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contenu dans EuroSDR contributions to ISPRS Congress XXIII, 12 - 19 July 2016, Special Session 12 – EuroSDR Prague, Czech Republic / European Spatial Data Research EuroSDR (02/2017)
Titre : State-of-the-art of 3D national mapping in 2016 Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jantien E. Stoter, Auteur ; Bruno Vallet , Auteur ; Thomas Lithen, Auteur ; Maria Pla, Auteur ; Piotr Wozniak, Auteur ; Tobias Kellenberger, Auteur ; André Streilein, Auteur ; Risto Ilves, Auteur ; Hugo Ledoux, Auteur
Editeur : International Society for Photogrammetry and Remote Sensing ISPRS Année de publication : 2016 Collection : International Archives of Photogrammetry, Remote Sensing and Spatial Information Sciences, ISSN 1682-1750 num. 41-B4 Conférence : ISPRS 2016, Commission 4, 23th international congress 12/07/2016 19/07/2016 Prague République tchèque ISPRS OA Archives Commission 4 Importance : pp 653 - 660 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données
[Termes IGN] données localisées 2,5D
[Termes IGN] données localisées 3D
[Termes IGN] organisme cartographique nationalRésumé : (auteur) Techniques for 3D mapping are maturing. At the same time the need for 3D data is increasing. This has pushed national (and regional) mapping agencies (NMAs) to consider extending their traditional task of providing topographic data into the third dimension. To show how research results in 3D mapping obtained over the past twenty years have been adopted by practice, this paper presents the ongoing work on 3D mapping within seven NMAs, all member of the 3D Special Interest Group of European Spatial Data Research (EuroSDR). The paper shows that some NMAs are still in the initial (experimental) phase of 3D mapping, while others have already built solid databases to maintain 2.5D and 3D topographic data covering their whole country. Numéro de notice : C2016-014 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG MATIS+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/IMAGERIE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl DOI : 10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B4-653-2016 Date de publication en ligne : 14/06/2016 En ligne : http://doi.org/10.5194/isprs-archives-XLI-B4-653-2016 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=84316 Abstracting geographic information in a data rich world, ch. 11. Generalisation in practice within national mapping agencies / Cécile Duchêne (2014)
Titre de série : Abstracting geographic information in a data rich world, ch. 11 Titre : Generalisation in practice within national mapping agencies Type de document : Chapitre/Contribution Auteurs : Cécile Duchêne Editeur : Berlin, Heidelberg, Vienne, New York, ... : Springer Année de publication : 2014 Collection : Lecture notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, ISSN 1863-2246 Importance : pp 329 - 391 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] base de données localisées
[Termes IGN] chaîne de production
[Termes IGN] chaîne de traitement
[Termes IGN] généralisation automatique de données
[Termes IGN] généralisation cartographique automatisée
[Termes IGN] représentation multiple
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationRésumé : (auteur) National Mapping Agencies (NMAs) are still among the main end users of research into automated generalisation, which is transferred into their production lines via various means. This chapter includes contributions from seven NMAs, illustrating how automated generalisation is used in practice within their partly or fully automated databases and maps production lines, what results are currently being obtained and what further developments are on-going or planned. A contribution by the European Joint Research Center reports on the use of multiple representation and generalisation in the context of the implementation of the European INSPIRE directive. The chapter finishes with a synthesis of recent achievements, as well as future challenges that NMAs have begun to tackle. Numéro de notice : H2014-008 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG COGIT+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Chapître / contribution nature-HAL : ChOuvrScient DOI : 10.1007/978-3-319-00203-3_11 Date de publication en ligne : 01/04/2014 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00203-3_11 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=78635
Titre de série : Abstracting geographic information in a data rich world, ch. 2 Titre : Map specifications and user requirements Type de document : Chapitre/Contribution Auteurs : Sandrine Balley Editeur : Berlin, Heidelberg, Vienne, New York, ... : Springer Année de publication : 2014 Collection : Lecture notes in Geoinformation and Cartography, ISSN 1863-2246 Importance : pp 17 - 52 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées
[Termes IGN] carte dérivée
[Termes IGN] carte sur mesure
[Termes IGN] généralisation cartographique automatisée
[Termes IGN] sémiologie graphique
