Centre de documentation
scientifique

Dépouillements

Data-gathering strategies for social-behavioural research about participatory geographical information system use / T. Nyerges in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002) . - pp 1 - 22 Titre : Data-gathering strategies for social-behavioural research about participatory geographical information system use Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : T. Nyerges, Auteur ; Piotr Jankowski, Auteur ; C. Drew, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : pp 1 - 22 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information géographique [Termes IGN] acquisition de données [Termes IGN] aide à la décision [Termes IGN] regroupement de données [Termes IGN] sociologie [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) Studies about geographical information systems (GIS) use contribute to geographic information science through critical evaluation of the concepts embedded in GIS tools. Social-behavioural studies about group use of GIS help us to understand the social implications of GIS because groups are fundamental units underlying intra-organizational, organization-wide, and inter-organizational activity in society. When group communication technology is integrated with basic GIS capabilities an enhanced version of GIS called 'participatory GIS' (PGIS) is created. Group use of PGIS technology can be studied by sampling social-behavioural events during human-computer-human interaction. Socialbehavioural research about PGIS use requires an informed balance among three research domain s- substan ti ve, theoretical, and methodological -if we are to make balanced progress in participatory geographical information science associated with the critical evaluation of GIS use. In this paper, we draw from our research on GIS-supported collaborative decision making about land use and resource planning and a conceptual framework called Enhanced Adaptive Structuration Theory. We develop a new framework for understanding choices among data-gathering strategies for social-behavioural studies about PGIS use. The framework for data-gathering strategies is composed of two dimensions. One dimension is the level of induced control in social-behavioural relations during GIS use in a research setting. The other is the amount of pre- or post-structuring of variables embedded in data-collection techniques. Several common datagathering strategies, e.g. laboratory experiment, field experiment, case study, and field survey, are differentiated in terms of those dimensions. Objectives for empirical research are used to compare and contrast the data-gathering strategies. This framework helps researchers understand the trade-offs among various datagathering strategies as the core of research designs for critical evaluations of PGIS use. Numéro de notice : A2002-001 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810110075987 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810110075987 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21918 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-02011	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Analysing cadastral systems in uncertain situations: a conceptual framework based on soft systems theory / Michael Barry in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002) . - pp 23 - 40 Titre : Analysing cadastral systems in uncertain situations: a conceptual framework based on soft systems theory Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Michael Barry, Auteur ; Clarissa Fourie, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : pp 23 - 40 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cadastre étranger [Termes IGN] Afrique du sud (état) [Termes IGN] approche holistique [Termes IGN] cadastre étranger [Termes IGN] cadre conceptuel [Termes IGN] méthode robuste [Termes IGN] parcelle cadastrale Résumé : (Auteur) Based on experiences in South Africa, a conceptual framework is described which makes it possible to analyse how a cadastral system interacts with other land management sub-systems in volatile, changing situations. Soft systems theory, strategic management theory and existing cadastral theory underlie this framework. The soft systems approach, when applied to the cadastral field, makes it possible to move away from the conventional simplistic, hard interventionist, sub-system-foc used design exercises and instead undertake holistic analyses of complex situations, which include human behaviour and a range of non-static land management sub-systems. It is also possible to analyse technical processes from different points of view, or contexts. over time, which facilitates more robust and sustainable cadastral systems' design and management. Numéro de notice : A2002-002 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810110095039 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810110095039 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21919 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-02011	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Integrating spatial data analysis and GIS: a new implementation using the Component Object Model (COM) / M.J. Ungerer in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002) . - pp 41 - 53 Titre : Integrating spatial data analysis and GIS: a new implementation using the Component Object Model (COM) Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : M.J. Ungerer, Auteur ; Michael F. Goodchild, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : pp 41 - 53 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information géographique [Termes IGN] analyse spatiale [Termes IGN] ArcInfo [Termes IGN] Component Object Model [Termes IGN] implémentation (informatique) [Termes IGN] interpolation spatiale [Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données localisées [Termes IGN] modèle orienté objet [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) This paper presents a coupling strategy based on Component Object Model (COM) technology, for performing spatial analysis within a GIS. The strategy involves using a module which simultaneously manipulates software components from the GIS application and the data analysis application. We illustrate the strategy using an extension, written for the proprietary GIS ArcInfo, which performs areal interpolation, a statistical method of basis change commonly required by users of socioeconomic data. The extension creates an instance of a statistics package and uses it to process GIS data stored in ArcInfo, and then passes the resulting information back to ArcInfo where it is stored in a standard attribute table. This coupling strategy can, of course, be used with other COMcompliant GIS and data analysis software. COM-compliant software allows GIS analysts and researchers to create custom-tailored applications using components from many different sources. Because the GIS does not rely on a proprietary macro language for customization there is a potential increase in access to spatial analysis tools which were previously difficult to link with a GIS, and we explore and evaluate the potential of the coupling strategy presented here for the GIS and spatial analysis research community. Numéro de notice : A2002-003 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810110095066 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810110095066 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21920 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-02011	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Mapping Dilution of Precision (MDOP) and map-matched GPS / Geoffrey Blewitt in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002) . - pp 55 - 67 Titre : Mapping Dilution of Precision (MDOP) and map-matched GPS Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Geoffrey Blewitt, Auteur ; Georges E. Taylor, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : pp 55 - 67 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Navigation et positionnement [Termes IGN] affaiblissement géométrique de la précision [Termes IGN] appariement de cartes [Termes IGN] correction [Termes IGN] erreur de positionnement [Termes IGN] GPS assisté pour la navigation (technologies) [Termes IGN] GPS en mode différentiel [Termes IGN] méthode des moindres carrés [Termes IGN] navigation automobile [Termes IGN] positionnement différentiel [Termes IGN] véhicule automobile Résumé : (Auteur) A novel method of map matching using the Global Positioning System (GPS) has been developed which uses digital mapping and height data to augment point position computation. This method reduces the error in position, which is a sum from several sources, including signal delay due to the ionosphere and atmosphere and until recently from 'selective availability' (S/A). S/A was imposed by the US military to degrade purposefully the accuracy of GPS, but was switched off on 2 May 2000, and is to be replaced with 'regional denial capabilities in lieu of global degradation' (Interagency GPS Executive Board, 2000). Taylor et al. (2001) describe the Road Reduction Filter (RRF) in detail. RRF is a method of detecting the correct road on which a vehicle is travelling. In the work described here, the position error vector is estimated in a formal least squares procedure, as the vehicle is moving. This estimate is a map-matched correction, that provides an autonomous alternative to DGPS for in-car navigation and fleet management. In this paper, a formula is derived for 'Mapped Dilution of Precision' (MDOP), defined as the theoretical ratio of position precision using map-matched corrections to that using perfect Differential GPS (DGPS) correction. This is shown to be purely a function of route geometry, and is computed for examples of basic road shapes. MDOP is favourable unless the route has less than a few degrees curvature for several kilometres. MDOP can thus provide an objective estimate of positioning precision to a vehicle driver. Precision estimates using MDOP are shown to agree well with 'true' positioning errors determined using high precision (cm) GPS carrier phase techniques. The exact location of a vehicle on a road is essential for accurate surveying applications. These include close range photogrammetry using digital video or still cameras and the verification of digital mapping by measured (GPS and other sensors) trajectories. Numéro de notice : A2002-004 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810110075996 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810110075996 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21921 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-02011	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

