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Plant community mycorrhization in temperate forests and grasslands: relations with edaphic properties and plant diversity / Maret Gerz in Journal of vegetation science, vol 27 n° 1 (January 2016)
[article]
Titre : Plant community mycorrhization in temperate forests and grasslands: relations with edaphic properties and plant diversity Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Maret Gerz, Auteur ; Carlos Guillermo Bueno, Auteur ; Martin Zobel, Auteur ; Mari Moora, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 89 - 99 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] azote
[Termes IGN] biodiversité végétale
[Termes IGN] ectomycorhize
[Termes IGN] Estonie
[Termes IGN] forêt tempérée
[Termes IGN] humidité du sol
[Termes IGN] prairie
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Questions : Mycorrhizal symbiosis plays a key role in plant communities. Its prevalence in plant communities (mycorrhization) at larger spatial scales has so far been mostly qualitative, while quantitative studies incorporating the mycorrhizal traits of plant species are scarce. This study aims to: (1) determine the variation in general and arbuscular mycorrhization in temperate forests and grasslands, (2) study the effects of soil N, pH and moisture on mycorrhization, and (3) determine the relationships between mycorrhization and plant diversity.
Location : Temperate forests and grasslands in Estonia, Northern Europe.
Methods : To quantify mycorrhization we used a plant community mycorrhization index – community mean of mycorrhizal status weighted by plant species abundances. The effects of edaphic factors characterized by cumulative Ellenberg values on mycorrhization were analysed using linear mixed models, and the relationship between mycorrhization and diversity was evaluated with partial correlation and variance partitioning.
Results : General mycorrhization was higher in forests and lower in grasslands, opposite to arbuscular mycorrhization. Soil N, pH and moisture negatively impacted general mycorrhization, whereas arbuscular mycorrhization was positively affected by soil pH and negatively by soil N and moisture. Plant species richness was negatively correlated with general mycorrhization in forests, whereas arbuscular mycorrhization was positively associated with plant species richness, Shannon and Simpson indices in forests and across ecosystems.
Conclusions : Mycorrhization is highly dependent on soil conditions and related to plant diversity, showing its importance for vegetation science. The plant community mycorrhization index used in this study is a promising tool for quantifying the prevalence of mycorrhizal symbiosis along environmental gradients.Numéro de notice : A2016-361 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1111/jvs.12338 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12338 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81096
in Journal of vegetation science > vol 27 n° 1 (January 2016) . - pp 89 - 99[article]The species pool concept as a framework for studying patterns of plant diversity / Martin Zobel in Journal of vegetation science, vol 27 n° 1 (January 2016)
[article]
Titre : The species pool concept as a framework for studying patterns of plant diversity Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Martin Zobel, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 8 - 18 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] habitat (nature)
[Termes IGN] unité phytosociologique
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Co-existence theories fail to adequately explain observed community patterns (diversity and composition) because they mainly address local extinctions. For a more complete understanding, the regional processes responsible for species formation and geographic dispersal should also be considered. The species pool concept holds that local variation in community patterns is dependent primarily on the availability of species, which is driven by historical diversification and dispersal at continental and landscape scales. However, empirical evidence of historical effects is limited. This slow progress can be attributed to methodological difficulties in determining the characteristics of historical species pools and how they contributed to diversity patterns in contemporary landscapes. A role of landscape-scale dispersal limitation in determining local community patterns has been demonstrated by numerous seed addition experiments. However, disentangling general patterns of dispersal limitation in communities still requires attention. Distinguishing habitat-specific species pools can help to meet both applied and theoretical challenges. In conservation biology, the use of absolute richness may be uninformative because the size of species pools varies between habitats. For characterizing the dynamic state of individual communities, biodiversity relative to species pools provides a balanced way of assessing communities in different habitats. Information about species pools may also be useful when studying community assembly rules, because it enables a possible mechanism of trait convergence (habitat filtering) to be explicitly assessed. Empirical study of the role of historic effects and dispersal on local community patterns has often been restricted due to methodological difficulties in determining habitat-specific species pools. However, accumulating distributional, ecological and phylogenetic information, as well as use of appropriate model systems (e.g. archipelagos with known biogeographic histories) will allow the species pool concept to be applied effectively in future research. Numéro de notice : A2016-360 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1111/jvs.12333 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/jvs.12333 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81095
in Journal of vegetation science > vol 27 n° 1 (January 2016) . - pp 8 - 18[article]Vegetation classification and biogeography of European floodplain forests and alder carrs / Jan Douda in Applied Vegetation Science, vol 19 n° 1 (January 2016)
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Titre : Vegetation classification and biogeography of European floodplain forests and alder carrs Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jan Douda, Auteur ; Karel Boublík, Auteur ; Michal Slezák, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 147 - 163 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Alnus (genre)
[Termes IGN] Alnus glutinosa
[Termes IGN] Alnus incana
[Termes IGN] analyse de groupement
[Termes IGN] biogéographie
[Termes IGN] classification barycentrique
[Termes IGN] classification dirigée
[Termes IGN] Europe (géographie physique)
[Termes IGN] forêt marécageuse
[Termes IGN] forêt ripicole
[Termes IGN] Fraxinus angustifolia
[Termes IGN] Fraxinus excelsior
[Termes IGN] Platanus orientalis
[Termes IGN] Populus alba
[Termes IGN] Populus nigra
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Aim : Formalized classifications synthesizing vegetation data at the continental scale are being attempted only now, although they are of key importance for nature conservation planning. Therefore, we aim to provide a vegetation classification and to describe the main biogeographical patterns of floodplain forests and alder carrs in Europe.