[Termes IGN] spécification de contenuMots-clés libres : generalization Résumé : (auteur) In traditional generalisation flow lines, the target map is specified upstream, manually, by cartographers and is intended to answer generic, well-identified user needs. In the emerging context of on-demand mapping, maps have to be derived automatically for users whose requirements are not known in advance, and who may need to integrate their own data. The definition of suitable target map specifications thus becomes part of the service, which raises challenges that are explored in this chapter. The first challenge is to set up a formal map specifications model, rich enough to guide the whole map derivation process. The second challenge is to collect requirements and to assist the user, who is not supposed to be a map designer, in the specification of a map usable for their task and one that respects cartographic standards. Numéro de notice : H2014-013 Affiliation des auteurs : LASTIG COGIT+Ext (2012-2019) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Chapître / contribution nature-HAL : ChOuvrScient DOI : 10.1007/978-3-319-00203-3_2 Date de publication en ligne : 01/04/2014 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/978-3-319-00203-3_2 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=78660 EuroSDR research on state-of-the-art of automated generalisation in commercial software: main findings and conclusions / Jantien E. Stoter (2010)
Titre : EuroSDR research on state-of-the-art of automated generalisation in commercial software: main findings and conclusions Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Jantien E. Stoter, Auteur ; Blanca Baella, Auteur ; Connie Blok, Auteur ; Dirk Burghardt, Auteur ; Francisco Dávila, Auteur ; Cécile Duchêne Editeur : International Cartographic Association ICA - Association cartographique internationale ACI Année de publication : 2010 Conférence : ICA 2010, 13th ICA Workshop on Generalisation and Multiple Representation 12/09/2010 13/09/2010 Zürich Suisse OA Proceedings Importance : 6 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] généralisation automatique de données
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationRésumé : (auteur) [introduction] This paper presents the results of the EuroSDR (European Spatial Data Research) research project that studied the state-of-the-art of automated generalisation in commercial software in a collaboration between National Mapping Agencies (NMAs), research institutes and vendors. The aims of the study were to learn more about generic and specific map requirements of NMAs, to show possibilities and limitations of commercial generalisation software, and to identify areas for further developments based on latest research advances. The project consisted of three main steps: requirements analysis, testing, and evaluation. The requirement analysis (carried out from Oct 2006 till June 2007) resulted in four representative test cases, formalised and harmonised NMA map specifications for automated generalisation as well as an analysis of the defined specifications that shows the similarities and differences between map specifications of different NMAs. The four NMAs who provided the test data are: Ordnance Survey Great Britain (OSGB), Institut Géographique National, France (IGNf), The Netherlands’ Kadaster (Kadaster) and Institut Cartogràfic de Catalunya (ICC). The testing was performed from June 2007 to Spring 2008 by project team members (from NMAs and research institutes) on out-of-the-box versions of four generalisation systems: ArcGIS (ESRI), Change/Push/Typify (University of Hanover), Radius Clarity (1Spatial) and axpand (Axes Systems). At the same time the vendors (except Axes systems) carried out tests with the same test cases with possibly improved and/or customised versions of their systems. The tests resulted in 35 outputs consisting of 700 thematic layers, where it should be noted that the effort to execute one test was approximately 1 week. Several example outputs with an extract of the same test case are shown in Figure 1. The evaluation, carried out from summer 2008 to spring 2009, consisted of an evaluation of meta aspects (based on information recorded by the testers) and of an evaluation of the generalised outputs themselves. The latter evaluation consisted of three parts that complemented each other: a) automated constraint-based evaluation, b) evaluation which visually compared different outputs for one test case and c) a qualitative evaluation of outputs by cartographic experts. Numéro de notice : C2010-052 Affiliation des auteurs : COGIT+Ext (1988-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication nature-HAL : ComAvecCL&ActesPubliésIntl DOI : sans En ligne : https://kartographie.geo.tu-dresden.de/downloads/ica-gen/workshop2010/genemr2010 [...] Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98917 Documents numériques
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Titre : State-of-the-art of automated generalisation in commercial software Type de document : Chapitre/Contribution Auteurs : Jantien E. Stoter, Éditeur scientifique ; Blanca Baella, Auteur ; Connie Block, Auteur ; Dirk Burghardt, Auteur ; Cécile Duchêne Editeur : Dublin : European Spatial Data Research EuroSDR Année de publication : 2010 Collection : EuroSDR official publication, ISSN 0257-0505 num. 58 Importance : pp 9 - 231 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] analyse comparative
[Termes IGN] généralisation automatique de données
[Termes IGN] généralisation cartographique automatisée
[Termes IGN] généralisation géométrique (de visualisation)
[Termes IGN] lisibilité perceptive
[Termes IGN] logiciel de cartographie
[Termes IGN] méthodologie
[Termes IGN] système d'information géographique
