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Non-stationary extreme value analysis of ground snow loads in the French Alps: a comparison with building standards / Erwann Le Roux in Natural Hazards and Earth System Sciences, vol 20 n° 11 (November 2020)  

Public [article]  inNatural Hazards and Earth System Sciences > vol 20 n° 11 (November 2020) . - pp 2961 – 2977 Titre : Non-stationary extreme value analysis of ground snow loads in the French Alps: a comparison with building standards Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Erwann Le Roux, Auteur ; Guillaume Evin, Auteur ; Nicolas Eckert, Auteur ; Juliette Blanchet, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 2961 – 2977 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de télédétection [Termes IGN] Alpes (France) [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] construction [Termes IGN] épaisseur [Termes IGN] estimation des charges [Termes IGN] manteau neigeux [Termes IGN] norme [Termes IGN] sécurité [Termes IGN] série temporelle [Termes IGN] toit [Termes IGN] valeur limite Mots-clés libres : Ground snow load  surcharge de neige Résumé : (auteur) In a context of climate change, trends in extreme snow loads need to be determined to minimize the risk of structure collapse. We study trends in 50-year return levels of ground snow load (GSL) using non-stationary extreme value models. These trends are assessed at a mountain massif scale from GSL data, provided for the French Alps from 1959 to 2019 by a meteorological reanalysis and a snowpack model. Our results indicate a temporal decrease in 50-year return levels from 900 to 4200 m, significant in the northwest of the French Alps up to 2100 m. We detect the most important decrease at 900 m with an average of −30 % for return levels between 1960 and 2010. Despite these decreases, in 2019 return levels still exceed return levels designed for French building standards under a stationary assumption. At worst (i.e. at 1800 m), return levels exceed standards by 15 % on average, and half of the massifs exceed standards. We believe that these exceedances are due to questionable assumptions concerning the computation of standards. For example, these were devised with GSL, estimated from snow depth maxima and constant snow density set to 150 kg m−3, which underestimate typical GSL values for the snowpack. Numéro de notice : A2020-713 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.5194/nhess-20-2961-2020 Date de publication en ligne : 06/11/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.5194/nhess-20-2961-2020 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96279 [article]

Introduction to partial differential equations / Peter J. Olver (2014)  

Public Titre : Introduction to partial differential equations Type de document : Guide/Manuel Auteurs : Peter J. Olver, Auteur Editeur : Springer International Publishing Année de publication : 2014 Importance : 636 p. Format : 18 x 26 cm ISBN/ISSN/EAN : 978-3-319-02099-0 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Analyse mathématique [Termes IGN] équation de Laplace [Termes IGN] équation de Poisson [Termes IGN] équation différentielle [Termes IGN] équation linéaire [Termes IGN] équation non linéaire [Termes IGN] équation polynomiale [Termes IGN] fonction de Green [Termes IGN] principe de Huygens [Termes IGN] transformation de Fourier [Termes IGN] valeur limite Résumé : (auteur) This textbook is designed for a one year course covering the fundamentals of partial differential equations, geared towards advanced undergraduates and beginning graduate students in mathematics, science, engineering, and elsewhere. The exposition carefully balances solution techniques, mathematical rigor, and significant applications, all illustrated by numerous examples. Extensive exercise sets appear at the end of almost every subsection, and include straightforward computational problems to develop and reinforce new techniques and results, details on theoretical developments and proofs, challenging projects both computational and conceptual, and supplementary material that motivates the student to delve further into the subject. No previous experience with the subject of partial differential equations or Fourier theory is assumed, the main prerequisites being undergraduate calculus, both one- and multi-variable, ordinary differential equations, and basic linear algebra. While the classical topics of separation of variables, Fourier analysis, boundary value problems, Green's functions, and special functions continue to form the core of an introductory course, the inclusion of nonlinear equations, shock wave dynamics, symmetry and similarity, the Maximum Principle, financial models, dispersion and solitons, Huygens' Principle, quantum mechanical systems, and more make this text well attuned to recent developments and trends in this active field of contemporary research. Numerical approximation schemes are an important component of any introductory course, and the text covers the two most basic approaches: finite differences and finite elements. Note de contenu : 1- What Are Partial Differential Equations? 2- Linear and Nonlinear Waves 3- Fourier Series 4- Separation of Variables 5- Finite Differences 6- Generalized Functions and Green’s Functions 7- Fourier Transforms 8- Linear and Nonlinear Evolution Equations 9- A General Framework for Linear Partial Differential Equations 10- Finite Elements and Weak Solutions 11- Dynamics of Planar Media 12- Partial Differential Equations in Space Numéro de notice : 25874 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : MATHEMATIQUE Nature : Manuel DOI : 10.1007/978-3-319-02099-0 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-02099-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95568

