Centre de documentation
scientifique

Modelling the impact of climate change on the occurrence of frost damage in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) in Great Britain / A.A. Atucha-Zamkova in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 94 n° 5 (December 2021)  

Public [article]  inForestry, an international journal of forest research > vol 94 n° 5 (December 2021) . - p 664 - 676 Titre : Modelling the impact of climate change on the occurrence of frost damage in Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis) in Great Britain Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A.A. Atucha-Zamkova, Auteur ; K.A. Steele, Auteur ; A.R. Smith, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : p 664 - 676 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] cycle climatique [Termes IGN] gelée [Termes IGN] Grande-Bretagne [Termes IGN] historique des données [Termes IGN] modèle de simulation [Termes IGN] phénologie [Termes IGN] Picea sitchensis [Termes IGN] température [Termes IGN] variation saisonnière [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Climate change is predicted to increase temperature and seasonal temperature variance in Great Britain (GB). Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr) is the most important tree species used in commercial plantations throughout Europe and GB. Frosts that occur outside the winter dormancy period can negatively affect trees, since they happen after dehardening. Damage can be especially severe at bud burst, before emerging needles mature and form protective barriers. Here, we modelled the impact of climate change on frost sensitivity in Sitka spruce with temperature data from five climate projections. The UKCP09 climate model HadRm3 uses emission scenario SRESA1B for the years 2020–2099. The global and downscaled versions of the UKCP18 HadGem3 model use the emissions scenario RCP 8.5. The global model CMCC-CM uses the RCP 4.5 and RCP 8.5 emissions scenarios. The predictions based on these models were compared with results from gridded historical data for the period 1960–2015. Three indicators that assessed the frost sensitivity of Sitka spruce were explored: the total number of frosts between the onset of dehardening and the end of summer, which use three different temperature thresholds (Index 10°C, 1–3°C, 1–5°C); the total number of frosts after bud burst (Index 2); the number of days with minimum temperatures below the resistance level (backlashes) during the hardening–dehardening period (September–August) (Index 3). The indices were validated with historical data for frost damage across GB, and Index 1–3°C, Index 1–5°C and Index 3 were shown to be significantly correlated. The frequency of all frosts and backlashes is expected to decrease with climate change, especially under higher emissions scenarios. Post-bud burst frosts have been historically very rare in GB and remain so with climate change. Downscaled regional climate models detect geographic variability within GB and improve prediction of overall trends in frost damage in comparison to global climate change models for GB. Numéro de notice : A2021-825 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1093/forestry/cpab020 Date de publication en ligne : 17/05/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpab020 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98944 [article]

What influences the long-term development of mixtures in British forests? / William L. Mason in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 93 n° 4 (July 2020)  

Public [article]  inForestry, an international journal of forest research > vol 93 n° 4 (July 2020) . - pp 545 - 556 Titre : What influences the long-term development of mixtures in British forests? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : William L. Mason, Auteur ; T. Connolly, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 545 - 556 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] Betula pendula [Termes IGN] composition d'un peuplement forestier [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] foresterie [Termes IGN] Grande-Bretagne [Termes IGN] intensité lumineuse [Termes IGN] Larix kaempferi [Termes IGN] ombre [Termes IGN] peuplement mélangé [Termes IGN] peuplement pur [Termes IGN] Picea sitchensis [Termes IGN] Pinus contorta [Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Termes IGN] surface terrière [Termes IGN] Tsuga heterophylla [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Six experiments were established between 1955 and 1962 in different parts of northern and western Britain which used replicated randomized block designs to compare the performance of two species 50:50 mixtures with pure stands of the component species. The species involved were variously lodgepole pine (Pinus contorta Dougl.), Japanese larch (Larix kaempferi Lamb. Carr.), Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.), silver birch (Betula pendula Roth.), Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis Bong. Carr.) and western hemlock (Tsuga heterophylla Raf. Sarg.). The first four species are light demanding, while Sitka spruce is of intermediate shade tolerance and western hemlock is very shade tolerant: only Scots pine and silver birch are native to Great Britain. In three experiments (Bickley, Ceannacroc, Hambleton), the mixtures were of two light-demanding species, while at the other three sites, the mixture tested contained species of different shade tolerance. The experiments were followed for around 50 years, similar to a full rotation of even-aged conifer stands in Britain. Five experiments showed a tendency for one species to dominate in mixture, possibly reflecting differences in the shade tolerance or other functional traits of the component species. In the three experiments, the basal area of the mixtures at the last assessment was significantly higher than predicted based on the performance of the pure stands (i.e. the mixture ‘overyielded’). In two of these cases, the mixture had had a higher basal area than found in the more productive pure stand indicating ‘transgressive overyielding’. Significant basal area differences were generally more evident at the later assessment date. The exception was in a Scots pine: western hemlock mixture where greater overyielding at the earlier date indicated a nursing (‘facilitation’) effect. In the remaining experiments, the performance of the mixture conformed to predictions from the growth of the component species in pure stands. Taken overall, the results suggest that functional traits can be used to interpret the performance of mixtures but prediction of the outcome will require better understanding of the interplay between species and site characteristics plus the influence of silvicultural interventions. Numéro de notice : A2020-580 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1093/forestry/cpaa003 Date de publication en ligne : 11/02/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpaa003 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95899 [article]

Validation of terrestrial laser scanning data using conventional forest inventory methods / Taye Mengesha in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 134 n° 2 (March 2015)  

Public [article]  inEuropean Journal of Forest Research > vol 134 n° 2 (March 2015) . - pp 211 - 222 Titre : Validation of terrestrial laser scanning data using conventional forest inventory methods Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Taye Mengesha, Auteur ; Michael Hawkins, Auteur ; Maarten Nieuwenhuis, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 211 - 222 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Lasergrammétrie [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] données lidar [Termes IGN] données localisées 3D [Termes IGN] hauteur des arbres [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier (techniques et méthodes) [Termes IGN] Irlande [Termes IGN] Picea sitchensis [Termes IGN] placette d'échantillonnage [Termes IGN] semis de points [Termes IGN] télémétrie laser terrestre Résumé : (auteur) The application of terrestrial laser scanning (TLS) in capturing forest inventory parameters such as diameter at breast height, height and diameters along stem profiles, and in monitoring forest growth, was investigated and validated by comparison with conventionally measured individual tree parameters and plot-level forest growth in a stand of Sitka spruce (Picea sitchensis (Bong.) Carr.) in Ireland. The data acquisition for all the plots with different tree sizes and different slopes was carried out using a terrestrial laser scanner (FARO LS 800 HE80) in November 2007 and November 2009, using the same plot centres and measurement procedures. The point cloud data were processed with Autostem™ software. The results showed that TLS enables the acquisition of forest stand parameters with an acceptable accuracy. Pruning of the lower branches did not improve tree recognition and the number of (partly) occluded trees stayed the same. Over the 2-year period, the average difference between the volume increment of the trees visible to the scanner derived using the conventional method and Autostem™ was 4.77 m3 ha−1 and resulted in scanner-derived estimates that were lower than the estimates obtained by conventional method by 6.1 %. Using a simple correction factor to account for occlusion in the laser scanner data, the difference between these estimates for all trees in the stand became an over-estimation by 6.96 m3 ha−1 (8.1 %). At heights up along the stems >15 m, the errors in stem diameter estimates started to escalate. Numéro de notice : A2015-186 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET/IMAGERIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10342-014-0844-0l Date de publication en ligne : 21/09/2014 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-014-0844-0l Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=75956 [article]