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Forest inventory-based assessments of the invasion risk of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco and Quercus rubra L. in Germany / A. Bindewald in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 140 n° 4 (August 2021)  

Public [article]  inEuropean Journal of Forest Research > vol 140 n° 4 (August 2021) . - pp 883 - 899 Titre : Forest inventory-based assessments of the invasion risk of Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco and Quercus rubra L. in Germany Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : A. Bindewald, Auteur ; S. Miocic, Auteur ; A. Wedler, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 883 - 899 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Allemagne [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] espèce exotique envahissante [Termes IGN] gestion forestière [Termes IGN] habitat forestier [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes IGN] Pseudotsuga menziesii [Termes IGN] Quercus rubra [Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture) [Termes IGN] zone tampon [Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestier Résumé : (auteur) In Europe, some non-native tree species (NNT) are classified as invasive because they have spread into semi-natural habitats. Yet, available risk assessment protocols are often based on a few limited case studies with unknown representativeness and uncertain data quality. This is particularly problematic when negative impacts of NNT are confined to particular ecosystems or processes, whilst providing valuable ecosystem services elsewhere. Here, we filled this knowledge gap and assessed invasion risks of two controversially discussed NNT in Germany (Quercus rubra L., Pseudotsuga menziesii (Mirb.) Franco) for broad forest types using large scale inventory data. For this purpose, establishment success of natural regeneration was quantified in terms of cover and height classes. The current extent of spread into protected forest habitats was investigated in south-west Germany using regional data. Establishment was most successful at sites where the NNT are abundant in the canopy and where sufficient light is available in the understory. Natural regeneration of both NNT was observed in 0.3% of the total area of protected habitats. In forest habitats with sufficient light in the understory and competitively inferior tree species, there is a risk that Douglas fir and red oak cause changes in species composition in the absence of management interventions. The installation of buffer zones and regular removal of unwanted regeneration could minimize such risks for protected areas. Our study showed that forest inventories can provide valuable data for comparing the establishment risk of NNT amongst ecosystem types, regions or jurisdictions. This information can be improved by recording the abundance and developmental stage of widespread NNT, particularly in semi-natural ecosystems. Numéro de notice : A2021-718 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10342-021-01373-0 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10342-021-01373-0 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98635 [article]

Is the seasonal variation in frost resistance and plant performance in four oak species affected by changing temperatures? / Maggie Preißer in Forests, vol 12 n° 3 (March 2021)  

Public [article]  inForests > vol 12 n° 3 (March 2021) . - n° 369 Titre : Is the seasonal variation in frost resistance and plant performance in four oak species affected by changing temperatures? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Maggie Preißer, Auteur ; Solveig Franziska Bucher, Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : n° 369 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] fluorescence [Termes IGN] gelée [Termes IGN] Leaf Area Index [Termes IGN] photosynthèse [Termes IGN] Quercus (genre) [Termes IGN] Quercus ilex [Termes IGN] Quercus rubra [Termes IGN] teneur en chlorophylle des feuilles [Termes IGN] variation saisonnière [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Research Highlights: We found seasonal variation in frost resistance (FR) and plant performance which were affected by growth temperature. This helps to better understand ecophysiological processes in the light of climate change. Background and Objectives: FR and photosynthesis are important plant characteristics that vary with the season. The aim of this study was to find out whether there is a seasonal variation in FR, photosynthetic CO2 assimilation rates and leaf functional traits associated with performance such as specific leaf area (SLA), leaf dry matter content (LDMC), chlorophyll content, stomatal characteristics and leaf thickness in two evergreen and two deciduous species, and whether this is influenced by different temperature treatments. Additionally, the trade-off between FR and photosynthetic performance, and the influence of leaf functional traits was analyzed. By understanding these processes better, predicting species behavior concerning plant performance and its changes under varying climate regimes can be improved. Materials and Methods: 40 individuals of four oak species were measured weekly over the course of ten months with one half of the trees exposed to frost in winter and the other half protected in the green house. Two of these species were evergreen (Quercus ilex L., Quercus rhysophylla Weath.), and two were deciduous (Quercus palustris L., Quercus rubra L.). We measured FR, the maximum assimilation rate at light saturation under ambient CO2 concentrations (Amax), chlorophyll fluorescence and the leaf functional traits SLA, LDMC, stomatal pore area index (SPI), chlorophyll content (Chl) and leaf thickness. Results: All parameters showed a significant species-specific seasonal variation. There was a difference in all traits investigated between evergreen and deciduous species and between the two temperature treatments. Individuals that were protected from frost in winter showed higher photosynthesis values as well as SLA and Chl, whereas individuals exposed to frost had overall higher FR, LDMC, SPI and leaf thickness. A trade-off between FR and SLA, rather than FR and photosynthetic performance was found. Numéro de notice : A2021-323 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.3390/f12030369 Date de publication en ligne : 20/03/2021 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f12030369 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=97542 [article]

