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Introduction to digital gazetteer research / Michael F. Goodchild in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008) . - pp 1039 - 1044 Titre : Introduction to digital gazetteer research Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Michael F. Goodchild, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp 1039 - 1044 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] conflation [Termes IGN] géoréférencement [Termes IGN] répertoire toponymique [Termes IGN] toponyme Résumé : (Auteur) Digital gazetteers provide information on named features, linking the feature's name with its location and its type. They have been growing in importance recently as the basis of a range of services, including way-finding, georeferencing, and intelligence. This introduction to the following collection of five research papers expands on contemporary applications of digital gazetteers, explores the issues associated with each of the three types of information, and defines three broad areas of research: the components of gazetteers; the process by which places are named and evolve; and the issues of interoperability between digital gazetteers. Each area is represented by at least one paper in the collection. Digital gazetteers increasingly form the interface between the informal discourse of humans and the formal world of geographic information science. Copyright Taylor & Francis Numéro de notice : A2008-352 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810701850497 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810701850497 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29345 [article]

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Modelling vague places with knowledge from the Web / Christopher B. Jones in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008) . - pp 1045 - 1065 Titre : Modelling vague places with knowledge from the Web Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Christopher B. Jones, Auteur ; Ross S. Purves, Auteur ; P.D. Clough, Auteur ; Hideo Joho, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp 1045 - 1065 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] géomatique web [Termes IGN] moteur de recherche [Termes IGN] recherche d'information géographique [Termes IGN] répertoire toponymique [Termes IGN] toponyme flou Résumé : (Auteur) Place names are often used to describe and to enquire about geographical information. It is common for users to employ vernacular names that have vague spatial extent and which do not correspond to the official and administrative place name terminology recorded within typical gazetteers. There is a need therefore to enrich gazetteers with knowledge of such vague places and hence improve the quality of place name-based information retrieval. Here we describe a method for modelling vague places using knowledge harvested from Web pages. It is found that vague place names are frequently accompanied in text by the names of more precise co-located places that lie within the extent of the target vague place. Density surface modelling of the frequency of co-occurrence of such names provides an effective method of representing the inherent uncertainty of the extent of the vague place while also enabling approximate crisp boundaries to be derived from contours if required. The method is evaluated using both precise and vague places. The use of the resulting approximate boundaries is demonstrated using an experimental geographical search engine. Copyright Taylor & Francis Numéro de notice : A2008-353 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810701850547 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810701850547 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29346 [article]

Exemplaires(2)

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Georeferencing locality descriptions and computing associated uncertainty using a probabilistic approach / Q. Guo in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008) . - pp 1067 - 1090 Titre : Georeferencing locality descriptions and computing associated uncertainty using a probabilistic approach Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Q. Guo, Auteur ; Y. Liu, Auteur ; J. Wieczorek, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp 1067 - 1090 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] distribution, loi de [Termes IGN] géocodage [Termes IGN] incertitude géométrique [Termes IGN] modèle d'incertitude [Termes IGN] objet géographique [Termes IGN] relation spatiale [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (Auteur) Locality information for specimens of geological, biological, and cultural objects is traditionally stored as textual descriptions. With an increasing demand for natural and cultural information, the lack of spatially explicit descriptions has become a major barrier to the management and analysis of these data using geographic information systems. In this paper, we propose a method to georeference descriptive data, using an uncertainty field model to represent the distribution of a locality based on two types of uncertainties: uncertainty of reference objects, and the uncertainty of spatial relationships. We propose probability distributions for each known form of these two types of uncertainties and present a probabilistic method to georeference localities based on the integration of different uncertainty sources. Copyright Taylor & Francis Numéro de notice : A2008-354 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810701851420 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810701851420 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29347 [article]

Exemplaires(2)

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From named place to naming event: creating gazetteers for history / R. Mostern in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008) . - pp 1091 - 1108 Titre : From named place to naming event: creating gazetteers for history Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : R. Mostern, Auteur ; I. Johnson, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp 1091 - 1108 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Toponymie [Termes IGN] événement [Termes IGN] raisonnement temporel [Termes IGN] répertoire toponymique [Termes IGN] toponyme Résumé : (Auteur) For historians and other scholars of the human past, gazetteers are best seen as records of events in the histories of places, rather than as indexes of named places per se. This paper discusses the episodic nature of historical temporality, the narrative form of reasoning in history, and the value of using events as the basis for gazetteers in order to reflect the character of knowledge about historical places. It identifies the attributes of a historical event and introduces the idea that a historical event gazetteer must build networks of relationships among events in order to effectively represent historical narrative. It reviews relevant bodies of literature and proposes a procedure for identifying chronological, meteorological, and causal relationships among historical events. Finally, it suggests new directions in spatiotemporal visualization of history, with reference to a prototype developed by the authors. Numéro de notice : A2008-355 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : TOPONYMIE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810701851438 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810701851438 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29348 [article]

Exemplaires(2)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-08061	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible
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Automated conflation of digital gazetteer data / J.T. Hastings in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008) . - pp 1109 - 1127 Titre : Automated conflation of digital gazetteer data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : J.T. Hastings, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp 1109 - 1127 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] Californie (Etats-Unis) [Termes IGN] cognition [Termes IGN] conflation [Termes IGN] métrique [Termes IGN] Nevada (Etats-Unis) [Termes IGN] répertoire toponymique [Termes IGN] système de gestion de connaissances [Termes IGN] toponyme Résumé : (Auteur) A digital gazetteer (DG) is a spatial dictionary of named and typed places in some environment, typically the near-surface of the Earth. DGs are proliferating in number and sophistication with the popularity of location-based services such as GoogleEarth, MapQuest, and OnStar. The essential utility of a DG is to translate between formal and informal systems of place referencing, i.e. between the ad hoc names and qualitative type classifications assigned to places, on the one hand, and quantitative locations for them, on the other. Frequently, it is necessary to consult and combine results from multiple sources of gazetteer data, which is tedious for humans and currently not done by machines. Thus, a fundamental challenge with DGs is conflation: merging gazetteer data so that place identity is preserved. The challenge can be met using a computational approach modelled on human behaviour, focusing first on places' geometries (since disjoint places cannot be the same), second on their type categories, and finally on their names. This article details a troika of metrics that mimic the human cognitive process, together with operational procedures for automated conflation of DG data using them. By way of demonstration, both abstract and practical results of conflation for the Lake Tahoe Basin of California and Nevada are presented. Copyright Taylor & Francis Numéro de notice : A2008-356 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810701851453 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810701851453 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29349 [article]

Exemplaires(2)

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The role of ontology in improving gazetteer interaction / Krzysztof Janowicz in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008) . - pp 1129 - 1157 Titre : The role of ontology in improving gazetteer interaction Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Krzysztof Janowicz, Auteur ; C. Kebler, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp 1129 - 1157 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] bibliothèque numérique [Termes IGN] géomatique web [Termes IGN] géopositionnement [Termes IGN] interface web [Termes IGN] ontologie [Termes IGN] répertoire toponymique [Termes IGN] toponyme Résumé : (Auteur) Gazetteers are more than basic place name directories containing names and locations for named geographic places. Most of them contain additional information, including a categorization of gazetteer entries using a typing scheme. This paper focuses on the nature of these categorization schemes. We argue that gazetteers can benefit from an ontological approach to typing schemes, providing a formalization that will better support gazetteer applications, maintenance, interoperability, and semi-automatic feature annotation. We discuss the process of developing such an ontology as a modification of an existing feature type thesaurus; the difficulties in mapping from thesauri to ontologies are described in detail. To demonstrate the benefits of a categorization based on ontologies, a new gazetteer Web (and programming) interface is introduced and the impact on gazetteer interoperability is discussed. Copyright Taylor & Francis Numéro de notice : A2008-357 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.1080/13658810701851461 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1080/13658810701851461 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29350 [article]

Exemplaires(2)

Code-barres	Cote	Support	Localisation	Section	Disponibilité
079-08061	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible
079-08062	RAB	Revue	Centre de documentation	En réserve L003	Disponible