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Ontology of core concept data types for answering geo-analytical questions / Simon Scheider in Journal of Spatial Information Science (JoSIS), n° 20 (2020)  

Public [article]  inJournal of Spatial Information Science (JoSIS) > n° 20 (2020) Titre : Ontology of core concept data types for answering geo-analytical questions Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Simon Scheider, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées [Termes IGN] concept [Termes IGN] données localisées [Termes IGN] information géographique [Termes IGN] modèle sémantique de données [Termes IGN] ontologie [Termes IGN] requête spatiale [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique Résumé : (auteur) In geographic information systems (GIS), analysts answer questions by designing workflows that transform a certain type of data into a certain type of goal. Semantic data types help constrain the application of computational methods to those that are meaningful for such a goal. This prevents pointless computations and helps analysts design effective workflows. Yet, to date it remains unclear which types would be needed in order to ease geo-analytical tasks. The data types and formats used in GIS still allow for huge amounts of syntactically possible but nonsensical method applications. Core concepts of spatial information and related geo-semantic distinctions have been proposed as abstractions to help analysts formulate analytic questions and to compute appropriate answers over geodata of different formats. In essence, core concepts reflect particular interpretations of data which imply that certain transformations are possible. However, core concepts usually remain implicit when operating on geodata, since a concept can be represented in a variety of forms. A central question therefore is: Which semantic types would be needed to capture this variety and its implications for geospatial analysis? In this article, we propose an ontology design pattern of core concept data types that help answer geo-analytical questions. Based on a scenario to compute a liveability atlas for Amsterdam, we show that diverse kinds of geo-analytical questions can be answered by this pattern in terms of valid, automatically constructible GIS workflows using standard sources. Numéro de notice : A2020-850 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article DOI : 10.5311/JOSIS.2020.20.555 Date de publication en ligne : 30/06/2020 En ligne : https://josis.org/index.php/josis/article/view/125 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=98665 [article]

Deeply integrating linked data with geographic information systems / Gengchen Mai in Transactions in GIS, vol 23 n° 3 (June 2019)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 23 n° 3 (June 2019) . - pp 579 - 600 Titre : Deeply integrating linked data with geographic information systems Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Gengchen Mai, Auteur ; Krzysztof Janowicz, Auteur ; Bo Yan, Auteur ; Simon Scheider, Auteur Année de publication : 2019 Article en page(s) : pp 579 - 600 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique web [Termes IGN] connecteur logiciel [Termes IGN] graphe [Termes IGN] ontologie [Termes IGN] réseau sémantique [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique [Termes IGN] web des données Résumé : (Auteur) The realization that knowledge often forms a densely interconnected graph has fueled the development of graph databases, Web‐scale knowledge graphs and query languages for them, novel visualization and query paradigms, as well as new machine learning methods tailored to graphs as data structures. One such example is the densely connected and global Linked Data cloud that contains billions of statements about numerous domains, including life science and geography. While Linked Data has found its way into everyday applications such as search engines and question answering systems, there is a growing disconnect between the classical ways in which Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are still used today and the open‐ended, exploratory approaches used to retrieve and consume data from knowledge graphs such as Linked Data. In this work, we conceptualize and prototypically implement a Linked Data connector framework as a set of toolboxes for Esri's ArcGIS to close this gap and enable the retrieval, integration, and analysis of Linked Data from within GIS. We discuss how to connect to Linked Data endpoints, how to use ontologies to probe data and derive appropriate GIS representations on the fly, how to make use of reasoning, how to derive data that are ready for spatial analysis out of RDF triples, and, most importantly, how to utilize the link structure of Linked Data to enable analysis. The proposed Linked Data connector framework can also be regarded as the first step toward a guided geographic question answering system over geographic knowledge graphs. Numéro de notice : A2019-255 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/tgis.12538 Date de publication en ligne : 11/06/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12538 Format de la ressource électronique : URL Article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=93013 [article]

Computing with cognitive spatial frames of reference in GIS / Simon Scheider in Transactions in GIS, vol 22 n° 5 (October 2018)  

Public [article]  inTransactions in GIS > vol 22 n° 5 (October 2018) . - pp 1083 - 1104 Titre : Computing with cognitive spatial frames of reference in GIS Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Simon Scheider, Auteur ; Jürgen Hahn, Auteur ; Paul Weiser, Auteur ; Werner Kuhn, Auteur Année de publication : 2018 Article en page(s) : pp 1083 - 1104 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Systèmes d'information géographique [Termes IGN] espace vectoriel [Termes IGN] logique floue [Termes IGN] modèle cognitif [Termes IGN] transformation géométrique Résumé : (Auteur) In everyday communication, people effortlessly translate between spatial cognitive frames of reference. For example, a tourist guide translates from a map (“the fountain is north‐west of the church”) into a cognitive frame for a tourist (“the fountain in front of the church”). While different types of cognitive reference frames and their relevance for language cultures have been studied in considerable depth, we still lack adequate transformation models. In this article, we argue that transformations in current Geographic Information Systems (GIS) are inappropriate to this end. Appropriate transformation models need to go beyond point discretization to take into account vague transformations, in order to deal with forms, sizes, and vagueness of spatial relations relative to ground objects. We argue that neural fields should be used to denote fuzzy positions, directions, and sizes in a particular frame. We propose fuzzy vector spaces to approximate neural field behavior with affine transformations, including fuzzy translation, rotation, and scaling, in order to efficiently transform between different cognitive perspectives. We use an implementation in Haskell to describe a geographic map from the perspective of six well‐known cognitive frames of reference. Based on these findings, we give an outlook on the principles of a “neural GIS.” Numéro de notice : A2018-570 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1111/tgis.12318 Date de publication en ligne : 11/10/2018 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1111/tgis.12318 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=92289 [article]

Modeling spatiotemporal information generation / Simon Scheider in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 30 n° 9-10 (September - October 2016)  

Public [article]  inInternational journal of geographical information science IJGIS > vol 30 n° 9-10 (September - October 2016) . - pp 1980 - 2008 Titre : Modeling spatiotemporal information generation Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Simon Scheider, Auteur ; Benedikt Gräler, Auteur ; Edzer J. Pebesma, Auteur ; Christophe Stasch, Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 1980 - 2008 Note générale : Bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Bases de données localisées [Termes IGN] base de données dérivée [Termes IGN] données hétérogènes [Termes IGN] exploration de données géographiques [Termes IGN] information géographique [Termes IGN] mise à jour de base de données [Termes IGN] mise à jour en continu [Termes IGN] regroupement de données [Termes IGN] source de données Résumé : (Auteur) Maintaining knowledge about the provenance of datasets, that is, about how they were obtained, is crucial for their further use. Contrary to what the overused metaphors of ‘data mining’ and ‘big data’ are implying, it is hardly possible to use data in a meaningful way if information about sources and types of conversions is discarded in the process of data gathering. A generative model of spatiotemporal information could not only help automating the description of derivation processes but also assessing the scope of a dataset’s future use by exploring possible transformations. Even though there are technical approaches to document data provenance, models for describing how spatiotemporal data are generated are still missing. To fill this gap, we introduce an algebra that models data generation and describes how datasets are derived, in terms of types of reference systems. We illustrate its versatility by applying it to a number of derivation scenarios, ranging from field aggregation to trajectory generation, and discuss its potential for retrieval, analysis support systems, as well as for assessing the space of meaningful computations. Numéro de notice : A2016-573 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1080/13658816.2016.1151520 En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/13658816.2016.1151520 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81729 [article]

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Towards sustainable mobility behavior: research challenges for location-aware information and communication technology / Paul Weiser in Geoinformatica, vol 20 n° 2 (April - June 2016)  

Public [article]  inGeoinformatica > vol 20 n° 2 (April - June 2016) . - pp 213 - 239 Titre : Towards sustainable mobility behavior: research challenges for location-aware information and communication technology Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Paul Weiser, Auteur ; Simon Scheider, Auteur ; Dominik Bucher, Auteur ; et al., Auteur Année de publication : 2016 Article en page(s) : pp 213 - 239 Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes IGN] approche participative [Termes IGN] changement climatique [Termes IGN] comportement [Termes IGN] développement durable [Termes IGN] état de l'art [Termes IGN] innovation technologique [Termes IGN] mobilité humaine [Termes IGN] positionnement cinématique [Termes IGN] système d'information géographique [Termes IGN] téléphonie mobile [Termes IGN] transport Résumé : (auteur) Private transport accounts for a large amount of total CO2 emissions, thus significantly contributing to global warming. Tools that actively support people in engaging in a more sustainable life-style without restricting their mobility are urgently needed. How can location-aware information and communication technology (ICT) enable novel interactive and participatory approaches that help people in becoming more sustainable? In this survey paper, we discuss the different aspects of this challenge from a technological and cognitive engineering perspective, based on an overview of the main information processes that may influence mobility behavior. We review the state-of-the-art of research with respect to various ways of influencing mobility behavior (e.g., through providing real-time, user-specific, and location-based feedback) and suggest a corresponding research agenda. We conclude that future research has to focus on reflecting individual goals in providing personal feedback and recommendations that take into account different motivational stages. In addition, a long-term and large-scale empirical evaluation of such tools is necessary. Numéro de notice : A2016-372 Affiliation des auteurs : non IGN Thématique : GEOMATIQUE/POSITIONNEMENT Nature : Article DOI : 10.1007/s10707-015-0242-x En ligne : http://dx.doi.org/10.1007/s10707-015-0242-x Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=81137 [article]

Integrating GI with non-GI services — showcasing interoperability in a heterogeneous service-oriented architecture / M. Treiblmayr in Geoinformatica, vol 16 n° 1 (January 2012)  

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Affordance-based categorization of road network data using a grounded theory of channel networks / Simon Scheider in International journal of geographical information science IJGIS, vol 24 n°7-8 (july 2010)  

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