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A new algorithm for continuous area cartogram construction with triangulation of regions and restriction on bearing changes of edges / R. Inoue in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 33 n° 2 (April 2006)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 33 n° 2 (April 2006) . - pp 115 - 125 Titre : A new algorithm for continuous area cartogram construction with triangulation of regions and restriction on bearing changes of edges Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : R. Inoue, Auteur ; E. Shimizu, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 115 - 125 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartographie numérique [Termes IGN] cartogramme [Termes IGN] démographie [Termes IGN] données statistiques [Termes IGN] Etats-Unis [Termes IGN] méthode des moindres carrés [Termes IGN] triangulation de Delaunay Résumé : (Auteur) A continuous area cartogram is a transformed map in which regions are resized relative to their data. It is considered an effective visualization tool for statistical data, and many solutions have been proposed. However, most of these solutions are not mathematically clear or user friendly; further, they do not provide visually elegant area cartograms. An essential condition for the construction of a visually elegant area cartogram is that the resultant region shape should resemble the corresponding regions on geographical maps. Since it is impossible to determine the shape of a region based only on the information of size, area cartogram construction is an ill-posed problem that requires regularization. In this study, we propose a construction algorithm that involves triangulation of regions and regularization through restrictions on the bearing changes of the edges in order to obtain visually clear results. First, we formulate a construction using nonlinear least squares. Then, by linearizing, we derive a simple formula to create area cartograms. The application of our algorithm to the USA population datasets reveals that our algorithm has mathematical clarity and is user friendly. Copyright CaGISociety Numéro de notice : A2006-286 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1559/152304006777681698 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1559/152304006777681698 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=28013 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
032-06021	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

A GIS analysis of the relationship between criminal offenses and parks in Kansas City, Kansas / N. Demotto in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 33 n° 2 (April 2006)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 33 n° 2 (April 2006) . - pp 141 - 157 Titre : A GIS analysis of the relationship between criminal offenses and parks in Kansas City, Kansas Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : N. Demotto, Auteur ; C.P. Davies, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Article en page(s) : pp 141 - 157 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Applications SIG [Termes IGN] espace vert [Termes IGN] infraction [Termes IGN] Kansas (Etats-Unis ; état) [Termes IGN] milieu urbain [Termes IGN] répartition géographique [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) Most urban green space research focuses on the social benefits of parks and recreational areas. However, in areas with high levels of resource deprivation and physical disorder, parks may function as criminal marketplaces. Parks in such areas may cease to provide net benefits to the surrounding community and instead serve as a vector for criminal activity. Parks in eastern Kansas City, Kansas, are examined in terms of the probability of criminal marketplaces and beneficial social contribution. Variables for resource deprivation and social disorder are calculated for the study area and compared to national aggregates to identify which parks may behave as criminal marketplaces. In such cases, parks should exhibit an inverse relationship between distance from a park and number of criminal offenses per acre. Evaluating the incidence of crime near parks using geographic information systems (GIS) buffer analysis, proximity analysis, and spatial statistics demonstrates that parks in areas of extreme resource deprivation do not serve beneficial social roles, and some parks contradict conventional criminal justice and urban economic theory. Numéro de notice : A2006-287 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1559/152304006777681715 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1559/152304006777681715 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=28014 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
032-06021	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible

Can error explain map differences over time? / Robert Gilmore Pontius in Cartography and Geographic Information Science, vol 33 n° 2 (April 2006)  

Public [article]  inCartography and Geographic Information Science > vol 33 n° 2 (April 2006) Titre : Can error explain map differences over time? Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Robert Gilmore Pontius, Auteur ; C.D. Lippitt, Auteur Année de publication : 2006 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Cartographie [Termes IGN] analyse de sensibilité [Termes IGN] analyse diachronique [Termes IGN] carte d'occupation du sol [Termes IGN] incertitude des données [Termes IGN] Massachusetts (Etats-Unis) [Termes IGN] matrice de confusion Résumé : (Auteur) This paper presents methods to test whether map error can explain the observed differences between two points in time among categories of land cover in maps. Such differences may be due to two reasons: error in the maps and change on the ground. Our methods use matrix algebra: (1) to determine whether error can explain specific types of observed categorical transitions between two maps, (2) to represent visually the differences between the maps that error cannot explain, and (3) to examine how the results are sensitive to possible variation in map error. The methods complement conventional accuracy assessment because they rely on standard confusion matrices that use either a random or a stratified sampling design. We illustrate the methods with maps from 1971 and 1999, which show seven land-cover categories for central Massachusetts. The methods detect four transitions from agriculture, range, forest, and barren in 1971 to built in 1999, which a 15 percent error cannot explain. Sensitivity analysis reveals that if the accuracy of the maps were less than 77 percent, then error could explain virtually all of the observed differences between the maps. The paper discusses the assumptions behind the methods and articulates priorities for future research. Copyright CaGISociety. Numéro de notice : A2006-288 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1559/152304006777681706 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1559/152304006777681706 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=28015 [article]

Exemplaires(1)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
032-06021	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible