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Automating the external placement of symbols for point features in situation maps for emergency response / Sven Gedicke in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, Vol 50 n° 4 (June 2023)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > Vol 50 n° 4 (June 2023) . - pp 385 - 402 Titre : Automating the external placement of symbols for point features in situation maps for emergency response Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Sven Gedicke, Auteur ; Lukas Arzoumanidis, Auteur ; Jan‐Henrik Haunert, Auteur Année de publication : 2023 Article en page(s) : pp 385 - 402 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] algorithme du recuit simulé [Termes IGN] cartographie d'urgence [Termes IGN] optimisation (mathématiques) [Termes IGN] placement automatique des signes conventionnels [Termes IGN] programmation linéaire Résumé : (auteur) In this article, we address the time-critical work of emergency services in the field of disaster and emergency response. Aiming at saving valuable human and time resources during emergency operations, we present one exact and one heuristic approach for the automatic placement of tactical symbols in situation maps. Such maps are used to establish situational awareness and to convey mission-relevant information to emergency personnel. Usually, the information is communicated through the visualization of descriptive symbols which are predominantly placed in a manual process. We automate this process based on an established map layout used by emergency services in Germany that distributes the symbols to the map boundaries. Following general principles and observations from existing literature, we formalize the symbol placement as an optimization problem. We take into account the relevance of tactical symbols as well as short and crossing-free leaders and allow the grouped representation of symbols of similar semantics and spatially close map locations. In experiments with real-world data, we determine a balance between the optimization criteria and show that our heuristic generates high-quality results in less than a second. In an assessment by an expert, we get confirmation that our maps are suitable for use in emergency scenarios. Numéro de notice : A2023-234 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2023.2213446 Date de publication en ligne : 20/06/2023 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2023.2213446 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=103592 [article]

Determination of building flood risk maps from LiDAR mobile mapping data / Yu Feng in Computers, Environment and Urban Systems, vol 93 (April 2022)  

Public [article]  inComputers, Environment and Urban Systems > vol 93 (April 2022) . - n° 101759 Titre : Determination of building flood risk maps from LiDAR mobile mapping data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Yu Feng, Auteur ; Qing Xiao, Auteur ; Claus Brenner, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 101759 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes IGN] apprentissage profond [Termes IGN] bâtiment [Termes IGN] cartographie d'urgence [Termes IGN] cartographie des risques [Termes IGN] classification semi-dirigée [Termes IGN] détection d'objet [Termes IGN] données lidar [Termes IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes IGN] extraction de traits caractéristiques [Termes IGN] façade [Termes IGN] infiltration [Termes IGN] inondation [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] prévention des risques [Termes IGN] risque naturel [Termes IGN] segmentation sémantique Résumé : (auteur) With increasing urbanization, flooding is a major challenge for many cities today. Based on forecast precipitation, topography, and pipe networks, flood simulations can provide early warnings for areas and buildings at risk of flooding. Basement windows, doors, and underground garage entrances are common places where floodwater can flow into a building. Some buildings have been prepared or designed considering the threat of flooding, but others have not. Therefore, knowing the heights of these facade openings helps to identify places that are more susceptible to water ingress. However, such data is not yet readily available in most cities. Traditional surveying of the desired targets may be used, but this is a very time-consuming and laborious process. Instead, mobile mapping using LiDAR (light detection and ranging) is an efficient tool to obtain a large amount of high-density 3D measurement data. To use this method, it is required to extract the desired facade openings from the data in a fully automatic manner. This research presents a new process for the extraction of windows and doors from LiDAR mobile mapping data. Deep learning object detection models are trained to identify these objects. Usually, this requires to provide large amounts of manual annotations. In this paper, we mitigate this problem by leveraging a rule-based method. In a first step, the rule-based method is used to generate pseudo-labels. A semi-supervised learning strategy is then applied with three different levels of supervision. The results show that using only automatically generated pseudo-labels, the learning-based model outperforms the rule-based approach by 14.6% in terms of F1-score. After five hours of human supervision, it is possible to improve the model by another 6.2%. By comparing the detected facade openings' heights with the predicted water levels from a flood simulation model, a map can be produced which assigns per-building flood risk levels. Thus, our research provides a new geographic information layer for fine-grained urban emergency response. This information can be combined with flood forecasting to provide a more targeted disaster prevention guide for the city's infrastructure and residential buildings. To the best of our knowledge, this work is the first attempt to achieve such a large scale, fine-grained building flood risk mapping. Numéro de notice : A2022-196 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101759 Date de publication en ligne : 01/02/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.compenvurbsys.2022.101759 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99964 [article]

