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Estimation of ash mortality induced by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in France and Belgium / Benoît Marçais in Baltic forestry, vol 23 n° 1 ([01/01/2017])  

Public [article]  inBaltic forestry > vol 23 n° 1 [01/01/2017] . - pp 159 - 167 Titre : Estimation of ash mortality induced by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus in France and Belgium Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Benoît Marçais, Auteur ; Claude Husson, Auteur ; Olivier Caël, Auteur ; Arnaud Dowkiw, Auteur Année de publication : 2017 Article en page(s) : pp 159 - 167 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] arbre mort [Termes IGN] Belgique [Termes IGN] diamètre à hauteur de poitrine [Termes IGN] foresterie [Termes IGN] France (administrative) [Termes IGN] Fraxinus angustifolia [Termes IGN] Fraxinus excelsior [Termes IGN] Fungi [Termes IGN] maladie phytosanitaire [Termes IGN] mortalité [Vedettes matières IGN] Sylviculture Résumé : (auteur) Ash dieback induced by Hymenoscyphus fraxineus has emerged as one of the most serious health problem for European forests in the last ten years. However, precise estimation of the mortality induced by the pathogen is still scarce and this hampers management of affected stands. In this work, we used data of several surveys done since 2010 in France and Belgium to estimate the mortality rate associated with ash decline depending on the time of the pathogen presence in the area; for that a 2 steps procedure was used. First, we did an estimation of the frequency and severity of collar lesions associated with H. fraxineus depending on the length of the pathogen presence and for 2 trees size classes (lower or higher than 25 cm dbh). Then the annual mortality rate was estimated depending on collar lesion severity, dbh class (lower or higher than 25 cm) and time since pathogen presence. The global mortality induced by H. fraxineus was computed from those 2 types of data by a bootstrap approach. Additionally one survey observing young stands was used from which mortality was computed directly. We find that if mortality is drastic in very young ash stand affected by H. fraxineus (less than 5 cm dbh), with annual mortality reaching 35% 5-6 years after arrival of the pathogen in the stand, it is much more moderate for trees with dbh above 25 cm, with annual mortality reaching 3.2% after 8-9 years of pathogen presence. Annual mortality rates are intermediate for trees in the 5-25 cm dbh class and reached 10-11% after 8-9 years of pathogen presence. Numéro de notice : A2017-901 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : sans En ligne : https://balticforestry.lammc.lt/bf/PDF_Articles/2017-23%5B1%5D/Baltic%20Forestry [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93360 [article]

Interactive effects of drought and pathogens in forest trees / Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 597 - 612 Titre : Interactive effects of drought and pathogens in forest trees Titre original : Interactions entre sécheresse et agents pathogènes chez les arbres forestiers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Auteur ; Benoît Marçais, Auteur ; Louis-Michel Nageleisen, Auteur ; Dominique Piou, Auteur ; Andrea Vannini, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 597 - 612 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dépérissement [Termes IGN] forêt [Termes IGN] maladie phytosanitaire [Termes IGN] sécheresse [Termes IGN] stress hydrique [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (Auteur) This review synthesizes the available knowledge on drought-disease interactions in forest trees with a focus on (1) evidence and patterns of drought-disease interactions, (2) current understanding of processes and mechanisms, and (3) three well documented cases studies. The first part is based on the analysis of a database of slightly more than one hundred studies, obtained by keyword searches combining drought, diseases or pathogens, and forest trees. A large majority of published studies referred to a positive association between drought and disease, i.e. disease favoured by drought or drought and disease acting synergistically on tree health status, with a predominance of canker/dieback diseases, caused by pathogens like Botryosphaeria, Sphaeropsis, Cytospora and Biscognauxia (Hypoxylon). The type of disease-related variables (incidence vs. severity) and the intensity and timing of water stress were shown to be significant factors affecting the drought- infection interaction. Interactions with other abiotic stresses and species-specific and genetic effects, related to host or pathogen, have also been reported. Direct effects of drought on pathogens are generally negative, although most fungal pathogens exhibit an important plasticity and can grow at water potentials well below the minimum for growth of their host plants. Studies on indirect effects of drought on pathogens through other community interactions are still relatively scarce. Positive drought-infection effects can mostly be explained by indirect effects of drought on host physiology. The predisposition and the multiple stress hypotheses are presented, as well as recent developments in the study of the molecular basis of abiotic and biotic stress, and their interactions. Sphaeropsis sapinea on pines, Biscognauxia mediterranea on oaks and root pathogens in declines associated with drought provide illustrative examples, treated as case studies, of pathogens of current significance associated with drought. The conclusion highlights some knowledge gaps, e.g. the role of latent parasites and the shift to a pathogenic stage, or the genetics of some fungal groups. The need for prevention of pathogen dispersal, especially crucial in the case of latent pathogens, is emphasized. Numéro de notice : A2006-667 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006040 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006040 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72724 [article]

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Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
IFN-001-P000644	PER	Revue	Nogent-sur-Vernisson	Archives périodiques	Exclu du prêt