A working prototype of a dynamic geographical information system / Maria J.P. de Vasconcelos in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002) . - pp 69 - 91 Titre : A working prototype of a dynamic geographical information system Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Maria J.P. de Vasconcelos, Auteur ; Antonio Goncalves, Auteur ; F.X. Catry, Auteur ; J.U. Paul, Auteur ; F. Barros, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : pp 69 - 91 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information géographique [Termes IGN] cartographie dynamique [Termes IGN] données spatiotemporelles [Termes IGN] incendie de forêt [Termes IGN] SIG dynamique [Termes IGN] simulation [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) The objective of this work is to develop a dynamic geographical information system (DGIS) applicable for the simulation of spatio-temporal phenomena. DGIS is designed and implemented as a dynamic raster GIS in a fully integrated systems strategy using theory of modelling and simulation, discrete event systems specifications, and knowledge-based simulation methodologies. The approach accommodates the representations and operators of current GIS in a broader systems representation scheme that includes the constructs for handling continuous time, model base, multiple resolution, hierarchy, taxonomy, variable structure, and intelligent agents. DGIS is defined as an endomorphic system that can be transformed by the user into different, application-specific, spatial dynamic simulation environments depending on the models selected to fit the various aspects of its structure. In this paper we describe the theory, methods, and technologies upon which the system is designed and implemented and discuss how it can support complex spatial simulations. To probe operational applicability, an instance of DGIS is generated: a fire spread simulation environment, which is tested in the simulation of 15 real fire events. Numéro de notice : A2002-005 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810110095048 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810110095048 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21922 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-02011	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Effects of spatial aggregation approaches on classified satellite imagery / H.S. He in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 16 n° 1 (january 2002) . - pp 93 - 109 Titre : Effects of spatial aggregation approaches on classified satellite imagery Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : H.S. He, Auteur ; S.J. Ventura, Auteur ; D.J. Mladenoff, Auteur Année de publication : 2002 Article en page(s) : pp 93 - 109 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique [Termes IGN] agrégation spatiale [Termes IGN] classification [Termes IGN] image Landsat-TM Résumé : (Auteur) Spatial aggregations of raster data based on the majority rule have been typically used in landscape ecological studies. It is generally acknowledged that (1) dominant classes increase in abundance while minor classes decrease in abundance or even disappear through aggregation processes ; and (2) spatial patterns also change with aggregations. In this paper, we examined an alternative, random rule-based aggregation and its effects on cover type abundance and landscape patterns, in comparison with the majority rule-based aggregation. We aggregated a classified TM imagery (about 1.5 million ha) from 30 m (4231 x 3717 pixels) incrementally to 990m resolution (132 pixels x 116 pixels). Cover type proportion, mean patch size ratio, aggregation index (AI), and fractal dimension (FD) were used to assess the effects of aggregation. To compare landscapes under different resolutions, we assumed that the landscapes were least distorted if ( 1) the cover type proportions and mean patch size ratios among classes were maintained, and (2) all cover types responded in the same way for a given index as aggregation levels increased. For example, distortion is introduced by aggregation if some cover types increase their AI values with increasing aggregation levels while other cover types decrease. Our study indicated that the two spatial aggregation techniques led to different results in cover type proportions and they altered spatial pattern in opposite ways. The majority rule-based aggregations caused distortions of cover type proportions and spatial patterns. Generally, the majority rule-based aggregation filtered out minor classes and produced clumped landscapes. Such landscape representations are relatively easy for interpreting and, therefore, are suitable for land managers to conceptualize spatial patterns of a study region. By contrast, the random rule-based aggregations maintained cover type proportions accurately, but tended to make spatial patterns change toward disaggregation. Overall, the measurements of landscape indices used in this study indicated that the random rule-based aggregation maintains spatial patterning better than the majority rule-based aggregation. Random rule-based aggregations are more suitable for studies in which the accuracy of spatially explicit information is of concern. They can be very useful in scaling data of fine resolution to coarse resolution, while retaining cover type proportions. Numéro de notice : A2002-006 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810110075978 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810110075978 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=21923 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-02011	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible