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European-wide forest monitoring substantiate the neccessity for a joint conservation strategy to rescue European ash species (Fraxinus spp.) / Jan-Peter George in Scientific reports, vol 12 (2022)  

Public [article]  inScientific reports > vol 12 (2022) . - n° 4764 Titre : European-wide forest monitoring substantiate the neccessity for a joint conservation strategy to rescue European ash species (Fraxinus spp.) Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jan-Peter George, Auteur ; Tanja G.M. Sanders, Auteur ; Volkmar Timmermann, Auteur ; Nenad Potočić, Auteur ; Mait Lang, Auteur Année de publication : 2022 Article en page(s) : n° 4764 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] défoliation [Termes IGN] Europe (géographie politique) [Termes IGN] Fraxinus angustifolia [Termes IGN] Fraxinus excelsior [Termes IGN] mortalité [Termes IGN] politique de conservation (biodiversité) [Termes IGN] régression [Termes IGN] surveillance forestière [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) European ash (Fraxinus excelsior) and narrow-leafed ash (F. angustifolia) are keystone forest tree species with a broad ecological amplitude and significant economic importance. Besides global warming both species are currently under significant threat by an invasive fungal pathogen that has been spreading progressively throughout the continent for almost three decades. Ash dieback caused by the ascomycete Hymenoscyphus fraxineus is capable of damaging ash trees of all age classes and often ultimately leads to the death of a tree after years of progressively developing crown defoliation. While studies at national and regional level already suggested rapid decline of ash populations as a result of ash dieback, a comprehensive survey at European level with harmonized crown assessment data across countries could shed more light into the population decline from a pan-European perspective and could also pave the way for a new conservation strategy beyond national boarders. Here we present data from the ICP Forests Level I crown condition monitoring from 27 countries resulting in > 36,000 observations. We found a substantial increase in defoliation and mortality over time indicating that crown defoliation has almost doubled during the last three decades. Hotspots of mortality are currently situated in southern Scandinavia and north-eastern Europe. Overall survival probability after nearly 30 years of infection has already reached a critical value of 0.51, but with large differences among regions (0.20–0.86). Both a Cox proportional hazard model as well as an Aalen additive regression model strongly suggest that survival of ash is significantly lower in locations with excessive water regime and which experienced more extreme precipitation events during the last two decades. Our results underpin the necessity for fast governmental action and joint rescue efforts beyond national borders since overall mean defoliation will likely reach 50% as early as 2030 as suggested by time series forecasting. Numéro de notice : A2022-309 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1038/s41598-022-08825-6 Date de publication en ligne : 19/03/2022 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1038/s41598-022-08825-6 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100404 [article]

Phosphorus nutrition of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is decreasing in Europe / Ulrike Talkne in Annals of Forest Science, vol 72 n° 7 (October 2015)  

Public [article]  inAnnals of Forest Science > vol 72 n° 7 (October 2015) . - pp 919 - 928 Titre : Phosphorus nutrition of beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is decreasing in Europe Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Ulrike Talkne, Auteur ; Karl Josef Meiwes, Auteur ; Nenad Potočić, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2015 Article en page(s) : pp 919 - 928 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] azote [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] défoliation [Termes IGN] Fagus (genre) [Termes IGN] nutriment végétal [Termes IGN] phosphore [Termes IGN] phytobiologie [Termes IGN] placette d'échantillonnage [Termes IGN] sol acide [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Key message : Foliar phosphorus concentrations have decreased in Europe during the last 20 years. High atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate change might be responsible for this trend. Continued decrease in foliar P concentrations might lead to reduced growth and vitality of beech forests in Europe. Context : Increased forest soil acidification, atmospheric nitrogen deposition, and climate change have been shown to affect phosphorus nutrition of forest trees. Low foliar phosphorus levels and high nitrogen/phosphorus ratios have been observed in different European countries and have been related to reduced growth in forests. Aims : We test the hypothesis that phosphorus concentrations of European beech (F. sylvatica L.) foliage are decreasing at the European scale. Methods : Foliar phosphorus concentrations in beech were monitored on the basis of the “International Co-operative Programme on Assessment and Monitoring of Air Pollution Effects on Forests.” Here, data from 12 European countries, comprising 79 plots and a 20-year sampling period (1991–2010), were evaluated. Results : Foliar phosphorus concentrations ranged from 0.81 to 1.66 mg g−1 dw (plot median of the 20-year sampling period). On 22 % of the plots, phosphorus concentrations were in the deficiency range of beech (Mellert and Göttlein 2012). On 62 % of the plots, the nitrogen/phosphorus ratio was above 18.9, which is considered to be disharmonious for beech. In addition, foliar phosphorus concentrations were significantly decreasing by, on average, 13 % from 1.31 to 1.14 mg g−1 in Europe (p  Conclusion : Our results show that phosphorus nutrition of beech is impaired in Europe. Possible drivers of this development might be high atmospheric nitrogen deposition and climate change. Continued decrease in foliar phosphorus concentrations, eventually attaining phosphorus deficiency levels, might lead to reduced growth and vitality of beech forests in Europe. Numéro de notice : A2015-719 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s13595-015-0459-8 Date de publication en ligne : 01/10/2015 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s13595-015-0459-8 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=78368 [article]