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Konzeption, Entwicklung und Erprobung eines digitalen integrierten flugzeuggetragenen Fernerkundungssystems für Precision Farming (PFIFF) / Görres Grenzdorffer (2002)

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Titre :	Konzeption, Entwicklung und Erprobung eines digitalen integrierten flugzeuggetragenen Fernerkundungssystems für Precision Farming (PFIFF)
Titre original :	[Conception, développement et expérimentation d'un système de télédétection intégré numérique aéroporté pour l'agriculture de précision]
Type de document :	Thèse/HDR
Auteurs :	Görres Grenzdorffer, Auteur
Editeur :	Munich : Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften
Année de publication :	2002
Collection :	DGK - C
Sous-collection :	Dissertationen num. 552
Importance :	142 p.
Format :	21 x 30 cm
ISBN/ISSN/EAN :	978-3-7696-9591-5
Note générale :	Bibliographie
Langues :	Allemand (ger)
Descripteur :	[Vedettes matières IGN] Acquisition d'image(s) et de donnée(s) [Termes IGN] aérotriangulation automatisée [Termes IGN] agriculture de précision [Termes IGN] angle de visée [Termes IGN] caméra numérique [Termes IGN] centrale inertielle [Termes IGN] géoréférencement direct [Termes IGN] GPS-INS [Termes IGN] image RVB [Termes IGN] orientation du capteur [Termes IGN] orientation externe [Termes IGN] orientation interne [Termes IGN] point d'appui [Termes IGN] récepteur GPS
Index. décimale :	35.10 Acquisition d'images
Résumé :	(Auteur) “The introduction of GPS will change the crop production as deeply as the turn of a horse plough to the tractor in the 20th century" Prof. Ewald Schnug, 1996 A prerequisite for the success of precision farming is the determination of the heterogeneity of the soil and the crops within a field. Here comes remote sensing into play, because from the birds view the farmer becomes actual and detailed information of the surface of his fields. With this detailed and current information and other data the farmer or scientist is able to make site-specific decisions. The appropriate acquisition time is crucial for the documentation and the analysis of the canopy development. The biggest handicaps of optical remote sensing in our latitudes are uncertain and rapidly changing weather conditions. The comparison of potential days for airborne surveys and available satellite scenes revealed that the possibilities for airborne systems are many times better than for satellite systems. Due to image acquisition possibilities, the turn around time. The ground resolution and additional information flexible digital low-cost remote sensing systems such as PFIFF are very well suited for as an additional management instrument for the farmer and to support site specific treatments in an offline approach. For the efficient use of a small aircraft with a ground hole a GPS based flight management system is necessary. Thereby tools for survey planning, survey navigation, automatic triggering and the recording of the parameters of the exterior orientation during the aerial survey were developed. For the use of a digital camera in aerial surveys not only the size of the CCD-sensor is important, but also many other criteria of the camera such as the exposure interval, the storage capacity. The preview options, the mechanical stability, the temporal eccentricity, the reliability and the radiometric properties have to be considered and determined. After thorough calibration modem high resolution digital cameras are well suitable for photogrammetric aerial applications. The parameters of the interior orientation for the Rollei DSP 104 were determined by a test field calibration. Thereby it became obvious, that due to the poor mechanical stability of the digital back pack the position of the principal point is variable, while the radial distortion and the focal length maintain relatively constant. The examination of the linearity, the spectral characteristics of the RGB band filters and the signal to noise ratio revealed that the radiometric properties of the digital camera are superior to an equivalent photographic system. For the registration of the angles of the parameters of the exterior orientation cheap sensors were used and calibrated, because a high price inertial navigation system would undermine the low-cost system approach. The observed angles should be used as initial values for the automated image matching procedures. In detail a two axe inclination sensor which records the accelerations in the roll and pitch direction and an electronic fluxgate compass for the true heading angle were implemented in the attitude and heading reference system (AHRS). The sensor system was tested in the lab as well as under airborne conditions with an additional geodetic GPS receiver and a multi antenna GPS on board of the aeroplane to explore the accuracy, potential for direct georeferencing of the system. Through the comparison of the exterior orientation parameters of both systems the absolute positional and angular accuracy of the GPS/AHRS-system could be determined. The accuracy assessment is complete because the residuals of the orientation parameters as well as calibration errors of the optical system and errors of the sensor orientation are incorporated in the difference vectors to the well known ground control point co-ordinates. The co-ordinate quality of the Garmin-GPS receiver is sufficient to initiate an automated aerotriangulation, even if the co-ordinates can not enhance the accuracy of the block in the triangulation process. In contrary to the GPS the directly determined values of the angular AHRS-sensors differed with 1° in pitch and 2.45° in roll and 14° in the heading angle, compared to the indirectly determined angles of the aerotriangulation. The problematical values of the compass are related to several factors, which could not be calibrated afterwards. PFIFF has a high photogrammetric potential, which allows for an aerotriangulation without ground control points using a geodetic GPS receiver. However a prerequisite for an aerotriangulation without ground control points is a known interior orientation, because due to the lack of redundancy no simultaneous calibration is possible. At an image scale of 1:44.500 the accuracy of the test flight was in the sub pixel range, that means < 1 m positional accuracy on the ground. Between 1999 and 2001 single components and PFIFF as a whole was well tested in 31 aerial surveys with more than 3.500 images recorded.
Numéro de notice :	13121
Affiliation des auteurs :	non IGN
Thématique :	IMAGERIE
Nature :	Thèse étrangère
Permalink :	https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=54889

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