Location : Europe.
Methods : A database of more than 40 000 vegetation plots of floodplain forests and alder carrs across Europe was compiled. After geographic stratification, 16 392 plots were available for classification, which was performed using the supervised method Cocktail. We also searched for new associations using semi-supervised K-means classification. The main biogeographic patterns and climate-related gradients in species composition were determined using detrended correspondence analysis and cluster analysis.
Results : Thirty associations of floodplain forests and alder carrs were distinguished, which belong to five alliances. The Alnion incanae includes riparian, seepage and hardwood floodplain forests in the nemoral and hemiboreal zones (dominated by Alnus glutinosa and Fraxinus excelsior) and in the boreal zone (dominated by A. incana). The Osmundo-Alnion represents oceanic vegetation dominated by Alnus glutinosa, Fraxinus angustifolia and F. excelsior distributed mostly on the Iberian Peninsula and composed of species with Atlantic distribution and Iberian endemics. The Populion albae comprises floodplain forests frequently dominated by Fraxinus angustifolia, Populus alba and P. nigra that are widespread in floodplains of large rivers under summer-dry climates in the Mediterranean region. The Platanion orientalis represents eastern Mediterranean floodplain forests dominated by Platanus orientalis. The Alnion glutinosae includes forest swamps dominated by Alnus glutinosa distributed mostly in the nemoral and hemiboreal zones. The main biogeographic patterns within European floodplain forests and alder carrs reflect the climatic contrasts between the Mediterranean, nemoral, boreal and mountain regions. Oceanic floodplain forests differ from those in the rest of Europe. The hydrological regime appears to be the most important factor influencing species composition within regions.
Conclusions : This study is the first applying a formalized classification at the association level for a broad vegetation type at the continental scale. The proposed classification provides the scientific basis for the necessary improvement of the habitat classification systems used in European nature conservation.Numéro de notice : A2016-363 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1111/avsc.12201 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12201 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81102
in Applied Vegetation Science > vol 19 n° 1 (January 2016) . - pp 147 - 163[article]A meta-analysis of functional group responses to forest recovery outside of the tropics / Rebecca Spake in Conservation biology, vol 29 n° 6 (December 2015)
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Titre : A meta-analysis of functional group responses to forest recovery outside of the tropics Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Rebecca Spake, Auteur ; Thomas H.G. Ezard, Auteur ; Philip A. Martin, Auteur ; Adrian C. Newton, Auteur ; C. Patrick Doncaster, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 1695 - 1703 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] biodiversité
[Termes IGN] ectomycorhize
[Termes IGN] forêt boréale
[Termes IGN] forêt méditerranéenne
[Termes IGN] forêt secondaire
[Termes IGN] forêt tempérée
[Termes IGN] indicateur biologique
[Termes IGN] restauration écologique
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) Both active and passive forest restoration schemes are used in degraded landscapes across the world to enhance biodiversity and ecosystem service provision. Restoration is increasingly also being implemented in biodiversity offset schemes as compensation for loss of natural habitat to anthropogenic development. This has raised concerns about the value of replacing old-growth forest with plantations, motivating research on biodiversity recovery as forest stands age. Functional diversity is now advocated as a key metric for restoration success, yet it has received little analytical attention to date. We conducted a meta-analysis of 90 studies that measured differences in species richness for functional groups of fungi, lichens, and beetles between old-growth control and planted or secondary treatment forests in temperate, boreal, and Mediterranean regions. We identified functional-group–specific relationships in the response of species richness to stand age after forest disturbance. Ectomycorrhizal fungi averaged 90 years for recovery to old-growth values (between 45 years and unrecoverable at 95% prediction limits), and epiphytic lichens took 180 years to reach 90% of old-growth values (between 140 years and never for recovery to old-growth values at 95% prediction limits). Non-saproxylic beetle richness, in contrast, decreased as stand age of broadleaved forests increased. The slow recovery by some functional groups essential to ecosystem functioning makes old-growth forest an effectively irreplaceable biodiversity resource that should be exempt from biodiversity offsetting initiatives. Numéro de notice : A2015--027 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1111/cobi.12548 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1111/cobi.12548 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81007
