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Accuracy of GNSS RTK/NRTK height difference measurement / Robert Krzyzek in Applied geomatics, vol 14 n° 3 (September 2022)  

Public [article]  inApplied geomatics > vol 14 n° 3 (September 2022) . - pp 491 - 499 Titre : Accuracy of GNSS RTK/NRTK height difference measurement Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Robert Krzyzek, Auteur ; Jacek Kudrys, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : pp 491 - 499 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] hauteur ellipsoïdale [Termes IGN] positionnement cinématique en temps réel [Termes IGN] positionnement par GNSS [Termes IGN] précision du positionnement Résumé : (auteur) The absolute error of ellipsoidal heights that may be achieved from Real-Time Kinematic/Network Real-Time Kinematic Global Navigation Satellite Systems (RTK/NRTK GNSS) measurements varies between 3 and 5 cm. Although the vertical root mean square (RMS) error reported by receivers generally has smaller values, it can only be treated as a measure of the precision of the obtained results. Nowadays, real-time GNSS measurements are commonly used to implement surveys with increased accuracy. In some cases, it may be of concern to determine the height difference with real-time techniques than the height itself. The use of height difference may be applicable when a point with a known height is available. This offers the possibility of transferring the known height to a distant point using GNSS technology instead of geometric leveling, which is more labor-intensive. The aim of the study was to verify if achieving accuracy better than 2 cm in ellipsoidal height difference using RTK/NRTK GNSS is possible, providing special conditions of measurement. In this paper, the results of research consisting of RTK/NRTK measurement of specific points with fixed heights in various terrain conditions are presented. A single GNSS reference station was used as a base station to determine ellipsoidal height in RTK mode and Ground-Based Augmentation System (GBAS) for measurements in NRTK mode. Comparison of the ellipsoidal height difference to the results of precise leveling allows us to determine ellipsoidal height measurement errors. The measurements were carried out in open terrain, with the covered horizon (under trees) and in urbanized areas (high buildings). The method proposed by the authors in this paper does not require knowledge of the quasi-geoid model, neither normal correction to obtain measurement results. Numéro de notice : A2022-618 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s12518-022-00450-2 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s12518-022-00450-2 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=101378 [article]

The influence of application a simplified transformation model between reference frames ECEF and ECI onto prediction accuracy of position and velocity of GLONASS satellites / Robert Krzyzek in Reports on geodesy and geoinformatics, vol 99 (December 2015)  

Public [article]  inReports on geodesy and geoinformatics > vol 99 (December 2015) . - pp 19 - 27 Titre : The influence of application a simplified transformation model between reference frames ECEF and ECI onto prediction accuracy of position and velocity of GLONASS satellites Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Robert Krzyzek, Auteur ; Bogdan Skorupa, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 19 - 27 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] constellation GLONASS [Termes IGN] éphémérides de satellite [Termes IGN] orbitographie [Termes IGN] position [Termes IGN] prédiction [Termes IGN] système de référence géodésique [Termes IGN] transformation de coordonnées Résumé : (auteur) In computational tasks of satellite geodesy there is a need for transformation of coordinates between reference frames ECEF – Earth Centered, Earth Fixed and ECI – Earth Centered, Inertial. Strict and simplified transformation models, which can be used in case of the position and velocity short-term predictions of GLONASS satellites, have been presented in this study. Comparison of the results of state vector components predictions of the GLONASS satellites, in dependence of the used transformation model, have also been presented. Accuracy of the prediction has been determined on the basis of the analyse of deviations of the predicted positions and velocities of GLONASS satellites from their values given in broadcast ephemeris. Numéro de notice : A2015--021 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.2478/rgg-2015-0009 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2015-0009 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=80845 [article]

Precision analysis of Trimble Rtx surveying technology with Xfill function in the context of obtained conversion observations / Robert Krzyzek in Reports on geodesy and geoinformatics, vol 97 (December 2014)  