Range-wide demographic patterns in European forests along climatic marginality gradients : An approach using national forest inventories / Alexandre Changenet (2021)  

Public Titre : Range-wide demographic patterns in European forests along climatic marginality gradients : An approach using national forest inventories Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Alexandre Changenet, Auteur ; Marta Benito-Garzon, Directeur de thèse ; Annabel J. Porté, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Bordeaux : Université de Bordeaux Année de publication : 2021 Importance : 305 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie Thèse présentée pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de l'Université de Bordeaux, Ecologie évolutive, fonctionnelle et des communautés Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Allemagne [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] écologie forestière [Termes IGN] écosystème forestier [Termes IGN] Espagne [Termes IGN] espèce exotique envahissante [Termes IGN] Finlande [Termes IGN] gradient de marginalité climatique [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier étranger (données) [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France) [Termes IGN] mortalité [Termes IGN] Quercus rubra [Termes IGN] répartition géographique [Termes IGN] Robinia pseudoacacia [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] Suède [Termes IGN] Wallonie (Belgique) [Vedettes matières IGN] Inventaire forestier Index. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) Modern climate change is reshaping species distributions, particularly on slow shifting organisms such as trees. Forests composition is therefore expected to change in the coming decades, which will alter ecosystem functions and biodiversity, with negative ecological and societal consequences for the planet.Tree distribution depends on several demographic traits such as recruitment, growth and mortality that interact across large climatic gradients. Yet, mortality is rising in all forested biomes in the world. In Europe for instance, forest mortality increases towards the climatic trailing edge of the species ranges as a response to drought. These high mortality rates are usually related to a lack of recruitment, which may induce vegetation shifts, but also opening new opportunities for the establishment of exotic invasive species. As demographic trait responses to climate vary across and within species, understanding trait interactions along large climatic gradients is crucial to better predict the impact of climate change on forest productivity, composition and range-shift dynamics.In this work I analyzed tree mortality and recruitment patterns of twenty of the most common native species and two exotic species in European forests and their triggered drivers. To this aim, I used data of 2 million trees from 153 892 plots measured in the National Forest Inventories from France, Spain, Germany, Belgium (Wallonia), Sweden and Finland.In the first chapter, I analyzed tree mortality and showed that the highest mortality occurrence happens in the climatic trailing edge, driven by drought, whereas the intensity of mortality is triggered by competition, drought and high temperatures and was uniformly scattered across species ranges. In addition, the occurrence of mortality was the highest in the trailing edge of temperate species and the lowest in the leading edge for half of the Mediterranean species.In the second chapter I analyzed tree recruitment, showing that for most species, there are no differences in recruitment across species ranges. Recruitment was strongly limited by competition and often depended on age, or growth rate of the plot. Surprisingly, the role of drought in tree recruitment only was evident in interaction with tree competition.In the third chapter, I assessed the invasiveness of two exotic invasive species, Quercus rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia. My results showed that both species are able to recruit new individuals under all other species canopies, to become dominant at the expanse of many trees species and suggested that they are both expanding their ranges northwards and southwards, in part because they are relatively less sensitive to drought than the other species.All together, my results highlight that trees sensitivity to current climate change is trait-dependent and differs across species ranges. The southern part of the species ranges can be shaped by drought-induced mortality, while recruitment is much less affected by drought. This different sensitivity to climate of tree mortality and recruitment suggests that recruitment could counteract the negative effects of climate change to a certain extent and that forests might be more resilient than what was previously thought. Yet, the exotic species expansion is less affected by the surrounding environment than Mediterranean and temperate species and could benefit from climate warming. Hence, the potential help of recruitment for in-situ species range persistence, and the management strategies which could help forests to mitigate future climate change remains to be explored. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction 2- Methods 3- Occurence but not intensity of mortality rises towards the climatic trailing edge of tree species ranges in European forests 4- Recruitment in European forests is more limited by competition than drought 5- Increase of invasiveness of Quercus rubra and Robinia pseudoacacia in European forests: an approach using National Forest Inventories 6- General discussion and conclusion Numéro de notice : 28483 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Ecologie évolutive, fonctionnelle et des communautés : Bordeaux : 2021 Organisme de stage : Laboratoire Biodiversité, Gènes & Communautés DOI : sans En ligne : https://hal.science/tel-03462635/ Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99187

