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Document: Monographie

A user-oriented map design in the environment using the example of a European Reference Map at medium scale / Anja Hopfstock (2010)

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Titre :	A user-oriented map design in the environment using the example of a European Reference Map at medium scale
Type de document :	Monographie
Auteurs :	Anja Hopfstock, Auteur
Editeur :	Francfort sur le Main : Bundesamt für Kartographie und Geodäsie
Année de publication :	2010
Collection :	Mitteilungen des Bundesamtes für Kartographie und Geodäsie, ISSN 1436-3445 num. 46
Importance :	170 p.
Format :	21 x 30 cm + cédérom
ISBN/ISSN/EAN :	978-3-89888-987-2
Note générale :	Bibliographie
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Descripteur :	[Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données [Termes IGN] conception cartographique [Termes IGN] données multisources [Termes IGN] infrastructure européenne de données localisées [Termes IGN] interface graphique [Termes IGN] utilisateur
Résumé :	(Auteur) The ever increasing demand of our information society for reliable Geographic Information (GI) is the moving power for the development and maintenance of Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDI). Consequently, an SDI works to full benefit of its users if the SDI data collection is accessible and can be efficiently used by all users in spatial problem solving and decision-making. Current development and use of SDI focuses on handling geospatial data entirely by means of information technology. Thereby, low awareness seems to be paid to a user-friendly and understandable presentation of geospatial data. Based on the understanding that GI is the result of human geospatial information processing, it is argued that cartography is essential in the SDI context in order to achieve the objectives of SDI. Specifically, the thesis aimed at exploring the concept of user-oriented map design in relation to SDI and elaborating a methodology for creating effective cartographic representations for SDI relevant user types. First of all, the SDI concept, its objectives and principles are explored as to the human aspect of an SDI using the example of current European SDI initiatives. Secondly, in order to determine the role and task of cartography in the SDI context, the conceptual framework of contemporary cartography is reviewed to provide the theoretical and technological framework for a user-oriented map design. Given this, the SDI environment is assessed in relation to cartography. Further, an SDI map production framework is elaborated utilising Spiess' concept of the graphic filter as a model for the transformation of SDI data into useful cartographic representations. Besides, the map design strategy by Grünreich provides the starting point for developing the process of map production. The main tasks are detailed and justified taking into consideration the semiotic-cognitive and action-related concepts underpinning contemporary cartography. The applied research encompasses a case study which is performed to implement and, thus, evaluate the proposed methodology. It starts from a use case scenario where an international spatial planning team requires getting familiar with the overall geographic characteristics of a European cross-border area. Following the process steps of user-oriented map design in the SDI environment, a map design specification is elaborated and implemented under real world conditions. The elaborated methodology for creating user-friendly and understandable cartographic representations of geospatial data in the SDI environment is based on theoretical and technological foundation of contemporary cartography. Map design in the SDI context, first of all, means to establish a graphic filter that determines the parameters and rules of the cartographic transformation process to be applied. It requires on the one hand an understanding of map use, map user and map use situation, and on the other hand insight into the data used as the source. The case study proves that the elaborated methodology is practicable and functional. Cartographic reverse engineering provides a systematic and pragmatic approach to the cartographic design task. This way, map design solutions can be built upon existing cartographic experience and common traditions as suggested by the INSPIRE recommendation for portrayal. The resulting design solution constitutes a prototype of a European Reference Map at medium scale built upon existing cartographic experience and common traditions. A user-friendly, understandable and comparable presentation of geospatial data in Europe would support the human and institutional potential for cross-border cooperation and collaboration. Besides that, the test implementation shows that tools are available which make it technically feasible and viable to produce a map from geospatial data in the SDI data collection. The research project raises awareness to the human aspect of SDI inherit in its objective to support end users to derive GI and knowledge from the geospatial data gathered in the SDI data collection. It shows how cartography can contribute to the initiation, creation, and maintenance of portrayal services to facilitate a more comprehensive access to the underlying geospatial data. For cartography to take effect in the SDI development and use, cartographic design knowledge has to be made explicit and operational. It is the responsibility of cartographic professionals to prepare the map design that facilitates the access to the underlying geospatial data by means of a user-friendly and understandable graphic interface. The wide range of map use contexts requires a great flexibility of design variants depending on the dimension of human-map interaction. Therefore, the design of the maps needs to be user-driven to enable an efficient map use in the user's task. Besides their function as a graphic interface, maps facilitate a common understanding of the depicted geographic features and phenomena when sharing GI between SDI users. In other words, map design can be regarded a measure to establish interoperability of geospatial data beyond the technical level. The research work is in the scope of communication cartography, a research domain seeking to deepen the understanding of the role of cartographic expressions when understanding and communication of GI is involved.
Note de contenu :	1. Introduction 1.1 Problem Statement 1.2 Rationale 1.3 The Structure of the Thesis 2. SDI and the Demand for Cartographic Representations 2.1 The SDI Concept 2.2 European Initiatives Building a European SDI 2.2.1 INSPIRE 2.2.2 GMES 2.2.3 SEIS 2.2.4 The Interrelation between INSPIRE, GMES, and SEIS 2.3 Human Aspect of Using an SDI 3 The Role and Task of Cartography in the SDI Context 3.1 The Conceptual Framework of Contemporary Cartography 3.1.1 Definitions 3.1.2 Changing Paradigms in Cartography 3.1.3 Concepts Underpinning Contemporary Cartography 3.2 The Concepts of Map Design 3.2.1 The Foundation of Modern Map Design 3.2.2 Approaches to Establish a Map Design 3.2.3 Principles and Guidelines for Good Map Design 3.3 Tasks of Cartography in the SDI Context 3.3.1 Assessment of the SDI Environment in Relation to Cartography 3.3.2 A Strategy for the Integration of Cartography in the SDI Environment 4 Conceptual Framework for Creating Cartographic Representations in SDI Environment 4.1 The Map Production Framework 4.2 A Methodology of Map Design in the SDI Environment 4.2.1 User Modelling and Map Conceptualisation (A) 4.2.2 Cartographic Design Including the Evaluation of Design Variants (B) 4.2.3 Implementation of Design Solution (C) 4.3 Summary of Theoretical and Technological Foundation 5 The Case Study - Designing a European Reference Map at Medium Scale 5.1 The Use Case 5.2 User Modelling and Map Conceptualisation 5.2.1 The Concept of a Reference Map 5.2.2 The Cross-Border Context of Use 5.2.3 The Usability Goals 5.3 Designing a European Reference Map 5.3.1 The Approach to the Cartographic Design 5.3.2 As-Is-Analysis of European Topographic and Road Maps 5.3.3 The Map Design Specification 5.4 A Pragmatic Approach to the Production of a European Reference Map 6. Test Implementation 6.1 Test Setup 6.1.1 Sample Areas 6.1.2 The Source Data Sets 6.1.3 Preparation of the Source Data Sets 6.1.4 Map Compilation 6.2 Test Results 6.2.1 Map Samples 6.2.2 Test Reports 6.3 Discussion 6.3.1 Results and Main findings 6.3.2 Open Issues 7. Conclusions 7.1 Summary 7.2 Further studies
Numéro de notice :	15532
Affiliation des auteurs :	non IGN
Thématique :	GEOMATIQUE
Nature :	Monographie
Permalink :	https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=62752

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