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Model based signal processing techniques for nonconventional optical imaging systems / Daniele Picone (2021)  

Public Titre : Model based signal processing techniques for nonconventional optical imaging systems Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Daniele Picone, Auteur ; Mauro Dalla Mura, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Grenoble [France] : Université Grenoble Alpes Année de publication : 2021 Importance : 364 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : bibliographie Thèse pour obtenir le grade de Docteur de l'Université Grenoble Alpes, spécialité : Signal Image Parole Télécoms Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Traitement d'image optique [Termes IGN] acquisition comprimée [Termes IGN] fusion d'images [Termes IGN] image hyperspectrale [Termes IGN] inférence statistique [Termes IGN] interférométrie [Termes IGN] méthode du maximum de vraisemblance (estimation) [Termes IGN] mosaïque d'images [Termes IGN] pouvoir de résolution géométrique [Termes IGN] pouvoir de résolution spectrale [Termes IGN] problème inverse [Termes IGN] reconstruction d'image [Termes IGN] régression non linéaire [Termes IGN] spectromètre imageur [Termes IGN] traitement du signal Index. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (auteur) There is an increasing demand for images with higher spectral and spatial resolution for applications in several domains such as health, environment, quality checking and natural disasters monitoring. Hyperspectral imagery provides the necessary spectral diversity to recover the composition of materials on site for applications such as the detection of fires, anomalies, chemical agents, targets and changes in the scene.The requirement for cheaper and more compact devices (e.g. to be embarked on low cost satellites and airborne platform) which are capable of capturing this information has led to the development of nonconventional innovative design concepts to overcome the technological limitations of traditional cameras. Data acquired by such novel imaging devices following the computational imaging paradigm are typically not readily exploitable for the final application. A computational phase is hence needed for extracting useful information from the raw acquisitions.This thesis addresses this issue by setting up an inversion problem. The general approach is to characterize the data fidelity term with a physical model, describing the underlying optical transformations performed by the device. The challenge is then shifted on the regularization step to properly characterizes the features of the quantities of interest and improve the accuracy of the estimation, which can be tackled with variational techniques.The analysis is applied to two novel concepts for nonconventional optical devices. The first one is a novel compressed acquisition imaging system based on color filter arrays, which embeds information from sensors with different spatial and spectral characteristics into a single mosaiced product. As opposed to existing compressed sensing based devices, the goal is not to recover the original uncompressed multiresolution sources, but instead to directly recover a synthetic fused image with both high spatial and spectral resolution.The proposed solution relies on the total variation regularization and is the subject of a detailed analysis, comparing its compressive power with straightforward software alternatives, evaluating its performances as the amount of channels changes, and validating its efficiency in comparison to state of the art methods when applied to classical fusion or mosaicing algorithms separately.The second class of devices is based on the ImSPOC patent, a design concept for a low finesse snapshot imaging spectrometer based on the interferometry of Fabry-Pérot. Its ideal behaviour follows the principle of the Fourier Transform Spectroscopy, as its acquisition can be interpreted as a sampled version of an interferogram, arranged across different sub-images distributed on the same focal plane.After defining a physical model based on optical geometry, its validity is evaluated over real acquisitions by setting up a Bayesian inference problem to determine its parameters, with approaches based on maximum likelihood estimators, regular-grid searches and nonlinear regression.A variety of preliminary tests are then carried out on the inversion method, with approaches based on singular value decomposition and sparse-inducing regularizers, accompanied by a analysis of their robustness to model mismatches. Note de contenu : 1- Introduction 2- Inverse problems theory 3- Signal processing of multimodal data 4- Joint fusion and demosaicing of compressed multiresolution acquisitions 5- Optics foundations for the ImSPOC acquisition system 6- Data processing pipeline of ImSPOC acquisitions 7- Conclusions Numéro de notice : 28691 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de Doctorat : Signal Image Parole Télécoms : Grenoble : 2021 Organisme de stage : GIPSA-lab DOI : sans En ligne : https://hal.science/tel-03596486v1 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100170