Chloroplast haplotypes of Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) stands in Germany suggest their origin from Northeastern Canada / Jeremias Götz in Forests, vol 11 n° 9 (September 2020)  

Public [article]  inForests > vol 11 n° 9 (September 2020) . - n° 1025 Titre : Chloroplast haplotypes of Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) stands in Germany suggest their origin from Northeastern Canada Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jeremias Götz, Auteur ; Konstantin V. Krutovsky, Auteur ; Ludger Leinemann, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : n° 1025 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Allemagne [Termes IGN] arbre aléatoire minimum [Termes IGN] Canada [Termes IGN] génétique forestière [Termes IGN] gestion forestière durable [Termes IGN] Quercus rubra [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) is one of the most important foreign tree species in Germany and considered as a major candidate for prospective sustainable forestry in the face of climate change. Therefore, Q. rubra was subject of many previous studies on its growth traits and attempts to infer the origin of various populations of this species using nuclear and chloroplast DNA markers. However, the exact geographic origin of German red oak stands has still not been identified. Its native range widely extends over North America, and the species can tolerate a broad range of environmental conditions. We genotyped individual trees in 85 populations distributed in Germany and North America using five chloroplast microsatellite and three novel chloroplast CAPS markers, resulting in the identification of 29 haplotypes. The new marker set enabled the identification of several new red oak haplotypes with restricted geographic origin. Some very rare haplotypes helped us narrow down the origin of Q. rubra stands in Germany, especially some stands from North Rhine-Westphalia, to the northern part of the species’ natural distribution area including the Peninsula of Nova Scotia, where the most similar haplotype composition was observed, compared to distinct German stands. Numéro de notice : A2020-751 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/f11091025 Date de publication en ligne : 22/09/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/f11091025 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96427 [article]

Ecology and management of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L. syn. Q. borealis F. Michx.) in Europe: a review / Valeriu-Norocel Nicolescu in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 93 n° 4 (July 2020)  

Public [article]  inForestry, an international journal of forest research > vol 93 n° 4 (July 2020) . - pp 481 - 494 Titre : Ecology and management of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L. syn. Q. borealis F. Michx.) in Europe: a review Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Valeriu-Norocel Nicolescu, Auteur ; Torsten Vor, Auteur ; William L. Mason, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Article en page(s) : pp 481 - 494 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] diamètre des arbres [Termes IGN] éclaircie (sylviculture) [Termes IGN] écologie forestière [Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique) [Termes IGN] gestion forestière [Termes IGN] Quercus rubra [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L. syn. Q. borealis F. Michx.) is a valuable broadleaved tree species originating from the eastern half of the USA and Canada. It was introduced to Europe in 1691 and currently covers over 350 000 ha, being found all over the continent, except the coldest part of Scandinavia. It is a fast-growing and valuable broadleaved tree due to its ecological characteristics, good wood properties and high economic value. Northern red oak prefers deep, loose, moderately humid and acid soils, without compact horizons and of at least moderate fertility. It does not grow well on dry, calcareous soils as well as waterlogged or poorly drained soils. It is either naturally regenerated using a group shelterwood system or planted using seedlings of European provenance, collected in certified seed stands. As northern red oak is light-demanding, its management should be ‘dynamic’ and includes heavy interventions (cleaning–respacing and thinning from above), in order to minimize crown competition between the final crop trees. These should produce large diameter trees for valuable end uses (e.g. veneer, solid furniture, lumber, etc.) within a rotation period generally of 80–100 years. The necessity for pruning (both formative and high) depends on the stand stocking at establishment, the subsequent silvicultural interventions as well as the occurrence of forking. The adaptation potential of northern red oak to predicted climate change, especially drought, seems to be higher than for European native oaks, the importance of the species is expected to increase in the future. Numéro de notice : A2020-569 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1093/forestry/cpy032 Date de publication en ligne : 04/07/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpy032 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=95897 [article]

Genetic variation of introduced red oak (Quercus rubra) stands in Germany compared to North American populations / Tim Pettenkofer in European Journal of Forest Research, vol 139 n° 2 (April 2020)  

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Effects of Quercus rubra L. on soil properties and humus forms in 50-year-old and 80-year-old forest stands of Lombardy plain / Chiara Ferré in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 77 n° 1 (March 2020)  

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How much does climate change threaten European forest tree species distributions? / Marcin K. Dyderski in Global change biology, vol 24 n° 3 (March 2018)  

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The dynamics of northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) in managed forests of central Poland / Damian Głowacki in Forest research papers, vol 77 n° 1 (March 2016)  

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Drought susceptibility and recovery of transplanted Quercus rubra seedlings in relation to root system morphology / Douglass F. Jacobs in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 66 n° 5 (July - August 2009)  

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