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Multihulls: Spatial representation and processing with variable shape fidelity, applied to gazetteers / J.T. Hastings in Transactions in GIS, vol 13 n°5-6 (October/december 2009)

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 13 n°5-6 (October/december 2009) . - pp 465 - 480 Titre : Multihulls: Spatial representation and processing with variable shape fidelity, applied to gazetteers Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : J.T. Hastings, Auteur Année de publication : 2009 Article en page(s) : pp 465 - 480 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] ensemble convexe [Termes descripteurs IGN] figure géométrique [Termes descripteurs IGN] géocodage [Termes descripteurs IGN] raisonnement spatial [Termes descripteurs IGN] recherche d'information géographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] répertoire toponymique [Termes descripteurs IGN] système d'information géographique [Termes descripteurs IGN] toponyme Résumé : (Auteur) Spatial processing is increasingly prevalent in the modern computing milieu. In particular, geographic information retrieval and location-based services such as GoogleEarth and MapQuest depend on spatial operations in conjunction with gazetteers to georeference geographic features. However, many gazetteers contain only point locations or simple bounding rectangles, which make for erratic and sometimes poor georeferencing. Convex hulls can provide better georeferencing results at modest computational cost, but their shape fidelity is still erratic. Full GIS capabilities are actually overfit for many geospatial and georeferencing purposes, because of the limited accuracy of the underlying data. The financial and technical demands of GIS also exclude it from many markets. Described here is a new technique, multihulls, based on the iterative refinement of convex hulls. Multihulls achieve arbitrary shape fidelity at a small increment in computational cost, consistent with the data, outside a GIS, making them attractive for many geospatial and georeferencing applications, especially gazetteers. Copyright Blackwell Publishing Numéro de notice : A2009-524 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=30153 [article]

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Automatic conflation of digital gazetteer data / J.T. Hastings in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008)

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 22 n° 10 (october 2008) . - pp 1109 - 1127 Titre : Automatic conflation of digital gazetteer data Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : J.T. Hastings, Auteur Année de publication : 2008 Article en page(s) : pp 1109 - 1127 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Californie (Etats-Unis) [Termes descripteurs IGN] cognition [Termes descripteurs IGN] conflation [Termes descripteurs IGN] métrique [Termes descripteurs IGN] Nevada (Etats-Unis) [Termes descripteurs IGN] répertoire toponymique [Termes descripteurs IGN] système de gestion de connaissances [Termes descripteurs IGN] toponyme Résumé : (Auteur) A digital gazetteer (DG) is a spatial dictionary of named and typed places in some environment, typically the near-surface of the Earth. DGs are proliferating in number and sophistication with the popularity of location-based services such as GoogleEarth, MapQuest, and OnStar. The essential utility of a DG is to translate between formal and informal systems of place referencing, i.e. between the ad hoc names and qualitative type classifications assigned to places, on the one hand, and quantitative locations for them, on the other. Frequently, it is necessary to consult and combine results from multiple sources of gazetteer data, which is tedious for humans and currently not done by machines. Thus, a fundamental challenge with DGs is conflation: merging gazetteer data so that place identity is preserved. The challenge can be met using a computational approach modelled on human behaviour, focusing first on places' geometries (since disjoint places cannot be the same), second on their type categories, and finally on their names. This article details a troika of metrics that mimic the human cognitive process, together with operational procedures for automated conflation of DG data using them. By way of demonstration, both abstract and practical results of conflation for the Lake Tahoe Basin of California and Nevada are presented. Copyright Taylor & Francis Numéro de notice : A2008-356 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=29349 [article]

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