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Theoretical and practical aspects of high-rate GNSS geodetic observations / Simon Häberling (2016)

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Titre :	Theoretical and practical aspects of high-rate GNSS geodetic observations
Type de document :	Thèse/HDR
Auteurs :	Simon Häberling, Auteur
Editeur :	Zurich : Schweizerischen Geodatischen Kommission / Commission Géodésique Suisse
Année de publication :	2016
Autre Editeur :	Zurich : Eidgenossische Technische Hochschule ETH - Ecole Polytechnique Fédérale de Zurich EPFZ
Collection :	Geodätisch-Geophysikalische Arbeiten in der Schweiz, ISSN 0257-1722 num. 95
Importance :	212 p.
Format :	21 x 30 cm
ISBN/ISSN/EAN :	978-3-908440-41-3
Note générale :	bibliographie thesis submitted to attain the degree of doctor of sciences of ETH Zurich
Langues :	Anglais (eng)
Descripteur :	[Vedettes matières IGN] Géodésie spatiale [Termes IGN] bruit thermique [Termes IGN] erreur de positionnement [Termes IGN] filtrage du signal [Termes IGN] fréquence [Termes IGN] onde sismique [Termes IGN] phase [Termes IGN] source d'erreur
Index. décimale :	30.61 Systèmes de Positionnement par Satellites du GNSS
Résumé :	(auteur) The main goal of the thesis is the thorough investigation and quantification of GNSS observation errors in the frequency range above 1 Hz while going to the limit of the actual receiver technology with sampling rates up to 100 sps. The potential GNSS errors in this high-frequency band are mainly caused by receiver internal error sources. Due to theoretical considerations and empirical results derived from GNSS observations of almost all available carrier signals, the carrier jitter induced by thermal noise and the receiver frequency response produced by highly dynamic motions could be detected as the two most dominant disturbances affecting high-rate GNSS observations above 1 Hz. The zero-baseline configuration (splitting the signal from one antenna to two receivers) allowed a detailed study of the carrier phase jitter and correlations between subsequent epochs dependent on different GNSS signal characteristics and baseband parameters. The size of the carrier phase jitter is directly determined by the carrier-to-noise density ratio at baseband and the corresponding loop bandwidth. Especially encrypted code sequences have a strong influence on the quality of the corresponding carrier phase component due to signal strength consuming decryption algorithms. The final consequences are a higher carrier jitter and a stronger frequency response due to the necessary PLL guiding by the strong loop signals such as GPS L1 derived from the C/A component. The impact of this higher carrier phase jitter plays a dominant role for the overall noise in the highfrequency spectrum while building the ionosphere-free linear combination. This has been demonstrated using a zero-baseline, but also a 10 m and 110 km baseline. The carrier phase jitter induced by thermal noise defines the noise level above 1 Hz. This high-frequency noise is therefore baseline independent. No significant differences between a baseline of 10 m and 110 km could be detected considering the signal spectrum between 0.01 Hz and 50 Hz. For the determination and analysis of the GNSS errors caused by high-frequency motions an experimental setup has been established consisting of a single-axis shake table as motion generator and of a well-known ground-truth defined by inductive displacement transducers. The ground-truth was validated by a strong motion seismometer with a flat frequency response carried on the shake table. With an additional precise time synchronization between all the sensors, the experiment with a mounted GNSS antenna on the shake table enabled the determination of the GNSS receiver frequency response between 1 and 20 Hz. Using different receiver types and PLL bandwidths, the amplitudes even at 3 Hz can be overestimated by about 50%, above 10 Hz also an overestimation can be observed or a reduction by well over half of the amplitude. Not only the amplitude is affected, but also the signal phase with errors between 30 and 90 degrees. This demonstrates the importance of a detailed knowledge of the loop parameters for an assessment of the expected errors, but also for applying an inverse filter in order to correct the GNSS receiver frequency response based on a simple digital PLL model. These results are relevant for all applications with strong dynamics using high-rate GNSS, such as structural health monitoring, machine guidance, navigation, and ionosphere scintillation studies. Further, seismological implications and the potential contribution of high-rate GNSS to seismology has been evaluated. Based on a moderate synthetic earthquake expected for Switzerland generated on the shake table, the sensitivity of high-rate GPS to highfrequency seismic signals using a realistic baseline length could be tested. Additionally, the receiver response has been simulated for real earthquakes in order to demonstrate the displacement errors caused by the response.
Note de contenu :	1- Introduction 2- GNSS Signal Structure 3- GNSS Receiver Architecture 4- Carrier Tracking Modeling 5- Analysis of the GNSS Signal Noise 6- Shake Table Experiments 7- GNSS Receiver Response 8- Implications on Seismology and other Applications 9- Conclusions and Outlook
Numéro de notice :	17461
Affiliation des auteurs :	non IGN
Autre URL associée :	https://doi.org/10.3929/ethz-a-010592866
Thématique :	POSITIONNEMENT
Nature :	Thèse étrangère
Note de thèse :	thèse : Sciences : ETHZ : 2015
DOI :	10.3929/ethz-a-010592866
En ligne :	https://www.sgc.ethz.ch/sgc-volumes/sgk-95.pdf
Format de la ressource électronique :	URL
Permalink :	https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=89687

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Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
17461-01	30.61	Livre	Centre de documentation	Géodésie	Disponible

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