in Conservation biology > vol 29 n° 6 (December 2015) . - pp 1695 - 1703[article]SIFlore, a dataset of geographical distribution of vascular plants covering five centuries of knowledge in France: Results of a collaborative project coordinated by the Federation of the National Botanical Conservatories / Anaïs Just in PhytoKeys, n° 56 (2015)
[article]
Titre : SIFlore, a dataset of geographical distribution of vascular plants covering five centuries of knowledge in France: Results of a collaborative project coordinated by the Federation of the National Botanical Conservatories Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Anaïs Just, Auteur ; Johan Gourvil, Auteur ; Jérôme Millet, Auteur ; Vincent Boullet, Auteur ; Thomas Milon, Auteur ; Isabelle Mandon, Auteur ; Bruno Dutrève, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 47 - 60 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] base de données localisées
[Termes IGN] France métropolitaine
[Termes IGN] répartition géographique
[Termes IGN] Réunion, île de la
[Termes IGN] Tracheophyta
[Vedettes matières IGN] Ecologie forestièreRésumé : (auteur) More than 20 years ago, the French Muséum National d’Histoire Naturelle1 (MNHN, Secretariat of the Fauna and Flora) published the first part of an atlas of the flora of France at a 20km spatial resolution, accounting for 645 taxa (Dupont 1990). Since then, at the national level, there has not been any work on this scale relating to flora distribution, despite the obvious need for a better understanding. In 2011, in response to this need, the Federation des Conservatoires Botaniques Nationaux (FCBN, http://www. fcbn.fr) launched an ambitious collaborative project involving eleven national botanical conservatories of France. The project aims to establish a formal procedure and standardized system for data hosting, aggregation and publication for four areas: flora, fungi, vegetation and habitats. In 2014, the first phase of the project led to the development of the national flora dataset: SIFlore. As it includes about 21 million records of flora occurrences, this is currently the most comprehensive dataset on the distribution of vascular plants (Tracheophyta) in the French territory. SIFlore contains information for about 15'454 plant taxa occurrences (indigenous and alien taxa) in metropolitan France and Reunion Island, from 1545 until 2014. The data records were originally collated from inventories, checklists, literature and herbarium records. SIFlore was developed by assembling flora datasets from the regional to the national level. At the regional level, source records are managed by the national botanical conservatories that are responsible for flora data collection and validation.
In order to present our results, a geoportal was developed by the Fédération des conservatoires botaniques nationaux that allows the SIFlore dataset to be publically viewed. This portal is available at: http://siflore.fcbn. fr. As the FCBN belongs to the Information System for Nature and Landscapes’ (SINP), a governmental program, the dataset is also accessible through the websites of the National Inventory of Natural Heritage (http:// www.inpn.fr) and the Global Biodiversity Information Facility (http://www.gbif.fr). SIFlore is regularly updated with additional data records. It is also planned to expand the scope of the dataset to include information about taxon biology, phenology, ecology, chorology, frequency, conservation status and seed banks. A map showing an estimation of the dataset completeness (based on Jackknife 1 estimator) is presented and included as a numerical appendix.Numéro de notice : A2015--048 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.3897/phytokeys.56.5723 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3897/phytokeys.56.5723 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82178
in PhytoKeys > n° 56 (2015) . - pp 47 - 60[article]Documents numériques
en open access
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