric Cantat
Editeur : Dublin : European Spatial Data Research EuroSDR Année de publication : 2022 Conférence : AGILE 2022, Pre-Conference Workshop 14/06/2022 Vilnius Lituanie Importance : 15 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique
[Termes IGN] données localisées
[Termes IGN] formationRésumé : (auteur) Geographical data and analyses are a useful asset in several domains of education and research including geography, history, urbanism or environmental science, amongst others, from primary school to higher education and life-long learning. In the specific context of Europe, as more and more data (including geographic data) becomes open for all, it is crucial to ensure these users have the capacity to make the most of the wealth of this data.
Reciprocally, from the perspective of data providers, education and research are particularly important application domains. They have the ability to link knowledge (production or dissemination) with data and adopt critical perspectives on this data.
In this context, a half-day workshop was organised by EuroSDR during the 2022 conference of the Association of Geographical Information Laboratories in Europe (AGILE). It focussed on current experiences developed by EuroSDR members, mainly at national mapping agencies, as well as proposals stemming from AGILE research communities, to share experiences and visions on this topic. It also targeted possible synergies to interconnect existing approaches, usually national, and achieve crossnational solutions, in Europe and beyond.Numéro de notice : 17756 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Actes DOI : sans En ligne : http://www.eurosdr.net/sites/default/files/uploaded_files/ws-report_geodatatools [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=103187
Titre : Mapping places for digital natives and other generations Type de document : Actes de congrès Auteurs : Bénédicte Bucher Editeur : Dublin : European Spatial Data Research EuroSDR Année de publication : 2018 Collection : EuroSDR Workshop report Conférence : EuroSDR 2018, seminar Mapping Places for Digital Natives and other generations 19/01/2018 19/01/2018 Paris France Importance : 16 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] carte numérique
[Termes IGN] conception cartographique
[Termes IGN] dessin cartographique
[Termes IGN] diffusion de l'information
[Termes IGN] document numérique
[Termes IGN] données numériques
[Termes IGN] jeu en ligne
[Termes IGN] organisme cartographique national
[Termes IGN] pédagogie
[Termes IGN] sondage statistique
[Termes IGN] utilisateur civil
[Termes IGN] visualisation cartographique
[Vedettes matières IGN] GéovisualisationRésumé : (auteur) [introduction] Digital technologies impact our tasks and concerns related to the earth we inhabit, to places. They have also modified, across several generations, our capacities related to information management. In this context, a working seminar was organized by EuroSDR to explore what can be said, from national mapping agencies practices and from some literature, about the expectations of the new generations, the digital natives and the next ones, regarding maps of places: what maps do they need at all and how can these maps be produced. For centuries, national mapping bodies have been missioned to define, produce and maintain, at the best cost, a precious common good for societies: shared abstractions of physical geography. Several abstractions are needed depending on users (human, machine) and on usages (communication, inventory, analysis). These are typically topographic maps, topographic databases, height models, gazetteers, land use land cover data, 3D models Maps are used for visual reasoning to have an awareness of a territory beyond their mere perception, whereas databases are used to feed programs. This information support individual tasks, e.g. discovering what does a neighbor look like, but also collective tasks, – e.g. : to convince peers that there is no correlation between a urban tissue evolution and a regulation, to make commitments to funders and electors about the improvement of green space in a region, to participate to e-democracy debates related to a new building-. National map makers do not simply measure and draw what they see, they make different choices throughout a complex abstraction process to provide a representation homogeneous enough to be tractable –to be used by machines or to feed visual reasoning- and expressive enough to be faithful to the specificities of surveyed landscape. These languages differ across nations, even within Europe, dure to difference in physical space but also in cultures (Kent 2008)(Kent 2009)(Robinson et al. 1995)(Bucher et al. 2010). Users have to learn these languages, to read without too much effort a topographic map. For a long time in many countries, most citizens got to learn to decode a national topographic map from their national mapping agency during their outdoor leisure or during military duty and hence to learn the national topographic language. This has changed for many reasons: the usage of new technologies to fulfil tasks that required map reading some years ago, but also what (Edsall 2007) refers to as “globalization and cartographic design”. This working seminar gathered 9 participants coming from France, Switzerland, Greece and Germany and with different backgrounds: practitioners at national mapping agencies or scientists with different backgrounds (geomatics, digital humanities, information science). The first part of this report exposes practical experiences of the French and Swiss national mapping agencies with digital natives. The second part presents perspectives brought by academics. The last part is a summary of discussions and a set of suggestions for future work. Numéro de notice : 25114 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG COGIT+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Actes nature-HAL : DirectOuvrColl/Actes DOI : sans En ligne : http://www.eurosdr.net/publications/workshop-report-mapping-places-digital-nativ [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93147
Titre : Assessing the economic value of 3D geo-information Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : Andrew Coote, Auteur ; Phil Knight, Auteur ; Tina Svan Colding, Auteur ; et al., Auteur ; Frédéric Cantat Editeur : Dublin : European Spatial Data Research EuroSDR Année de publication : 01/11/2017 Collection : EuroSDR official publication, ISSN 0257-0505 num. 68 Importance : 127 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Information géographique
[Termes IGN] analyse coût-avantage
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] valeur économiqueIndex. décimale : 37.00 Géomatique - information géographique - infrastructure de données Résumé : (auteur) The use of 3D geo-information has rapidly developed in recent years. Technological advances have driven this evolution and reduced the costs involved in the procurement and processing of 3D geo - information. Consequently, National Mapping Agencies (NMA’s) are actively seeking to transform their data operations and processes to produce such enhanced products. However, budgetary constraints in the public sector necessitate a rigorous assessment of costs and benefits before opportunities can be developed. This report is the culmination of a EuroSDR project that undertook a business case analysis over 12 months in collaboration with 11 European national and regional mapping agencies.
