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Desiccation does not increase frost resistance of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) seeds / Paweł Chmielarz in Annals of Forest Science, vol 79 n° 1 (2022)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 79 n° 1 (2022) . - n° 3 Titre : Desiccation does not increase frost resistance of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) seeds Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Paweł Chmielarz, Auteur ; Jan Suszka, Auteur ; Mikołaj Krzysztof Wawrzyniak, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 3 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] gelée [Termes IGN] germination [Termes IGN] Quercus pedunculata [Termes IGN] semence [Termes IGN] stockage [Termes IGN] teneur en eau de la végétation [Vedettes matières IGN] Botanique Résumé : (Auteur) Key message: Decreasing acorns moisture content does not significantly increase the frost resistance of pedunculate oak seeds. Slight reduction in acorn moisture content below the relatively high, optimal level decreased seed survival at temperatures below − 5 °C. The limiting temperature for pedunculate oak’s acorns below which they lose their ability to germinate is about − 10 °C. Context: Seed moisture content plays an important role in successful seed storage of many species, as desiccation increases frost resistance; however, oak seeds tolerate desiccation only to a very small extent. Aims: In our study, we examined the impact of decreasing moisture content in acorns of pedunculate oak (Quercus robur L.) on their frost resistance (below − 3 °C) and the growth of seedling derived from frozen seeds. Methods: Germination and seedling emergence of individual seeds, as well as the dry mass of their 3-month-old seedlings, were measured after acorn desiccation (24–40%, fresh weight basis) and desiccation followed by freezing at temperatures from − 3 °C to − 18 °C for 2 weeks. Results: Decreasing acorns moisture content did not significantly increase the frost resistance of pedunculate oak seeds. The lowest temperature at which at least half seeds remain viable was − 10 °C. Slight acorns desiccation had only a small positive effect on seeds frozen below − 11 °C (down to − 13 °C), but in this case (acorn moisture content of 33%), low germinability after freezing made storage uneconomic because of the high mortality of seeds. Germinated seeds after desiccation and freezing showed no significant difference in later growth. Conclusion: Fresh pedunculate oak seed can survive freezing temperature down to − 10 °C and produce good quality seedlings. Temperatures around − 11° to − 13 °C are near lethal to acorns and significantly reduce their viability. Overall, desiccation does not increase their frost resistance; therefore, in practice, it is important to keep acorns during a cold storage in the highly hydrated state. Numéro de notice : A2022-069 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1186/s13595-022-01121-3 Date de publication en ligne : 24/02/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1186/s13595-022-01121-3 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100014 [article]

The effects of fire on Pinus sylvestris L. as determined by dendroecological analysis (Sierra de Gredos, Spain) / Mar Génova in iForest, biogeosciences and forestry, vol 15 n° 3 (June 2022)  

Public [article]  iniForest, biogeosciences and forestry > vol 15 n° 3 (June 2022) . - pp 171 - 178 Titre : The effects of fire on Pinus sylvestris L. as determined by dendroecological analysis (Sierra de Gredos, Spain) Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Mar Génova, Auteur ; Paula Ortega, Auteur ; Enrique Sadornil, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 171 - 178 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse diachronique [Termes IGN] cerne [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] dendrochronologie [Termes IGN] données météorologiques [Termes IGN] Espagne [Termes IGN] incendie de forêt [Termes IGN] Pinus sylvestris [Vedettes matières IGN] Botanique Résumé : (auteur) Iberian populations of Scots pine (Pinus sylvestris L.) have been declining since the late-glacial period; among those that remain, relict stands have great biological and ecological value. This paper investigates the effects of a 2009 fire on tree growth in one of these small populations in the Sierra de Gredos (Spain) by examining the responses recorded in the tree-ring width series of the surviving trees. The current status and distribution of these surviving trees reveal the severity of the fire; indeed most show scars or other evidence of fire damage. Dendroecological analysis revealed narrower tree rings, indicating negative pointer years for the year of the fire and the following year. A very significant reduction in growth was recorded for the years after the fire, both in terms of tree-ring width and basal area increment; incomplete and even absent rings were also recorded. No relationship was seen between these effects and climatic events. The dates and geographical extension of former possible disturbances were also investigated, using the data from these same trees plus information collected from others in the region. The vulnerability of these populations to past fires was evident. Lastly, given the problems affecting the regeneration of these relict populations, it is strongly suggested to urgently include all these populations in conservation and environmental management programs. Numéro de notice : A2022-569 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtSansCL DOI : 10.3832/ifor3727-015 Date de publication en ligne : 09/05/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3832/ifor3727-015 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101255 [article]