A user-centric optimization of emergency map symbols to facilitate common operational picture / Tomasz Opach in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 49 n° 2 (March 2022)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 49 n° 2 (March 2022) . - pp 134 - 153 Titre : A user-centric optimization of emergency map symbols to facilitate common operational picture Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Tomasz Opach, Auteur ; Jan Ketil Rød, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 134 - 153 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Rédaction cartographique [Termes IGN] cartographie d'urgence [Termes IGN] entretien d'enquête [Termes IGN] Norvège [Termes IGN] représentation cartographique [Termes IGN] secours d'urgence [Termes IGN] sémiologie graphique [Termes IGN] symbole graphique [Termes IGN] utilisateur [Termes IGN] visualisation cartographique Résumé : (auteur) Common operational understanding among engaged emergency responders is facilitated through shared operational pictures during crisis situations. Sharing is typically achieved through interactive tools, either desktop or web-based, in which map displays play an essential role. That role can be further strengthened if (1) agreed emergency symbols that are used in map-based interactive tools are sufficient to encode multifaceted operational information visually; and (2) the symbols are legible and meaningful for the diverse users of those tools. The authors revisited official emergency map symbols in use in Norway and reconsidered them against current requirements. To this end, they first conducted several meetings with stakeholders to elicit adequate revision requirements. Next, the reconsideration included the extension of the symbol set, symbol modification, and grouping. After the reconsideration, emergency management officers and specialists were interviewed. The interviews confirmed the agreement with the symbol categorization, extension of the symbols, and their modifications. The interviewees also made numerous suggestions to be considered in a follow-up study. Moreover, two concepts – symbol standardization and symbol harmonization – were proposed. Numéro de notice : A2022-137 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/15230406.2021.1994469 Date de publication en ligne : 13/12/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/15230406.2021.1994469 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99758 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
032-2022021	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

CIME: Context-aware geolocation of emergency-related posts / Gabriele Scalia in Geoinformatica, vol 26 n° 1 (January 2022)  

Public [article]  inGeoinformatica > vol 26 n° 1 (January 2022) . - pp 125 - 157 Titre : CIME: Context-aware geolocation of emergency-related posts Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Gabriele Scalia, Auteur ; Chiara Francalanci, Auteur ; Barbara Pernici, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 125 - 157 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique web [Termes IGN] cartographie d'urgence [Termes IGN] données issues des réseaux sociaux [Termes IGN] données localisées des bénévoles [Termes IGN] exploration de données [Termes IGN] géolocalisation [Termes IGN] géoréférencement [Termes IGN] Grande-Bretagne [Termes IGN] implémentation (informatique) [Termes IGN] inondation [Termes IGN] New York (Etats-Unis ; ville) [Termes IGN] prise en compte du contexte [Termes IGN] tempête [Termes IGN] Twitter Résumé : (auteur) Information extracted from social media has proven to be very useful in the domain of emergency management. An important task in emergency management is rapid crisis mapping, which aims to produce timely and reliable maps of affected areas. During an emergency, the volume of emergency-related posts is typically large, but only a small fraction is relevant and help rapid mapping effectively. Furthermore, posts are not useful for mapping purposes unless they are correctly geolocated and, on average, less than 2% of posts are natively georeferenced. This paper presents an algorithm, called CIME, that aims to identify and geolocate emergency-related posts that are relevant for mapping purposes. While native geocoordinates are most often missing, many posts contain geographical references in their metadata, such as texts or links that can be used by CIME to filter and geolocate information. In addition, social media creates a social network and each post can be enhanced with indirect information from the post’s network of relationships with other posts (for example, a retweet can be associated with other geographical references which are useful to geolocate the original tweet). To exploit all this information, CIME uses the concept of context, defined as the information characterizing a post both directly (the post’s metadata) and indirectly (the post’s network of relationships). The algorithm was evaluated on a recent major emergency event demonstrating better performance with respect to the state of the art in terms of total number of geolocated posts, geolocation accuracy and relevance for rapid mapping. Numéro de notice : A2022-204 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10707-021-00446-x Date de publication en ligne : 28/07/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-021-00446-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100011 [article]

