Détail de l'auteur
Auteur Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau
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UMR Biogeco, INRA-Bordeaux
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Documents disponibles écrits par cet auteur (4)
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Is Xylella fastidiosa a serious threat to European forests? / Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau in Forestry, an international journal of forest research, vol 94 n° 1 (January 2021)
[article]
Titre : Is Xylella fastidiosa a serious threat to European forests? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Auteur ; Yialmaz Balci, Auteur ; Daniele Cornara, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2021 Article en page(s) : pp 1 - 17 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] Acer pseudoplatanus
[Termes IGN] Amérique du nord
[Termes IGN] dépérissement
[Termes IGN] écosystème forestier
[Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique)
[Termes IGN] Italie
[Termes IGN] maladie bactérienne
[Termes IGN] Olea europaea
[Termes IGN] Quercus (genre)
[Termes IGN] Ulmus (genre)
[Termes IGN] viticulture
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) The recent emergence of Olive Quick Decline Syndrome in Italy, caused by Xylella fastidiosa, has drawn attention to the risks posed by this vector-borne bacterium to important crops in Europe (especially fruit trees and grapevine). Comparatively very little is known on actual and potential impacts of this pathogen in forests, in the native (North American) and introduced (European) regions, respectively. The present review aims to address important questions related to the threat posed by X. fastidiosa to European forests, such as the following: What are the symptoms, hosts and impact of bacterial leaf scorch caused by X. fastidiosa on trees in North America? Which forest tree species have been found infected in the introduction area in Europe? How does X. fastidiosa cause disease in susceptible hosts? Are there any X. fastidiosa genotypes (subspecies and sequence types) specifically associated with forest trees? How is X. fastidiosa transmitted? What are the known and potential vectors for forest trees? How does vector ecology affect disease? Is the distribution of X. fastidiosa, especially the strains associated with trees, restricted by climatic factors? Is disease risk for trees different in forest ecosystems as compared with urban settings? We conclude by pointing to important knowledge gaps related to all these questions and strongly advocate for more research about the Xylella-forest pathosystems, in both North America and Europe. Numéro de notice : A2021-072 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1093/forestry/cpaa029 Date de publication en ligne : 06/08/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1093/forestry/cpaa029 Format de la ressource électronique : url article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=96805
in Forestry, an international journal of forest research > vol 94 n° 1 (January 2021) . - pp 1 - 17[article]An evolutionary ecology perspective to address forest pathology challenges of today and tomorrow / Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau in Annals of Forest Science, vol 73 n° 1 (March 2016)
[article]
Titre : An evolutionary ecology perspective to address forest pathology challenges of today and tomorrow Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Auteur ; Jaime Aguayo, Auteur ; Cyril Dutech, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 45 - 67 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] biologie
[Termes IGN] changement climatique
[Termes IGN] étude d'impact
[Termes IGN] gestion durable
[Termes IGN] plantation forestière
[Termes IGN] risque naturel
[Termes IGN] sylviculture
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (auteur) Key message : Increasing human impacts on forests, including unintentional movement of pathogens, climate change, and large-scale intensive plantations, are associated with an unprecedented rate of new diseases. An evolutionary ecology perspective can help address these challenges and provide direction for sustainable forest management.
Context : Forest pathology has historically relied on an ecological approach to understand and address the practical management of forest diseases. A widening of this perspective to include evolutionary considerations has been increasingly developed in response to the rising rates of genetic change in both pathogen populations and tree populations due to human activities.
Aims : Here, five topics for which the evolutionary perspective is especially relevant are highlighted.
Results : The first relates to the evolutionary diversity of fungi and fungal-like organisms, with issues linked to the identification of species and their ecological niches. The second theme deals with the evolutionary processes that allow forest pathogens to adapt to new hosts after introductions or to become more virulent in homogeneous plantations. The third theme presents issues linked to disease resistance in tree breeding programs (e.g., growth-defense trade-offs) and proposes new criteria and methods for more durable resistance. The last two themes are dedicated to the biotic environment of the tree–pathogen system, namely, hyperparasites and tree microbiota, as possible solutions for health management.
Conclusion : We conclude by highlighting three major conceptual advances brought by evolutionary biology, i.e., that (i) “not everything is everywhere”, (ii) evolution of pathogen populations can occur on short time scales, and (iii) the tree is a multitrophic community. We further translate these into a framework for immediate policy recommendations and future directions for research.Numéro de notice : A2016-186 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-015-0487-4 Date de publication en ligne : 01/03/2016 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-015-0487-4 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80612
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 73 n° 1 (March 2016) . - pp 45 - 67[article]Oak powdery mildew changes growth patterns in its host tree: host tolerance response and potential manipulation of host physiology by the parasite / Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau in Annals of Forest Science, vol 71 n° 5 (July - August 2014)
[article]
Titre : Oak powdery mildew changes growth patterns in its host tree: host tolerance response and potential manipulation of host physiology by the parasite Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Auteur ; Gilles Saint-Jean, Auteur ; Benoît Barrès, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 563 - 573 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation
[Termes IGN] comportement
[Termes IGN] étude d'impact
[Termes IGN] maladie parasitaire
[Termes IGN] parasite (biologie)
[Termes IGN] phénologie
[Termes IGN] Quercus (genre)Résumé : (Auteur)
Context : Parasites can induce strong effects on their host’s growth, not only as a result of host resource exploitation (growth loss) but also with a potential adaptive value for host (tolerance response) and themselves (increased transmission).
