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Characterization of mass variations in Antarctica in response to climatic fluctuations from space-based gravimetry and radar altimetry data / Athul Kaitheri (2021)  

Public Titre : Characterization of mass variations in Antarctica in response to climatic fluctuations from space-based gravimetry and radar altimetry data Titre original : Caractérisation des variations de masse en Antarctique en réponse aux fluctuations climatiques à partir des données de gravimétrie spatiale et d’altimétrie radar Type de document : Thèse/HDR Auteurs : Athul Kaitheri, Auteur ; Anthony Mémin, Directeur de thèse ; Frédérique Rémy, Directeur de thèse Editeur : Nice : Université Côte d'Azur Année de publication : 2021 Importance : 138 p. Format : 21 x 30 cm Note générale : Bibliographie Thèse présentée en vue de l’obtention du grade de docteur de l'Université de Côte d'Azur, Spécialité Sciences de la Planète et de l'Univers Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications de géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] altimétrie satellitaire par radar [Termes IGN] analyse comparative [Termes IGN] Antarctique [Termes IGN] calotte glaciaire [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] données altimétriques [Termes IGN] données GRACE [Termes IGN] image Envisat [Termes IGN] levé gravimétrique [Termes IGN] masse [Termes IGN] oscillation [Termes IGN] régression Index. décimale : THESE Thèses et HDR Résumé : (Auteur) Quantifying the mass balance of the Antarctic Ice Sheet (AIS), and the resulting sea level rise, requires an understanding of inter-annual variability and associated causal mechanisms. This has become more complex and challenging in the backdrop of global climate change. Very few studies have been exploring the influence of climate anomalies on the AIS and only a vague estimate of its impact is available. Usually changes to the ice sheet are quantified using observations from space-borne altimetry and gravimetry missions. In this study, we use data from Envisat (2002 to 2010) and Gravity Recovery and Climate Experiment (GRACE) (2002 to 2016) missions to estimate monthly elevation changes and mass changes, respectively. Similar estimates of the changes are made using weather variables (surface mass balance (SMB) and temperature) from a regional climate model (RACMO2.3p2) as inputs to a firn compaction (FC) model. Using the firn compaction model we were able to model the transformation of snow into glacial ice and hence estimate changes in the elevation of the ice sheet using climate parameters. Elevation changes estimated from different techniques are in good agreement with each other across the AIS especially in West Antarctica, Antarctic Peninsula, and along the coasts of East Antarctica. Inter-annual height change patterns are then extracted using for the first time an empirical mode decomposition followed by a reconstruction of modes. These signal on applying least square method revealed a sub-4-year periodic signal in the all the three distinct height change patterns. This was indicative of the influence of the El Niño Southern Oscillation (ENSO), a climate anomaly that alters, among other parameters, moisture transport, sea surface temperature, precipitation, in and around the AIS at similar frequency by alternating between warm and cold conditions. But there existed altering periodic behavior among inter annual height change patterns in the Antarctic Pacific (AP) sector which was found possibly by the influence of multiple climate drivers, like the Amundsen Sea Low (ASL) and the Southern Annular Mode (SAM). A combined analysis of the three distinct estimates using a PCA (principal component analysis) along the coast revealed similar findings. Height change anomaly also appears to traverse eastwards from Coats Land to Pine Island Glacier (PIG) regions passing through Dronning Maud Land (DML) and Wilkes Land (WL) in 6 to 8 years. This is indicative of climate anomaly traversal due to the Antarctic Circumpolar Wave (ACW) which propagates anomalies through the Southern Ocean in 8 to 10 years. Altogether, inter-annual variability in the SMB of the AIS is found to be modulated by multiple competing climate anomalies. Note de contenu : 1. Introduction 1.1 Climate change scenario 1.2 Antarctica 1.3 Thesis overview 2. Height changes from satellite observations 2.1 Observations 2.2 Satellite gravimetry 2.3 Satellite altimetry 3. Height changes from modelling 3.1 Climate Model 3.2 Height changes from RACMO2.3p2 outputs 3.3 Firn densification model 4. Inter-annual variability 4.1 Comparison between height changes 4.2 Extraction of inter annual signals 4.3 Characterizing inter-annual signals 4.4 Principal component analysis 5. Influence of climate anomalies 5.1 El Ni˜no Southern Oscillation 5.2 Southern Annular Mode 5.3 Amundsen Sea Low 5.4 Antarctic Circumpolar Wave 6. General conclusions 6.1 Conclusions 6.2 Future perspectives Numéro de notice : 26825 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : IMAGERIE/POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Thèse française Note de thèse : Thèse de doctorat : Sciences de la Planète et de l'Univers : Côte d'Azur : 2021 Organisme de stage : Géoazur nature-HAL : Thèse DOI : sans Date de publication en ligne : 19/04/2022 En ligne : https://tel.hal.science/tel-03644306/ Format de la ressource électronique : URL Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=100655