Public [article]  inReports on geodesy and geoinformatics > vol 97 (December 2014) . - pp 47 - 70 Titre : Precision analysis of Trimble Rtx surveying technology with Xfill function in the context of obtained conversion observations Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Robert Krzyzek, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 47 - 70 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Topographie [Termes IGN] conversion de données [Termes IGN] GPS en mode cinématique [Termes IGN] positionnement cinématique en temps réel [Termes IGN] transformation de coordonnées Résumé : (auteur) As a result of traditional geodetic surveying we usually achieve observations which are then used for calculating rectangular coordinates onto a plane along with precision evaluation. In this article the surveying methods are presented in which the situation is different. Test measurements were carried out, consisting in the measurement of a fragment of detailed control network in RTK (Real Time Kinematic) and RTX (Real Time Extended) mode with xFill function. First, the rectangular coordinates onto a plane (through the transformation of data ellipsoidal) were obtained, on the basis of which the conversion observations were determined and they were compared with each other, as well as with reference parameters - conversion observations out of detailed control network adjustment with use of the method of least squares. The results of the study allow to verify the precision and application possibilities of conversion observations obtained thanks to Trimble RTX technology with xFill function. Application of this surveying method in typical geodetic tasks is fully justifiable. Nevertheless, it is recommendable to be aware of the correlations of absolute or relative values obtained in RTX procedure to reference parameters, which in turn will enable conclusive verification of the possibilities of Trimble RTX technology application in certain geodetic surveys. Numéro de notice : A2014-700 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.2478/rgg-2014-0011 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.2478/rgg-2014-0011 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=75405 [article]

Modernization of the method of line-line intersection using RTN GNSS technology for determining the position of corners of buildings / Robert Krzyzek in Artificial satellites, vol 50 n° 1 (March 2015)  

Public [article]  inArtificial satellites > vol 50 n° 1 (March 2015) . - pp 41 - 58 Titre : Modernization of the method of line-line intersection using RTN GNSS technology for determining the position of corners of buildings Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Robert Krzyzek, Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 41 - 58 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Topographie [Termes IGN] angle [Termes IGN] bâtiment [Termes IGN] intersection spatiale Résumé : (auteur) Carrying out measurements of buildings with RTN GNSS technology in difficult environmental conditions appears to be a major challenge for many surveyors. Achieving the required accuracy of the position of a building structure is often a difficult, and sometimes even an impossible task to perform. This paper presents an innovative solution to increase the reliability of determining the coordinates of building corners, by modernizing the results obtained from the indirect method of measurement of line-line intersection by the socalled half-angle method. Generally speaking, the half-angle method is to verify the angular values in determined points (corners of buildings) from the method of intersection of the base point lines. Optimization of this method involves reducing deformation of a building, which has been determined in real time, taking into account only the classical method of line-line intersection. In order to obtain optimized measurement results, the conversion of the obtained results to the convergent values relative to the most probable coordinates is performed. Based on a detailed comparative and statistical analyses, it can be concluded that the modernized method of line intersection, employed in the RTN GNSS mode with the half-angle method, greatly improves the reliability of determining corners of buildings (X and Y coordinates), as well as provides an exact reflection of the geometric shape of a structure. Numéro de notice : A2015-288 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.1515/arsa-2015-0004 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1515/arsa-2015-0004 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=76407 [article]

Reliability analysis of the results of RTN GNSS surveys of building structures using indirect methods of measurement / Robert Krzyzek in Geodesy and cartography, vol 63 n° 2 (December 2014)    

Public [article]  inGeodesy and cartography > vol 63 n° 2 (December 2014) . - pp 161 - 181 Titre : Reliability analysis of the results of RTN GNSS surveys of building structures using indirect methods of measurement Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Robert Krzyzek, Auteur Année de publication : 2014 Article en page(s) : pp 161 - 181 Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Navigation et positionnement [Termes IGN] bâtiment [Termes IGN] fiabilité des données [Termes IGN] point de liaison (géodésie) [Termes IGN] positionnement par GNSS Résumé : (auteur) This paper presents accuracy characteristics of determining the position of corners of building structures with RTN GNSS surveying, using indirect methods of measurement. The studies included the following methods: a point on a straight line, intersection of straight lines and distance-distance intersection. The research experiment analyzed the coordinates of the corners of building structures obtained from the surveys and the mean errors of their position as well as mutual relationships of check measurements, or tie distances. The accuracy analysis also took into account base errors determined in real time. Statistical analysis of these parameters was carried out, as a result of which a distance-distance intersection method was very well rated. For other methods, the results were diversifi ed. The article also emphasizes a need to search for other solutions to modernize the indirect methods of measurement in such a way that their use in RTN GNSS surveys would give results most probable when compared to the real ones. Numéro de notice : A2014-743 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.2478/geocart-2014-0012 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.2478/geocart-2014-0012 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=75786 [article]

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