[Vedettes matières IGN] GénéralisationRésumé : (Auteur) : This report presents the EuroSDR research project that studied the state-of-the-art of automated generalisation in commercial software in a collaboration between National Mapping Agencies (NMAs), research institutes and vendors. The aims of the study were to learn more about generic and specific map requirements of NMAs, to show possibilities and limitations of commercial generalisation software, and to identify areas for further developments based on latest research advances. The project consisted of three main steps: requirements analysis, testing, and evaluation. The requirement analysis (carried out between Oct 2006 till June 2007) resulted in four representative test cases, formalised and harmonised NMA map specifications for automated generalisation as well as an analysis of the defined specifications that shows the similarities and differences between map specifications of different NMAs. Between June 2007 and Spring 2008 tests were performed by project team members (from NMAs and research institutes) on out-of-the-box versions of four generalisation systems: ArcGIS (ESRI), Change/Push/Typify (University of Hanover), Radius Clarity (1Spatial) and axpand (Axes Systems).At the same time the vendors (except Axes systems) carried out tests with the same test cases with improved and/or customised versions of their systems. The tests resulted in 35 outputs consisting of 700 thematic layers, where it should be noted that the effort for one test was approximately 1 week. The evaluation, carried out between summer 2008 and spring 2009, consisted of an evaluation of meta aspects (based on information recorded by the testers) and of an evaluation of the generalised datasets
themselves. The latter evaluation consisted of three parts that completed each other: a) automated constraint-based evaluation, b) evaluation which visually compared different outputs for one test case and c) a qualitative evaluation by cartographic experts. From the project results it can be concluded that all systems offer potentials for automated generalisation. However the results highlighted a few issues that identify areas for further development in both research and commercial systems. Although the results show that for many problems solutions do exist (e.g. building simplification), the algorithms are difficult to parameterise and a direct match between parameters and specifications was often missing. In addition none of the four test cases were fully solved by the out-of-the-box systems. While some problems are close to being solved (generalisation of individual buildings and roads), a few problems are far from being solved. Firstly it is impossible with the tested systems to apply different algorithms and/or parameter values in different contexts. This is either not supported or a measure to detect the appropriate contexts is missing. Another remaining generalisation software problem is operations that concern more than one object (e.g. network typification). Also, the generalisation of the topographic context in an integrated manner with the terrain is not appropriately covered in the tested systems. It should be noted that some of the missing functionalities were fixed in the vendors’ parallel tests (e.g. buildings elimination and displacement algorithms in ArcGIS and Radius Clarity). Although these results may seem disappointing, some final thoughts may help to put the results in the right context. Firstly the project had very high ambitions (i.e. many specifications were defined; the selection of test cases focused on known and complex problems; the ultimate aim of the generalisation process was high quality paper maps). Secondly, the project is well received by vendors to push internal developments. In addition it is not a surprise that out-of-the box versions are not capable of fulfilling NMA requirements, which is also shown by the fact that customised systems are used more satisfactory in practice. Consequently customisation of the systems should be further developed and should be one of the focuses in a future project.Note de contenu : 1. PRESENTATION OF THE PROJECT
1.1 Introduction
1.2 Previous research related to map specifications for automated map generalisation
1.3 Scope of the current study
1.4 Project set up
2. METHODOLOGY
2.1 Requirement analysis
2.2 The test process
2.3 Evaluation of system capabilities, test processes and constraint expressions
2.4 Evaluation of generalised outputs
3. RESULTS AND INTERPRETATION
3.1 Outputs of the tests
3.2 Evaluation of the capabilities of the systems
3.3 Evaluation of test processes
3.4 Evaluation of constraint expressions
3.5 Automated evaluation of generalised outputs: results and conclusions
3.6 Evaluation by comparing generalised outputs: results and conclusions
3.7 Expert evaluation: results and conclusions
4. VENDORS' SOLUTIONS
4.1 Vendors' tests
4.2 Developments since 2007 and references to examples from practice
5. CONCLUSIONS AND DISCUSSION
5.1 Answers to research questions
5.2 Conclusions and further research
6. REFERENCES
7. APPENDICESNuméro de notice : H2010-003 Affiliation des auteurs : IGN+Ext (1940-2011) Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Chapître / contribution Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=86301 Documents numériques
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