Descripteur
Documents disponibles dans cette catégorie (9)
Ajouter le résultat dans votre panier
Visionner les documents numériques
Affiner la recherche Interroger des sources externesEtendre la recherche sur niveau(x) vers le bas
Joint inversion of GPS and high-resolution GRACE gravity data for the 2012 Wharton basin earthquakes / Michel Diament in Journal of geodynamics, vol 136 (May 2020)
Titre : Joint inversion of GPS and high-resolution GRACE gravity data for the 2012 Wharton basin earthquakes Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Michel Diament Année de publication : 2020 Projets : TOSCA / Article en page(s) : n° 101722 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] coordonnées GPS
[Termes IGN] déformation de la croute terrestre
[Termes IGN] données GRACE
[Termes IGN] élasticité
[Termes IGN] Indien (océan)
[Termes IGN] séisme
[Termes IGN] viscositéRésumé : (auteur) The Wharton basin is situated in the north-eastern part of the Indian Ocean. In 2012 it hosted the largest intraplate strike-slip earthquakes ever recorded by geophysical networks. The Mw 8.6 earthquake of April 11, 2012, was preceded by a major foreshock (Mw 7.2) on January 10 and was followed two hours afterward by a Mw 8.2 event. These three large events occurred at the diffuse boundary between the Indian and Australian plates and were almost pure strike-slips on sub-vertical rupture surfaces. Using GRACE data, we first extracted the coseismic and postseismic gravity signals caused by these earthquakes. Then we fitted both GPS and the highest available spatial resolution of GRACE data using the geometry of the fault system suggested by Hill et al. (2015). We propose a regularization, which allows to solve for a linear problem in order to invert GPS and GRACE data under constraints on the rake angle. Our inversion yields a uniform displacement field on all elements of a given fault plane. Our solution shows that even the main displacement occurred on WNW trending faults, comparable displacement also occurred on a rupture striking NNE. Hence, we show that the deformation in this diffuse plate boundary region in 2012 was accommodated by displacements along both fault-systems. A viscoelastic relaxation of the asthenosphere with a Maxwell viscosity 1019 Pa∙s successfully explains the postseismic displacements at GPS sites and postseismic gravity signals. The limited postseismic aftershock activity suggests small postseismic slip in the area of the 2012 Wharton earthquakes contrary to what is often observed after large subduction event. Because a part of the observed signal could be related to afterslip, our obtained Maxwell viscosity value should be considered as a lower limit of the asthenospheric viscosity below the Wharton basin. Numéro de notice : A2020-876 Affiliation des auteurs : UMR IPGP-Géod+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.jog.2020.101722 Date de publication en ligne : 20/03/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jog.2020.101722 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99670
in Journal of geodynamics > vol 136 (May 2020) . - n° 101722[article]
Titre : Constraints on transient viscoelastic rheology of the asthenosphere from seasonal deformation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Kristel Chanard Année de publication : 2018 Projets : 3-projet - voir note / Article en page(s) : pp 2328 - 2338 Note générale : bibliographie
This work was partially supported by NSF grant EAR-1345136, the Laboratorie de Recherche Commun “Yves Rocard” (ENS-CEA-CNRS), and CNRS/TOSCA grant 2925.Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] déformation de la croute terrestre
[Termes IGN] données GNSS
[Termes IGN] données GRACE
[Termes IGN] fonction de Green
[Termes IGN] rhéologie
[Termes IGN] viscositéRésumé : (auteur) We discuss the constraints on short‐term asthenospheric viscosity provided by seasonal deformation of the Earth. We use data from 195 globally distributed continuous Global Navigation Satellite System stations. Surface loading is derived from the Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment and used as an input to predict geodetic displacements. We compute Green's functions for surface displacements for a purely elastic spherical reference Earth model and for viscoelastic Earth models. We show that a range of transient viscoelastic rheologies derived to explain the early phase of postseismic deformation may induce a detectable effect on the phase and amplitude of horizontal displacements induced by seasonal loading at long wavelengths (1,300–4,000 km). By comparing predicted and observed seasonal horizontal motion, we conclude that transient asthenospheric viscosity cannot be lower than 5 × 1017 Pa.s, suggesting that low values of transient asthenospheric viscosities reported in some postseismic studies cannot hold for the seasonal deformation global average. Numéro de notice : A2018-654 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG LAREG+Ext (2012-mi2018) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1002/2017GL076451 Date de publication en ligne : 12/02/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/2017GL076451 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93514
in Geophysical research letters > vol 45 n° 5 (15 March 2018) . - pp 2328 - 2338[article]Contribution actuelle de la calotte Antarctique à la variation du niveau marin / Clémence Chupin (2018)
Titre : Contribution actuelle de la calotte Antarctique à la variation du niveau marin Type de document : Mémoire Auteurs : Clémence Chupin, Auteur Editeur : Le Mans : Ecole Supérieure des Géomètres et Topographes ESGT Année de publication : 2018 Autre Editeur : Champs-sur-Marne : Ecole nationale des sciences géographiques ENSG Importance : 83 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie
Mémoire d'ingénieur ESGT, master PPMD Photogrammétrie, Positionnement et Mesure de DéformationLangues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] analyse spatio-temporelle
[Termes IGN] Antarctique
[Termes IGN] bilan de masse
[Termes IGN] calotte glaciaire
[Termes IGN] déformation verticale de la croute terrestre
[Termes IGN] données GRACE
[Termes IGN] élasticité
[Termes IGN] fonte des glaces
[Termes IGN] géoïde local
[Termes IGN] image Envisat-ASAR
[Termes IGN] levé gravimétrique
[Termes IGN] manteau terrestre
[Termes IGN] montée du niveau de la mer
[Termes IGN] rhéologie
[Termes IGN] viscositéIndex. décimale : MPPMD Mémoires du mastère spécialisé Photogrammétrie, Positionnement et Mesures de Déformation Résumé : (auteur) Avec ses 14 millions de km2, la calotte Antarctique représente le plus grand réservoir d’eau
douce de la planète, ce qui en fait un contributeur non négligeable de l’augmentation du niveau marin. Les dernières estimations de son bilan de masse évalue la perte de glace de la calotte à 2.720 ± 1.390 Gt entre 1992 et 2017, ce qui correspond à une hausse du niveau marin d’environ 7.6 ± 3.9 mm [Shepherd et al., 2018]. L’objectif de ce stage est d’utiliser ce bilan de masse moyen pour quantifier l’amplitude des variations du niveau marin. Grâce aux données d’altimétrie et de gravimétrie satellitaire, un modèle des variations spatio-temporelles du bilan de masse est également construit. Le logiciel SELEN ensuite permet de calculer la variation du niveau marin induite par ces deux modèles de fonte.Note de contenu : Introduction
1- Antarctique & niveau marin
2- Modélisation de la variation spatio-temporelle de l’Antarctique
3- Estimation des variations du niveau marin
ConclusionNuméro de notice : 21856 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Mémoire ingénieur ESGT Organisme de stage : Laboratoire Geoazur (CNRS) Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91420 Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 21856-01 MPPMD Livre Centre de documentation Travaux d'élèves Disponible Documents numériques
peut être téléchargé
Contribution actuelle de la calotte... - pdf auteurAdobe Acrobat PDF
Titre : Evidence for postglacial signatures in gravity gradients: A clue in lower mantle viscosity Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Laurent Métivier Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 146 - 156 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie physique
[Termes IGN] Amérique du nord
[Termes IGN] anomalie de pesanteur
[Termes IGN] déformation de la croute terrestre
[Termes IGN] gradient de gravitation
[Termes IGN] manteau terrestre
[Termes IGN] paléocontinent
[Termes IGN] viscositéRésumé : (auteur) The Earth's surface was depressed under the weight of ice during the last glaciations. Glacial Isostatic Adjustment (GIA) induces the slow recession of the trough that is left after deglaciation and is responsible for a contemporary uplift rate of more than 1 cm/yr around Hudson Bay. The present-day residual depression, an indicator of still-ongoing GIA, is difficult to identify in the observed topography, which is predominantly sensitive to crustal heterogeneities. According to the most widespread GIA models, which feature a viscosity of 2–3×1021 Pa s2–3×1021 Pa s on top of the lower mantle, the trough is approximately 100 m deep and cannot explain the observed gravity anomalies across North America. These large anomalies are therefore usually attributed to subcontinental density heterogeneities in the tectosphere or to slab downwelling in the deep mantle.
Here, we use observed gravity gradients (GG) to show that the uncompensated GIA trough is four times larger than expected and that it is the main source of the North American static gravity signal. We search for the contribution to these GGs from mantle mass anomalies, which are deduced from seismic tomography and are mechanically coupled to the global mantle flow. This contribution is found to be small over Laurentia, and at least 82% of the GGs are caused by GIA. Such a contribution from GIA in these GG observations implies a viscosity that is greater than 1022 Pa s1022 Pa s in the lower mantle.
Our conclusions are a plea for GIA models with a highly viscous lower mantle, which confirm inferences from mantle dynamic models. Any change in GIA modelling has important paleoclimatological and environmental implications, encouraging scientists to re-evaluate the past ice history at a global scale. These implications, in turn, affect the contribution of bedrock uplift to the contemporaneous mass balance over Antarctica and Greenland and thus the present-day ice-melting rate as deduced from the GRACE space mission. Additionally, studies of the thermo-chemical structure of the lithosphere/crust under North America that exploit gravity or geodetic data should be corrected for a GIA model, which is not the case today.Numéro de notice : A2016-906 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG LAREG+Ext (2012-mi2018) Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.epsl.2016.07.034 Date de publication en ligne : 16/08/2016 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1016/j.epsl.2016.07.034 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=83034
in Earth and planetary science letters > vol 452 (October 2016) . - pp 146 - 156[article]
Titre : Joint analysis of GOCE gravity gradients data of gravitational potential and of gravity with seismological and geodynamic observations to infer mantle properties Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marianne Greff-Lefftz, Auteur ; Laurent Métivier Année de publication : 2016 Projets : TOSCA / Article en page(s) : pp 257 - 283 Note générale : bibliographie
This study was supported by CNES (Centre National d’Etudes Spatiales) through the TOSCA committee and is IPGP contribution number 3701.Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale
[Termes IGN] champ de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes IGN] données GOCE
[Termes IGN] facteur d'échelle
[Termes IGN] gradient de gravitation
[Termes IGN] manteau terrestre
[Termes IGN] méthode de Monte-Carlo
[Termes IGN] potentiel de pesanteur terrestre
[Termes IGN] viscositéRésumé : (auteur) Joint analysis of the seismic velocities and geoid, gravity and gravity gradients are used to constrain the viscosity profile within the mantle as well as the lateral density variations. Recent ESA's Gravity field and steady-state Ocean Circulation Explorer measurements of the second-order derivatives of the Earth's gravity potential give new possibilities to determine these mantle properties. Using a simple mantle model and seismic tomography results, we investigate how the gravitational potential, the three components of the gravity vector and the gravity gradients can bring information on the radial viscosity profile and on the mantle mass anomalies. We start with lateral density variations in the Earth's mantle based either on slab history or deduced from seismic tomography. The main uncertainties are: for the latter case, the relationship between seismic velocity and density—the so-called density/velocity scaling factor—and for the former case, the variation with depth of the density contrast between the cold slabs and the surrounding mantle. We perform a Monte Carlo search for the viscosity and the density/velocity scaling factor profiles within the mantle, which allows to fit the observed geoid, gravity and gradients of gravity. We compute the posterior probability distribution of the unknown parameters, and find that the gravity gradients improve the estimate of the scaling factor within the upper mantle, because of their sensitivity to the masses within the upper mantle, whereas the geoid and the gravity better constrain the scaling factor in the lower mantle. In the upper mantle, it is less than 0.02 in the upper part and about 0.08–0.14 in the lower part, and it is significantly larger for depths greater than 1200 km (about 0.32–0.34). In any case, the density/velocity scaling factor between 670 and 1150 km depth is not well constrained. We show that the viscosity of the upper part of the mantle is strongly correlated with the viscosity of the lower part of the mantle and that the viscosity profile is characterized by a decrease in the lower part of the upper mantle (about 1020–2 × 1020 Pa s) and by an increase (about 1023–2 × 1023 Pa s) at the top of the lower mantle (between 670 and 1150 km). The viscosity of the mantle below 1150 km depth is well estimated in our Monte Carlo search and is about 1022–4 × 1022 Pa s. Numéro de notice : A2016--192 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG LAREG+Ext (2012-mi2018) Autre URL associée : vers HAL Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1093/gji/ggw002 Date de publication en ligne : 16/02/2016 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/gji/ggw002 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=91843
in Geophysical journal international > vol 205 n° 1 (April 2016) . - pp 257 - 283[article]Gravité de la Terre : des mesures aux modèles, une image de la dynamique interne / Isabelle Panet (2015)
PermalinkPermalinkPermalinkPermalink