Classical globally reflected gravity field determination in modern locally oriented multiscale framework / W. Freeden in Journal of geodesy, vol 83 n° 12 (December 2009)  

Public [article]  inJournal of geodesy > vol 83 n° 12 (December 2009) . - pp 1171 - 1191 Titre : Classical globally reflected gravity field determination in modern locally oriented multiscale framework Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : W. Freeden, Auteur ; T. Fehlinger, Auteur ; M. Klug, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp 1171 - 1191 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique [Termes IGN] anomalie de pesanteur [Termes IGN] approximation [Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre [Termes IGN] déviation de la verticale [Termes IGN] Hawaii (Etats-Unis) [Termes IGN] Islande [Termes IGN] transformation en ondelettes [Termes IGN] valeur limite Résumé : (Auteur) The purpose of this paper is the canonical connection of classical global gravity field determination following the concept of Stokes (Trans Camb Philos Soc 8:672–712, 1849), Bruns (Die Figur der Erde, Publikation Königl. Preussisch. Geodätisches Institut, P. Stankiewicz Buchdruckerei, Berlin, 1878), and Neumann (Vorlesungen über die Theorie des Potentials und der Kugelfunktionen. Teubner, Leipzig, pp 135–154, 1887) on the one hand and modern locally oriented multiscale computation by use of adaptive locally supported wavelets on the other hand. The essential tools are regularization methods of the Green, Neumann, and Stokes integral representations. The multiscale approximation is guaranteed simply as linear difference scheme by use of Green, Neumann, and Stokes wavelets. As an application, gravity anomalies caused by plumes are investigated for the Hawaiian and Iceland areas. Copyright Springer Numéro de notice : A2009-477 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-009-0335-0 Date de publication en ligne : 18/08/2009 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-009-0335-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30106 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
266-09111	SL	Revue	Centre de documentation	Revues en salle	Disponible

Singularity free formulations of the geodetic boundary value problem in gravity-space / G. Austen in Journal of geodesy, vol 83 n° 7 (July 2009)  

Public [article]  inJournal of geodesy > vol 83 n° 7 (July 2009) . - pp 645 - 657 Titre : Singularity free formulations of the geodetic boundary value problem in gravity-space Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : G. Austen, Auteur ; W. Keller, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp 645 - 657 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique [Termes IGN] équation différentielle [Termes IGN] équation non linéaire [Termes IGN] force de gravitation [Termes IGN] problème des valeurs limites [Termes IGN] simulation numérique [Termes IGN] valeur limite Résumé : (Auteur) The idea of transforming the geodetic boundary value problem into a boundary value problem with a fixed boundary dates back to the 1970s of the last century. This transformation was found by F. Sanso and was named as gravity-space transformation. Unfortunately, the advantage of having a fixed boundary for the transformed problem was counterbalanced by the theoretical as well as practical disadvantage of a singularity at the origin. In the present paper two more versions of a gravity-space transformation are investigated, where none of them has a singularity. In both cases the transformed differential equations are nonlinear. Therefore, a special emphasis is laid on the linearized problems and their relationships to the simple Hotine-problem and to the symmetries between both formulations. Finally, in numerical simulation study the accuracy of the solutions of both linearized problems is studied and factors limiting this accuracy are identified. Copyright Springer Numéro de notice : A2009-304 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1007/s00190-008-0278-x En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s00190-008-0278-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29934 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
266-09061	SL	Revue	Centre de documentation	Revues en salle	Disponible