The analysis undertaken was structured around use cases (in order to examine the value derived within specific business contexts) and employed two methodologies: (i) value chain analysis and (ii) cost - benefit analysis to identify the quantification of value add identified by value chain analysis and the assessment of costs.
Value chain analysis identifies the connections between the supply and demand sides of a product or service and qualitatively identifies the value that is added throughout the chain of processes from source to end-user. Cost - benefit analysis facilitates an estimation of Return on Investment (RoI) by quantifying the costs and quantifiable benefits that arise from an investment over a defined period of time.
The project’s stakeholders initially selected six use cases for study: forestry management, flood management, 3D cadastre and valuation, resilience (civil contingency), asset management and urban planning. Over the course of six different workshops value chain analysis was applied to each of these use cases. Out of this process, two use cases were then selected for quantification using cost-benefit analysis: flood management due to the ubiquity of the challenge and its high political profile, and urban planning as 3D geo - information has a significant potential to contribute to the problems of managing urban growth. The process ended with the findings and outcomes being shared and consolidated at a workshop attended by delegates from each stakeholder.
Urban planning cost-benefit analysis - the costs are based on real - world cost estimates from Denmark, scaled up for the Republic of Ireland using the comparative land areas. The benefits are based on the following examples of financial impacts (for urban areas only):
• Local Area Plan (LAP) revision and the impact on the planning authority • Visual impact assessment and the reduced costs for developers
• Reduced time for citizens to make LAP submissions and major scheme objections
• General improvements to public sector efficiency.
Based on a 10 year project life cycle and discount rate of 4%, the results indicate a benefit to cost ratio of 2.1:1 and Net Present Value of € 22 million.
Flood management cost-benefit analysis - the same financial model as was applied to the urban planning case was also used for flood management. However, three approaches were taken to “triangulate” the assessment and to illustrate the use of different methodologies:
Cost Avoidance (Option 1) - this estimates the damages and losses that could have been avoided had 3D geo - information been used rather than the information used currently. The avoided damages are then interpreted as the benefits of using 3D geo - information. It has the advantage of requiring only limited inputs and is based on data available from Switzerland: (i) historical information on the loss and damage from previous events and (ii) interviews 8 with experts to indicate the positive effects of a high accuracy DTM. This resulted in a benefit to cost ratio of 3.3:1 and Net Present Value (after 10 years) of € 8.9 million.
Case Study (Option 2) - this uses case study evidence from the Netherlands on public sector benefits from data sharing and the reduced costs of: (i) land survey work, (ii) failures resulting from earlier detection of design errors and (iii) environmental impact assessment s. This assessment gives a benefit to cost ratio of 3.2:1 and Net Present Value (after 10 years) of € 8.6 million.
Benefits Transfer (Option 3) - this uses information from a comparable study undertaken for USGS study entitled, ‘National Enhanced Elevation Assessment’ [Dewberry 2012]. Belgium has been used to illustrate this approach, although results for other countries involved in the study can also be automatically calculated within the financial model. This assessment method gives a benefit to cost ratio of 5.3:1 and Net Present Value (after 10 years) of € 27 million. The higher return calculated by this approach can be explained as Belgium would be unlikely to achieve the economies of scale of data capture costs in the US. A benefit to cost ratio “write down” of 50% would bring it into line with the returns predicted by the other two approaches.
The cost-benefit analysis demonstrated in both of the selected use cases that benefits outstrip costs by a multiple of between two and three times even when considering each use cases in isolation. As further applications of 3D geo–information are added, additional costs should rise more slowly, whilst benefits should accrue at a similar rate, thereby enhancing the overall rate of return. Investment proposals with the type of return profile found in this study would be expected to be positively received, provided the funds were available from public sources.
Further work using this methodology could usefully be considered in relation to the following use cases:
3D Cadastre and Valuation – in the consultant’s view this represents the best opportunity to complete cost - benefit analysis for one of the remaining use cases for which value chain mapping was undertaken. The timing of ground - breaking work in Denmark may mean that access to their internal economic assessment might now be publicly released making this a relatively quick and easy extension of the study into a potentially very financially attractive application.
Asset management – this should be approached by the creation of value chains for significant subsets of this large and complex use case, particularly transport asset management and streetworks. The recent study in Queensland may provide an opportunity for a cost - effective benefits transfer process to be applied.Note de contenu : 1 INTRODUCTION
2 ECONOMIC CONCEPTS
2.1 The Value of Information
2.2 Methodologies used to assess the value of 3D geo-information in this project
3 APPROACH
3.1 Stages
3.2 Peer Review
3.3 Skill Transfers
4 VALUE CHAIN ANALYSIS RESULTS
4.1 Forest Management
4.2 Flood Management
4.3 3D Cadastre and Valuation
4.4 Resilience (civil contingency)
4.5 Asset Management
4.6 Urban Planning
5 COST-BENEFIT ANALYSIS RESULTS
5.1 Selected Use Cases for Cost-Benefit Analysis
5.2 Urban Planning
5.3 Flood Management
6 CONCLUSIONNuméro de notice : 17508 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Rapport nature-HAL : RappRech DOI : sans En ligne : http://www.eurosdr.net/sites/default/files/uploaded_files/pub68_economicvalue-3d [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=90443 Documents numériques
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