Genome-wide evolutionary response of European oaks during the Anthropocene / Dounia Saleh in Evolution letters, vol 6 n° 1 (February 2022)  

Public [article]  inEvolution letters > vol 6 n° 1 (February 2022) . - pp 4 - 20 Titre : Genome-wide evolutionary response of European oaks during the Anthropocene Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Dounia Saleh, Auteur ; Jun Chen, Auteur ; Jean-Charles Leple, Auteur ; Thibault Leroy, Auteur ; Laura Truffaut, Auteur ; Benjamin Dencausse, Auteur ; Céline Lalanne, Auteur ; Karine Labadie, Auteur ; Isabelle Lesur, Auteur ; Didier Bert, Auteur ; Frédéric Lagane, Auteur ; François Morneau , Auteur ; Jean-Marc Aury, Auteur ; Christophe Plomion, Auteur ; Martin Lascoux, Auteur ; Antoine Kremer, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Projets : 3-projet - voir note / Article en page(s) : pp 4 - 20 Note générale : bibliographie This research was supported by the European Research Council through an Advanced Grant (project TREEPEACE # FP7-339728), by France Génomique (project EVOL-OAK, ANR-10-INBS-09-08), and by the French Forest Service (ONF) (INRAE-ONF TREEPEACE contract). Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dix-huitième siècle [Termes IGN] dix-neuvième siècle [Termes IGN] France (géographie physique) [Termes IGN] génétique forestière [Termes IGN] Quercus sessiliflora [Termes IGN] vingt-et-unième siècle [Termes IGN] vingtième siècle [Vedettes matières IGN] Botanique Résumé : (auteur) The pace of tree microevolution during Anthropocene warming is largely unknown. We used a retrospective approach to monitor genomic changes in oak trees since the Little Ice Age (LIA). Allelic frequency changes were assessed from whole-genome pooled sequences for four age-structured cohorts of sessile oak (Quercus petraea) dating back to 1680, in each of three different oak forests in France. The genetic covariances of allelic frequency changes increased between successive time periods, highlighting genome-wide effects of linked selection. We found imprints of parallel linked selection in the three forests during the late LIA, and a shift of selection during more recent time periods of the Anthropocene. The changes in allelic covariances within and between forests mirrored the documented changes in the occurrence of extreme events (droughts and frosts) over the last 300 years. The genomic regions with the highest covariances were enriched in genes involved in plant responses to pathogens and abiotic stresses (temperature and drought). These responses are consistent with the reported sequence of frost (or drought) and disease damage ultimately leading to the oak dieback after extreme events. They provide support for adaptive evolution of long-lived species during recent climatic changes. Although we acknowledge that other sources (e.g., gene flow, generation overlap) may have contributed to temporal covariances of allelic frequency changes, the consistent and correlated response across the three forests lends support to the existence of a systematic driving force such as natural selection. Numéro de notice : A2022-076 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : BIODIVERSITE/FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1002/evl3.269 Date de publication en ligne : 05/01/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1002/evl3.269 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=99572 [article]

A limited number of species is sufficient to assign a vegetation plot to a forest vegetation unit / Lise Maciejewski in Applied Vegetation Science, vol 25 n° 1 (January/March 2022)  