Aims : We assessed these three types of phenotypic changes in oak seedlings infected by powdery mildew.
Methods : A manipulative field experiment with three levels of parasite inoculum was designed in order to tease apart infection from genetic effects on oak growth. Seedlings were monitored during 3 years for height growth, phenology and infection.
Results : Powdery mildew infection induced both significant growth loss and qualitative changes in plant architecture. The most striking and unexpected change was increased growth polycyclism in infected seedlings. This benefitted both the host as a form of compensation for infection-caused height loss, and the pathogen, by increasing sporulation.
Conclusion : The study highlights the effect of parasites in the expression of plant phenotypic traits, such as phenology and ultimately tree architecture. Both host tolerance and parasitic manipulation may be involved in the observed changes in growth patterns. These results suggest a complex interplay between development and defence in trees and emphasize the need to better assess tolerance mechanisms when considering the defence strategies of trees against pathogens.Numéro de notice : A2014-425 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-014-0364-6 Date de publication en ligne : 27/02/2014 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-014-0364-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=73963
in Annals of Forest Science > vol 71 n° 5 (July - August 2014) . - pp 563 - 573[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité 016-2014051 SL Revue Centre de documentation Revues en salle Exclu du prêt Interactive effects of drought and pathogens in forest trees / Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau in Annals of Forest Science, Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006)
[article]
Titre : Interactive effects of drought and pathogens in forest trees Titre original : Interactions entre sécheresse et agents pathogènes chez les arbres forestiers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Marie-Laure Desprez-Loustau, Auteur ; Benoît Marçais, Auteur ; Louis-Michel Nageleisen, Auteur ; Dominique Piou, Auteur ; Andrea Vannini, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : p. 597 - 612 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] dépérissement
[Termes IGN] forêt
[Termes IGN] maladie phytosanitaire
[Termes IGN] sécheresse
[Termes IGN] stress hydrique
[Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatiqueRésumé : (Auteur) This review synthesizes the available knowledge on drought-disease interactions in forest trees with a focus on (1) evidence and patterns of drought-disease interactions, (2) current understanding of processes and mechanisms, and (3) three well documented cases studies. The first part is based on the analysis of a database of slightly more than one hundred studies, obtained by keyword searches combining drought, diseases or pathogens, and forest trees. A large majority of published studies referred to a positive association between drought and disease, i.e. disease favoured by drought or drought and disease acting synergistically on tree health status, with a predominance of canker/dieback diseases, caused by pathogens like Botryosphaeria, Sphaeropsis, Cytospora and Biscognauxia (Hypoxylon). The type of disease-related variables (incidence vs. severity) and the intensity and timing of water stress were shown to be significant factors affecting the drought- infection interaction. Interactions with other abiotic stresses and species-specific and genetic effects, related to host or pathogen, have also been reported. Direct effects of drought on pathogens are generally negative, although most fungal pathogens exhibit an important plasticity and can grow at water potentials well below the minimum for growth of their host plants. Studies on indirect effects of drought on pathogens through other community interactions are still relatively scarce. Positive drought-infection effects can mostly be explained by indirect effects of drought on host physiology. The predisposition and the multiple stress hypotheses are presented, as well as recent developments in the study of the molecular basis of abiotic and biotic stress, and their interactions. Sphaeropsis sapinea on pines, Biscognauxia mediterranea on oaks and root pathogens in declines associated with drought provide illustrative examples, treated as case studies, of pathogens of current significance associated with drought. The conclusion highlights some knowledge gaps, e.g. the role of latent parasites and the shift to a pathogenic stage, or the genetics of some fungal groups. The need for prevention of pathogen dispersal, especially crucial in the case of latent pathogens, is emphasized. Numéro de notice : A2006-667 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1051/forest:2006040 Date de publication en ligne : 14/09/2006 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1051/forest:2006040 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=72724
in Annals of Forest Science > Vol 63 n° 6 (september 2006) . - p. 597 - 612[article]Exemplaires(1)
Code-barres Cote Support Localisation Section Disponibilité IFN-001-P000644 PER Revue Nogent-sur-Vernisson Archives périodiques Exclu du prêt