Centre dedocumentation
scientifique

City-descriptive input data for urban climate models: Model requirements, data sources and challenges / Valéry Masson in Urban climate, vol 31 (March 2020)  

Public [article]  inUrban climate > vol 31 (March 2020) Titre : City-descriptive input data for urban climate models: Model requirements, data sources and challenges Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Valéry Masson, Auteur ; Wieke Heldens, Auteur ; Erwan Bocher, Auteur ; Marion Bonhomme, Auteur ; Bénédicte Bucher , Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Projets : URCLIM / Bucher, Bénédicte Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Géomatique [Termes descripteurs IGN] arbre urbain [Termes descripteurs IGN] données localisées numériques [Termes descripteurs IGN] données socio-économiques [Termes descripteurs IGN] flore urbaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] morphologie urbaine [Termes descripteurs IGN] occupation du sol [Termes descripteurs IGN] ville [Termes descripteurs IGN] zone urbaine Résumé : (auteur) Cities are particularly vulnerable to meteorological hazards because of the concentration of population, goods, capital stock and infrastructure. Urban climate services require multi-disciplinary and multi-sectorial approaches and new paradigms in urban climate modelling. This paper classifies the required urban input data for both mesoscale state-of-the-art Urban Canopy Models (UCMs) and microscale Obstacle Resolving Models (ORM) into five categories and reviews the ways in which they can be obtained. The first two categories are (1) land cover, and (2) building morphology. These govern the main interactions between the city and the urban climate and the Urban Heat Island. Interdependence between morphological parameters and UCM geometric hypotheses are discussed. Building height, plan and wall area densities are recommended as the main input variables for UCMs, whereas ORMs require 3D building data. Recently, three other categories of urban data became relevant for finer urban studies and adaptation to climate change: (3) building design and architecture, (4) building use, anthropogenic heat and socio-economic data, and (5) urban vegetation data. Several methods for acquiring spatial information are reviewed, including remote sensing, geographic information system (GIS) processing from administrative cadasters, expert knowledge and crowdsourcing. Data availability, data harmonization, costs/efficiency trade-offs and future challenges are then discussed. Numéro de notice : A2020-003 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.1016/j.uclim.2019.100536 date de publication en ligne : 19/11/2019 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.1016/j.uclim.2019.100536 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94290 [article]

Conciliating perspectives from mapping agencies and web of data on successful European SDIs: toward a European geographic knowledge graph / Bénédicte Bucher in ISPRS International journal of geo-information, vol 9 n° 2 (February 2020)  

Public [article]  inISPRS International journal of geo-information > vol 9 n° 2 (February 2020) . - 23 p. Titre : Conciliating perspectives from mapping agencies and web of data on successful European SDIs: toward a European geographic knowledge graph Type de document : Article/Communication Auteurs : Bénédicte Bucher , Auteur ; Esa Tiainen, Auteur ; Thomas Ellett von Brasch, Auteur ; Paul Janssen, Auteur ; Dimitris Kotzinos, Auteur ; Marjan Ceh, Auteur ; Martijn Rijsdijk, Auteur ; Marie-Dominique Van Damme , Auteur ; Mehdi Zhral, Auteur Année de publication : 2020 Projets : URCLIM / Bucher, Bénédicte Article en page(s) : 23 p. Note générale : bibliographie Langues : Anglais (eng) Descripteur : [Vedettes matières IGN] Infrastructure de données [Termes descripteurs IGN] cartographe [Termes descripteurs IGN] données ouvertes [Termes descripteurs IGN] graphique [Termes descripteurs IGN] harmonisation des données [Termes descripteurs IGN] hétérogénéité sémantique [Termes descripteurs IGN] infrastructure européenne de données localisées [Termes descripteurs IGN] INSPIRE [Termes descripteurs IGN] ontologie [Termes descripteurs IGN] organisme cartographique national [Termes descripteurs IGN] Web des données [Termes descripteurs IGN] web sémantique Résumé : (auteur) Spatial Data Infrastructures (SDIs) are a key asset for Europe. This paper concentrates on unsolved issues in SDIs in Europe related to the management of semantic heterogeneities. It studies contributions and competences from two communities in this field: cartographers, authoritative data providers, and geographic information scientists on the one hand, and computer scientists working on the Web of Data on the other. During several workshops organized by the EuroSDR and Eurogeographics organizations, the authors analyzed their complementarity and discovered reasons for the difficult collaboration between these communities. They have different and sometimes conflicting perspectives on what successful SDIs should look like, as well as on priorities. We developed a proposal to integrate both perspectives, which is centered on the elaboration of an open European Geographical Knowledge Graph. Its structure reuses results from the literature on geographical information ontologies. It is associated with a multifaceted roadmap addressing interrelated aspects of SDIs. Numéro de notice : A2020-054 Thématique : GEOMATIQUE Nature : Article nature-HAL : ArtAvecCL-RevueIntern DOI : 10.3390/ijgi9020062 date de publication en ligne : 21/01/2020 En ligne : https://doi.org/10.3390/ijgi9020062 Format de la ressource électronique : URL article Permalink : https://documentation.ensg.eu/index.php?lvl=notice_display&id=94537 [article]