Public [article]  inApplied Vegetation Science > vol 25 n° 1 (January/March 2022) . - n° e12650 Titre : A limited number of species is sufficient to assign a vegetation plot to a forest vegetation unit Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Lise Maciejewski, Auteur ; Paulina E. Pinto, Auteur ; Stéphanie Wurpillot , Auteur ; Jacques Drapier , Auteur ; Serge Cadet, Auteur ; Serge Muller, Auteur ; Pierre Agou, Auteur ; Benoit Renaux, Auteur ; Jean-Claude Gégout, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Projets : ARBRE / AgroParisTech (2007 -) Article en page(s) : n° e12650 Note générale : bibliographie This study was supported by the French National Institute for Agricultural, Food and Environmental Research (Forest Grassland and Freshwater Ecology Department, EFPA) through the ONF- INRAE Interface Grant N° 12000381 ‘Station, distribution, croissance et choix des essences dans un contexte environnemental changeant’, and by the French National Research Agency (ANR) through the Laboratory of Excellence ARBRE (ANR-12-LABXARBRE-01). Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] France (administrative) [Termes IGN] phytosociologie [Termes IGN] unité phytosociologique [Vedettes matières IGN] Botanique Résumé : (auteur) Aims : Inventorying the habitats composing Natura 2000 sites is mandatory in the European Union and is necessary to implement relevant conservation measures. Vegetation plots, recording the presence or abundance of all plant species co-occurring within a plot, are currently used to identify terrestrial Natura 2000 habitat types, whose descriptions are mainly based on phytosociological units. However, vegetation plots are time-consuming and frequently restricted to the growing season. Moreover, no vegetation plots can be regarded as exhaustive, and significant inter-observer variation has been highlighted. We studied whether reducing the number of recorded species and the time spent carrying out a vegetation plot had an impact on vegetation unit assignment using species presence. We also studied if vegetation plots recorded in winter could be used for vegetation unit assignment. Location : Mainland France. Methods : We used 273 vegetation plots covering French temperate and mountainous forests. The time at which species were sighted was recorded. We also estimated whether a species was recognisable in winter. We used a classification program to compare assignments based on complete and incomplete vegetation plots. Results : Ten species and five minutes were sufficient to assign a plot to an association, and to an alliance, seven species and four minutes. Vegetation unit assignment proved feasible in winter, especially at the alliance level. Conclusions : We confirmed that a limited number of species is sufficient to assign vegetation plots to vegetation units. However, mapping habitats requires habitat identification and delimitation. This study confirms current field habits, particularly when creating a habitat map, usually based on a limited number of recorded species. Lastly, it confirms that the use of vegetation plots coming from a great variety of sources is relevant to create habitat time series, crucial tools for monitoring habitats at a national scale. Numéro de notice : A2022-455 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/avsc.12650 Date de publication en ligne : 26/02/2022 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/avsc.12650 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101086 [article]

Les forêts de pins d’Alep du massif de la Clape / Clara Gritti (2022) 

Public Titre : Les forêts de pins d’Alep du massif de la Clape Type de document : Rapport Auteurs : Clara Gritti, Auteur ; Sébastien Delhaye , Auteur ; Olivier Argagnon, Auteur Editeur : Porquerolles : Conservatoire botanique national méditerranéen de Porquerolles Année de publication : 2022 Autre Editeur : Saint-Mandé : Institut national de l'information géographique et forestière - IGN (2012-) Importance : 43 p. Note générale : bibliographie édité par Conservatoire botanique national méditerranéen, Centre d’Écologie Fonctionnelle et Évolutive (CNRS) et Institut national de l’information géographique et forestière Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Aude (11) [Termes IGN] classification ascendante hiérarchique [Termes IGN] phytosociologie [Termes IGN] pineraie [Termes IGN] Pinus halepensis [Termes IGN] Quercus ilex [Vedettes matières IGN] Botanique Résumé : (auteur) Les forêts de pins d’Alep (Pinus halepensis Mill.) sont très répandues dans le midi de la France. Pourtant, les connaissances sont encore lacunaires à leur sujet. Dans le site Natura 2000 « Massif de la Clape », sur le littoral audois, les particularités des forêts de pins d’Alep sont étudiées en détails. Une attention particulière est portée à la question de la dynamique de ces forêts, réputées pour être l’un des rares cas de pinèdes climaciques sous nos latitudes. Des relevés phytosociologiques de terrain et des paramètres topographiques et lithologiques sont mis à profit pour approfondir les connaissances sur les caractéristiques floristiques et écologiques de ces forêts. Une classification hiérarchique ascendante met en évidence trois groupes de forêts distincts à l’échelle locale. La même méthode est appliquée à l’échelle de la région méditerranéenne continentale française, pour laquelle six groupes distincts sont identifiés. On peut ainsi replacer les pinèdes du massif de la Clape au sein de leur contexte régional. Finalement, il s’avère que les forêts de la Clape s’inscrivent dans la série de végétation du chêne vert (Quercus ilex L.), comme la plupart des peuplements de la région. Rien ne prouve qu’elles aient atteint un climax. Note de contenu : Introduction Matériel et méthode Résultats Discussion et conclusion Numéro de notice : 14330 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (2020- ) Thématique : FORET Nature : Rapport d'étude technique nature-HAL : Rapport DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=102917

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