Centre de documentation
scientifique

Assessing the certainty of locations produced by an address geocoding system / C.A. Davis in Geoinformatica, vol 11 n° 1 (March - May 2007)  

Public [article]  inGeoinformatica > vol 11 n° 1 (March - May 2007) . - pp 103 - 129 Titre : Assessing the certainty of locations produced by an address geocoding system Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : C.A. Davis, Auteur ; Frederico Fonseca, Auteur Année de publication : 2007 Article en page(s) : pp 103 - 129 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées [Termes IGN] base de données localisées [Termes IGN] géocodage par adresse postale [Termes IGN] incertitude de position [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) Addresses are the most common georeferencing resource people use to communicate to others a location within a city. Urban GIS applications that receive data directly from citizens, or from legacy information systems, need to be able to quickly and efficiently obtain a spatial location from addresses. In this paper we understand addresses in a broader perspective, in which not only the conventional elements of postal addresses are considered, but other kinds of direct or indirect references to places, such as building names, postal codes, or telephone area codes, which are also valuable as locators to urban places. This broader view on addresses allows us to work with two perspectives. First, in the ontological definition, modeling, and implementation of an addressing database that is flexible enough to accommodate the variety of concepts and address formats used worldwide, along with direct and indirect references to places. Second, in the definition of an indicator that is able to quantify the degree of certainty that could be reached when a user-given, semi-structured address is geocoded into a spatial position, as a function of the type and completeness of the available addressing data and of the geocoding method that has been employed. This indicator, which we call Geocoding Certainty Indicator (GCI), can be used as a threshold, beyond which the geocoded event should be left out of any statistical analysis, or as a weight that allows spatial analysis methods to reduce the influence of events that have been less reliably located. In order to support geocoding activities and the determination of the GCI, we propose a conceptual schema for addressing databases. The schema is flexible enough to accommodate a variety of addressing systems, at various levels of detail, and in different countries. Our intention is to depart from the usual geocoding strategy employed in commercial GIS products, which is usually limited to the average American or British address format. The schema also extends the notion of postal address to something broader, including popular names for places, building names, reference places, and other concepts. This approach extends Simpson’s and Yu’s Comput. Environ. Urban Syst., 27: 283–307, 2003 work on postal codes to records of any kind, including place names and loosely formatted addresses. Copyright Springer Numéro de notice : A2007-167 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/INFORMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10707-006-0015-7 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1007/s10707-006-0015-7 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=28530 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
057-07011	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Bridging ontologies and conceptual schemas in geographic information integration / Frederico Fonseca in Geoinformatica, vol 7 n° 4 (December 2003)  

Public [article]  inGeoinformatica > vol 7 n° 4 (December 2003) . - pp 355 - 378 Titre : Bridging ontologies and conceptual schemas in geographic information integration Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Frederico Fonseca, Auteur ; C. Davis, Auteur ; G. Camara, Auteur Année de publication : 2003 Article en page(s) : pp 355 - 378 Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données [Termes IGN] modèle conceptuel de données [Termes IGN] modélisation [Termes IGN] ontologie [Termes IGN] schéma conceptuel de données [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) Integration of geographic information has increased in importance because of new possibilities arising from the interconnected world and the increasing availability of geographic information. Ontologies support the creation of conceptual models and help with information integration. In this paper, we propose a way to link the formal representation of semantics (i.e., ontotogies) to conceptual schemas describing information stored in databases. The main result is a formal framework that explains a mapping between a spatial ontology and a geographic conceptual schema. The mapping of ontologies to conceptual schemas is made using three different levels of abstraction: formal, domain, and application levels. At the formal level, highly abstract concepts are used to express the schema and the ontologies. At the domain level, the schema is regarded as an instance of a generic data model. At the application level, we focus on the particular case of geographic applications. We also discuss the influence of ontologies in both the traditional and geographic systems development methodologies, with an emphasis on the conceptual design phase. Numéro de notice : A2003-389 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1023/A:1025573406389 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1025573406389 Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=26469 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
057-03041	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

From geo- to eco-ontologies / Frederico Fonseca (2002)

Public contenu dans Geographic information science, Giscience 2002 / Max J. Egenhofer (2002)   Titre : From geo- to eco-ontologies Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Frederico Fonseca, Auteur ; James Martin, Auteur ; M. Andrea Rodríguez, Auteur Editeur : Berlin, Heidelberg, Vienne, New York, ... : Springer Année de publication : 2002 Collection : Lecture notes in Computer Science, ISSN 0302-9743 num. 2478 Conférence : GIScience 2002, 2nd International Conference on geographic information science 25/09/2002 28/09/2002 Boulder Colorado - Etats-Unis Proceedings Springer Importance : pp 93 - 107 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données [Termes IGN] écologie [Termes IGN] ontologie [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) Ecology is a subject of great debate today among scientists, governments, and the general public. Issues such as global warming and biodiversity require a mutual agreement among different groups of people. Many times these groups are separated by language, political interests, and culture. Environmental Information Systems need to integrate data from different Geographic Information Systems. This may cause problems resulting from the semantic heterogeneity of the source communities. Before this kind of integration can happen among different groups, the concepts that people have about the real world must be explicitly formalized ; such an explicit formalization of our mental models is called an ontology. In this paper, we discuss two options for structuring such ontologies. First we discuss the use of hierarchies and roles in the structure of geographic ontologies. Second, we discuss some of the fundamental characteristics of ecological ontologies and draw attention to several formal differences between ecological and geographic ontologies. We conclude by identifying some of the important questions that arise in light of our conception of eco-ontologies. Numéro de notice : C2002-012 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Communication Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=64970