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Tracking human impact on current tree species distribution using plant communities / Daniel E. Silva in Journal of vegetation science, vol 23 n° 2 (April 2012)  

Public [article]  inJournal of vegetation science > vol 23 n° 2 (April 2012) . - pp 313 - 324 Titre : Tracking human impact on current tree species distribution using plant communities Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Daniel E. Silva, Auteur ; Vincent Badeau, Auteur ; Myriam Legay, Auteur ; Emmanuel Corcket, Auteur ; Jean-Luc Dupouey, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Article en page(s) : pp 313 - 324 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] aire de répartition [Termes IGN] anthropisation [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France) [Termes IGN] marge [Termes IGN] modélisation de la forêt [Termes IGN] phytosociologie [Termes IGN] plaine [Termes IGN] régression logistique [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Questions : Can we adequately model beech distribution based on accompanying vegetation, and how does this compare with a climate model? To what extent does accompanying vegetation predict larger extension of beech at its SW margin compared with current distribution? Do human factors explain the discrepancy between current and potential distribution? Location : Lowland forests at the SW European range margin of beech. Methods : We built a logistic regression model of beech presence based on accompanying understorey vegetation using 66 976 plots in the French National Forest Inventory (NFI) network. Explanatory variables were obtained by multivariate reduction of 252 species in NFI plots. The model was calibrated in regions where human impact on beech has been comparatively low. The probability of beech presence was estimated at its SW margin and compared with current distribution. We tested whether forest management factors could explain beech absence in locations where the flora predicted its presence. Performance of this model was compared with a classical climatic-envelope model. Results : Modelled potential distribution of beech along its SW margin was larger than observed distribution, suggesting area shrinkage under man's influence. Sites where beech was predicted as present but was currently absent were significantly less common in high forest stands, and more common in coppices, plantations and private forests. Characteristics of species replacing beech (early-successional, plantation or exotic species) confirmed the role of forest management and disturbance in beech disappearance. The floristic model provided a finer resolution distribution map than the climatic-envelope model. Conclusions : Plant communities, together with precise tree species maps, allowed us to estimate manipulation of beech by man, and main silvicultural causes of its disappearance. The improvement in quality of current distribution models has important implications for modelling of niches under future climate scenarios. Numéro de notice : A2012-726 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01341.x En ligne : http://doi.org/10.1111/j.1654-1103.2011.01341.x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=87074 [article]

Does natural regeneration determine the limit of European beech distribution under climatic stress? / Daniel E. Silva in Forest ecology and management, vol 266 (15 February 2012)  

Public [article]  inForest ecology and management > vol 266 (15 February 2012) Titre : Does natural regeneration determine the limit of European beech distribution under climatic stress? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Daniel E. Silva, Auteur Année de publication : 2012 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] aire de répartition [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] climat tempéré [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France) [Termes IGN] marge [Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture) [Termes IGN] régression multiple [Vedettes matières IGN] Végétation et changement climatique Résumé : (auteur) Climate is considered to be the main factor that determines forest species distribution. In Europe, climatic series show a global warming trend and an increase in frequency of summer droughts, which should affect growth and regeneration of tree populations. Beech (Fagus sylvatica L.) is particularly sensitive to drought and high temperatures. Then, this species reaches the rear edge of its lowland European distribution in the south-west of France. In this area, statistical modelling of future distributions based on climate scenarios show a significant potential reduction for F. sylvatica’s range. At the moment, failure of beech establishment is still unknown at the regional scale in the rear edge of its distribution range. The aim of this study was thus to determine if a reduction in natural regeneration of beechwoods could be related to the decrease in the species presence at its range margin. We identified ecological factors related to beech recruitment by estimating seedling density on the forest floor respectively in 71 and 85 beech plots in the south-west lowlands of France. We also determined if a relation between seedling amount and mast-seeding existed. We showed the importance of local factors in the natural regeneration stages by performing a multivariate reduction of the data and a multiple regression on densities. The inherent capacity of the stand to produce fruits explained a greater part of cupule density variance than did the climatic factor. However, we observed that meso-, micro- and pedo-climates were the main factors controlling seedling amount. Higher soil moisture, precipitation and temperature during the growing season increased seedling density, while late spring and early autumn frosts decreased it. Soil and stand conditions also played a significant role. Fruit production increased in stands that showed tree crown degradation, while seedling amount decreased in this case. The increase in allocation to reproduction could be a strategy of beech to cope with ecological constraints that tend to limit its establishment. Thus, seedling establishment is related to the factors controlling F. sylvatica presence at its southern distribution margins. This illustrates how natural regeneration is a key stage for beech success where the future of the species is jeopardized in the context of climate change. Numéro de notice : A2012-725 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Article DOI : 10.1016/j.foreco.2011.11.031 Date de publication en ligne : 16/12/2011 En ligne : http://doi.org/10.1016/j.foreco.2011.11.031 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=87072 [article]

Ecologie du hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L) en marge sud-ouest de son aire de distribution / Daniel E. Silva (2010) 

Public Titre : Ecologie du hêtre (Fagus sylvatica L) en marge sud-ouest de son aire de distribution Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Daniel E. Silva, Auteur ; Emmanuel Corcket, Directeur de thèse ; Jean-Luc Dupouey, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Nancy : Université Nancy 1 Henri Poincaré Année de publication : 2010 Importance : 197 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie Thèse en vue de l’obtention du Doctorat de l’Université Henri Poincaré, en Biologie Végétale et Forestière Langues : Français (fre) Descripteur : [Termes IGN] anthropisation [Termes IGN] croissance des arbres [Termes IGN] dendrométrie [Termes IGN] dépérissement [Termes IGN] Fagus sylvatica [Termes IGN] houppier [Termes IGN] indicateur biologique [Termes IGN] inventaire forestier national (données France) [Termes IGN] peuplement forestier [Termes IGN] régénération (sylviculture) Index. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Note de contenu : INTRODUCTION GENERALE ZONES D’ETUDES ET APPROCHE GENERALE **PARTIE 1 DISTRIBUTION DU HETRE EN LIMITE D’AIRE ch 1. Aire potentielle du hêtre : approche de modélisation par les communautés végétales ch 2. Compensation locale de la contrainte climatique **PARTIE 2 PROCESSUS DEMOGRAPHIQUES ET DE CROISSANCE ch 1. Données hêtraies limites ch 2. Evolution de la croissance du hêtre a l’approche de sa limite de répartition ch 3. Régénération naturelle du hêtre en limite d’aire ch 4. Dégradation de la vitalité du hêtre à l’approche de sa limite climatique **PARTIE 3 CARACTERISATION DE LA VARIABILITE ECOTYPIQUE DU HETRE EN RELATION AVEC LE CONTEXTE HYDRIQUE LOCAL SYNTHESE CONCLUSION ET PERSPECTIVES Numéro de notice : 17287 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : FORET Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : thèse de doctorat : Biologie Végétale et Forestière : Nancy 1 : 2010 Organisme de stage : Unité Mixte de Recherche Ecologie et Ecophysiologie Forestières (INRA) nature-HAL : Thèse DOI : sans Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=82536

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