A GIS-based system for spatial-temporal availability evaluation of the open spaces used as emergency shelters: The case of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada / Yibing Yao in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 10 n° 2 (February 2021)  

Public [article]  inISPRS International journal of geo-information > vol 10 n° 2 (February 2021) . - n° 63 Titre : A GIS-based system for spatial-temporal availability evaluation of the open spaces used as emergency shelters: The case of Victoria, British Columbia, Canada Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Yibing Yao, Auteur ; Yuyang Zhang, Auteur ; Taoyu Yao, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 63 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications SIG [Termes IGN] analyse multicritère [Termes IGN] cartographie d'urgence [Termes IGN] Colombie-Britannique (Canada) [Termes IGN] données spatiotemporelles [Termes IGN] effondrement de terrain [Termes IGN] planification stratégique [Termes IGN] point d'intérêt [Termes IGN] protection civile [Termes IGN] répartition géographique [Termes IGN] secours d'urgence [Termes IGN] séisme [Termes IGN] tsunami [Termes IGN] zone urbaine Résumé : (auteur) Canadian emergency management planners have historically ignored the self-motivated evacuation procedures of people who cannot initially choose the safest evacuation areas. In densely developed urban areas, open spaces can be seen as ideal evacuation areas and should thus be included in shelter planning. In this study, the public open spaces in Great Victoria were selected as the study area and evaluated using GIS technologies. A multi-criteria TOPSIS evaluation model was used to conduct comprehensive quantitative evaluations of the open spaces’ safety, accessibility, and availability. Through hybrid process, service area, and POI aggregation coupling analyses, a model is created that provides an overall evaluation at the district level. In addition to providing a model for evaluating open spaces as emergency shelters, applicable to most Canadian cities, this study emphasizes the importance and disadvantages of open space emergency shelters in Canada, which have heretofore been ignored by decision makers. In Great Victoria, we found that the distribution of open spaces does not match the dynamics of the population distribution, meaning that through inadequate preparation some districts lack a safe evacuation place—this in an area where people are at high risk of earthquake disasters and their subsequent effects. Numéro de notice : A2021-150 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/ijgi10020063 Date de publication en ligne : 02/02/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi10020063 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97061 [article]

GIS-based multicriteria evaluation for earthquake response: a case study of expert opinion in Vancouver, Canada / Blake Byron Walker in Natural Hazards, Vol 105 n° 2 (January 2021)  

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Evaluating the impact of visualization of risk upon emergency route-planning / Lisa Cheong in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 34 n° 5 (May 2020)  

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Deep learning for semantic feature extraction in aerial imagery / Ananya Gupta (2020)  

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Analysis of tsunami evacuation maps for a consensual symbolization rules proposal / Jean-François Girres in International journal of cartography, vol 4 n° 1 (March 2018)  

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Contextual classification using photometry and elevation data for damage detection after an earthquake event / Ewelina Rupnik in European journal of remote sensing, vol 51 n° 1 (2018)  

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A survey of geomatics solutions for the rapid mapping of natural hazards / Isabella Toschi in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 83 n° 12 (December 2017)  

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Satellite image collection modeling for large area hazard emergency response / Shufan Liu in ISPRS Journal of photogrammetry and remote sensing, vol 118 (August 2016)  

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Measurement of surface changes in a scaled-down landslide model using high-speed stereo image sequences / Tiantian Feng in Photogrammetric Engineering & Remote Sensing, PERS, vol 82 n° 7 (juillet 2016)  

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Open help / Paul Stewart in GEO: Geoconnexion international, vol 15 n° 6 (June 2016)

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Le système de cartographie de crise (SC2) : un outil novateur et rustique au profit des acteurs de la gestion de crise / Thibault Lucazeau in Bulletin de liaison des membres de la Société de Géographie, Hors-série (juin 2016)

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